physics

Ksenia Aleksandrovna Razumova

Ksenia Aleksandrovna Razumova is a physics topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Ksenia Aleksandrovna Razumova rather than just read about it. In short: Ksenia Aleksandrovna Razumova (Russian: Ксения Александровна Разумова; also transliterated Xenia Razumova; born 23 January 1931) is a Russian physicist. She graduated from the Physical Faculty of Moscow University in 1955 and took a position at the then called Kurchatov Institute of Atomic Energy in Moscow, then USSR.

Key takeaways

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Reference excerpt

Ksenia Aleksandrovna Razumova (Russian: Ксения Александровна Разумова; also transliterated Xenia Razumova; born 23 January 1931) is a Russian physicist. She graduated from the Physical Faculty of Moscow University in 1955 and took a position at the then called Kurchatov Institute of Atomic Energy in Moscow, then USSR. She defended her Ph.D. in 1966, was Candidate in Physical and Mathematical sciences in 1967, and became Doctor of Sciences in 1984. She is laboratory head at the Institute of Nuclear Fusion, Russian Research Centre Kurchatov Institute. Since the beginning she is actively involved plasma physics in research on the tokamak line of Magnetic confinement fusion.

Selected work Razumova is best known for her early experimental research in the tokamak line.

Inspired by the theoretical work of Vitaly Shafranov, she developed a macroscopically stable plasma in the tokamak TM-2 in 1963., opening the way to a world-wide shift of the nuclear fusion programme towards the tokamak line. Experiments carried out by her at this tokamak, along with results obtained on the T-3 and T-4 tokamaks, convinced the scientific community that the pessimistic forecasts for the future of magnetic confinement based on the Bohm formula were unfounded. In 1971, she was awarded the USSR State Prize for creating and investigating high temperature thermonuclear plasmas in tokamaks. Her work contributed to the very fast development of the tokamak line in the 1970s. Razumova was a pioneer on the study of MHD instabilities and disruptions in tokamaks. In 1962, she and her colleagues were the first to observe the disruption instability in a tokamak. Razumova was the first to implement a method to measure the plasma energy based on the diamagnetic effect, still in use these days. With V. Alikaev, she demonstrated plasma heating by Electron Cyclotron in the TM-3 tokamak. Her team also investigated runaway electrons in tokamaks. Since the mid 1980s her interest has shifted to investigation on plasma transport, in particular to the study of profile consistency and plasma self-organization.

Honours and awards 1971 - USSR State Prize for the "Realisation and investigation of high-temperature thermonuclear plasmas in Tokamaks" 1974 - I.V.Kurchatov Prize 1983 - USSR State Prize for her contributions to "The development of high power gyrotrons and their applications in thermonuclear research" 1984 - I.V.Kurchatov Prize 1992 - L.A.Artsimovich Prize for her contributions to "The physics of heating and current drive by electron cyclotron waves" 2006 - Honorable Silver Badge of the Global Energy Prize 2017 - The Hannes Alfvén Prize of the European Physical Society in 2017

References

External links

Publications by Ksenia Aleksandrovna Razumova at ResearchGate

Illustrations

Ksenia Aleksandrovna Razumova: From left to right: S.V.Mirnov, E.P.Gorbunov, A.M.Us, V.S.Strelkov, L.A.Artsimovitch, K.A.Razumova, A.K.Spiridonov, V.S.Mukhovatov, V.D.Shafranov and D.P.Ivanov – awarded the State Prize of the USSR in 1971, in front of the T-4 tokamak, as shown in J. Plasma Phys. (2016), vol. 82, 515820102, with the permission of Cambridge University Press. — From left to right: S.V.Mirnov, E.P.Gorbunov, A.M.Us, V.S.Strelkov, L.A.Artsimovitch, K.A.Razumova, A.K.Spiridonov, V.S.Mukhovatov, V.D.Shafranov and D.P.Ivanov – awarded the State Prize of the USSR in 1971, in front of the T-4 tokamak, as shown in J. Plasma Phys. (2016), vol. 82, 515820102, with the permission of Cambridge University Press.

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Ksenia Aleksandrovna Razumova

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Ksenia Aleksandrovna Razumova claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In physics, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Ksenia Aleksandrovna Razumova before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Ksenia Aleksandrovna Razumova ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Ksenia Aleksandrovna Razumova

In research: Ksenia Aleksandrovna Razumova appears in physics research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Ksenia Aleksandrovna Razumova in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Ksenia Aleksandrovna Razumova is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1931 births, 20th-century Russian physicists, 21st-century Russian physicists, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Ksenia Aleksandrovna Razumova outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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Frequently asked questions

What is Ksenia Aleksandrovna Razumova in simple terms?

Why does Ksenia Aleksandrovna Razumova matter?

Because it connects several physics ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Ksenia Aleksandrovna Razumova?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Ksenia Aleksandrovna Razumova.