biology

Klebsiella aerogenes

Klebsiella aerogenes is a biology topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Klebsiella aerogenes rather than just read about it. In short: Klebsiella aerogenes, previously known as Enterobacter aerogenes, is a Gram-negative, oxidase-negative, catalase-positive, citrate-positive, indole-negative, rod-shaped bacterium. Capable of motility via peritrichous flagella, it is approximately one to three microns in length.

Key takeaways

Klebsiella aerogenes belongs to biology; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Klebsiella aerogenes to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Klebsiella aerogenes from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Klebsiella aerogenes, previously known as Enterobacter aerogenes, is a Gram-negative, oxidase-negative, catalase-positive, citrate-positive, indole-negative, rod-shaped bacterium. Capable of motility via peritrichous flagella, it is approximately one to three microns in length. The bacterium is found in the normal flora of the human gastrointestinal tract. Klebsiella aerogenes is a nosocomial, pathogenic bacterium that causes opportunistic infections of most types. Infections are generally sensitive to antibiotics designed for this bacteria class, though complicated by inducible resistance mechanisms, particularly β- lactamase; infections accordingly become quickly resistant to standard antibiotics during treatment, necessitating a change in antibiotic to avoid worsening of the sepsis. Some infections caused by K. aerogenes result from specific antibiotic treatments, venous catheter insertions, and/or surgical procedures. It is generally found in the human gastrointestinal tract and does not generally cause disease in healthy individuals. It has been found to live in various wastes, hygiene chemicals, and soil. It also has some commercial significance; experiments using molasses as the substrate have produced hydrogen gas. K. aerogenes is an outstanding hydrogen producer. It is an anaerobic facultative and mesophilic bacterium that can consume different sugars, and—unlike the cultivation of strict anaerobes—there is no requirement to remove all oxygen from the fermenter. Along with a short doubling time, it has a high hydrogen productivity and evolution rate. Furthermore, its hydrogen production is not inhibited at high hydrogen partial pressures. Its hydrogen yield is lower than that of such strict anaerobes as Clostridia: strictly anaerobic bacteria produce a theoretical maximum of 4 mol H2/mol glucose, while such facultative anaerobic bacteria as K. aerogenes theoretically yield a maximum of 2 mol H2/mol glucose. K. aerogenes may spoil maple sap and syrup. Owing to diverse metabolites—acids and alcohols—produced by such a strain in conjunction with its ability to utilize different sugars, the metabolism and growth of K. aerogenes can vary significantly with the conditions.

Biochemical identification test results

References

External links Enterobacter Infections at eMedicine "Klebsiella aerogenes". NCBI Taxonomy Browser. 548. Type strain of Klebsiella aerogenes at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase Archived 2018-06-17 at the Wayback Machine

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Klebsiella aerogenes

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Klebsiella aerogenes claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In biology, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Klebsiella aerogenes before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Klebsiella aerogenes ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Klebsiella aerogenes

In research: Klebsiella aerogenes appears in biology research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Klebsiella aerogenes in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Klebsiella aerogenes is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Bacteria described in 1960, Enterobacteriaceae, Gram-negative bacteria, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Klebsiella aerogenes outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Klebsiella aerogenes in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Klebsiella aerogenes means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Klebsiella aerogenes out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Klebsiella aerogenes in simple terms?

Why does Klebsiella aerogenes matter?

Because it connects several biology ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Klebsiella aerogenes?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Klebsiella aerogenes.