engineering

Lawrence Rabiner

Lawrence Rabiner is a engineering topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Lawrence Rabiner rather than just read about it. In short: Lawrence R. Rabiner (born 28 September 1943) is an American electrical engineer.

Key takeaways

Lawrence Rabiner belongs to engineering; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Lawrence Rabiner to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Lawrence Rabiner from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Lawrence R. Rabiner (born 28 September 1943) is an American electrical engineer. He worked in the fields of digital signal processing and speech processing, in particular in digital signal processing for automatic speech recognition. He worked on systems for AT&T Corporation for speech recognition. He is a Professor Emeritus of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of California, Santa Barbara and Distinguished Professor Emeritus at Rutgers University.

Education S.B. in electrical engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1964 S.M. in electrical engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1964 Ph.D. in electrical engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1967

Research interests Digital signal processing Speech processing Multimodal user interfaces Multimedia communications Shared collaboration systems for tele-collaboration

Life Rabiner was born in Brooklyn, New York, in 1943. During his studies at MIT, he participated in the cooperative program at AT&T Bell Laboratories, during which he worked on digital circuit design and binaural hearing. After obtaining his PhD in 1967, he joined AT&T Bell Laboratories' research division in Murray Hill, NJ as a member of technical staff. He was promoted to supervisor in 1972, department head in 1985, director in 1990, and functional vice-president in 1995. He joined the newly created AT&T Labs - Research in 1996 as director of the Speech and Image Processing Services Research Laboratory. He was promoted vice-president of Research in 1998, succeeding Sandy Fraser, where he managed broad programs in communication, computing, and information sciences. He retired from AT&T in 2002 and joined the department of electrical engineering at Rutgers University, with a joint appointment at the University of California, Santa Barbara. Rabiner pioneered a range of novel algorithms for digital filtering and digital spectrum analysis. The most well known of these algorithms are the chirp z-transform method (CZT) of spectral analysis, a range of optimal finite impulse response (FIR) digital filter design methods based on linear programming and Chebyshev approximation methods, and a class of decimation/interpolation methods for digital sampling rate conversion. In the area of speech processing, Rabiner has made contributions to the fields of pitch detection, speech synthesis and speech recognition. Rabiner built one of the first digital speech synthesizers that was able to convert arbitrary text to intelligible speech. In the area of speech recognition, Rabiner was a major contributor to the creation of the statistical method of representing speech that is known as hidden Markov modeling (HMM). Rabiner was the first to publish the scaling algorithm for the Forward–Backward method of training of HMM recognizers. His research showed how to successfully implement an HMM system based on either discrete or continuous density parameter distributions. His tutorial paper on HMM is highly cited. Rabiner's research resulted in a series of speech recognition systems that went into deployment by AT&T to enable automation of a range of ‘operator services’ that previously had been carried out using live operators. One such system, called the Voice Recognition Call Processing (VRCP) system, automated a small vocabulary recognition system (5 active words) with word spotting and barge-in capability. It resulted in savings of several hundred millions of dollars annually for AT&T.

Awards and recognitions Acoustical Society of America (ASA) Fellow, 1970 Paper Award of IEEE Group on Audio and Electroacoustics, 1971 Eta Kappa Nu Outstanding Young Electrical Engineer Award – Honorable Mention, 1972 ASA Biennial Award, 1974 IEEE Fellow, 1976 IEEE ASSP Achievement Award, 1978 IEEE Emanuel R. Piore Award, 1980 (with Ronald W. Schafer) IEEE ASSP Society Award, 1980 Election to National Academy of Engineering, 1983 IEEE Centennial Award, 1984 AT&T Bell Laboratories Fellow, 1989 Election to National Academy of Sciences, 1990 Speech Processing Magazine Award of the IEEE, 1994 AT&T Patent Award, 1995 AT&T Fellow Award, 1996 IEEE Millennium Medal, 1999 IEEE Jack S. Kilby Signal Processing Medal, 1999

Selected publications "Digital Speech Processing", B. H. Juang, M. M. Sondhi, and L. R. Rabiner, Encyclopedia of Physical Science and Technology, Third Edition, Volume 4, pp. 485–500, 2002 Speech and Language Processing for Next-Millennium Communications Services, R. V. Cox, C. A. Kamm, L. R. Rabiner, J. Schroeter, and J. G. Wilpon, Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol. 88, No. 8, pp. 1314–1337, August 2000 Image and Video Coding-Emerging Standards and Beyond, B. G. Haskell, P. G. Howard, Y. A. LeCun, A. Puri, J. Ostermann, M. R. Civanlar, L. R. Rabiner, L. Bottou, and P. Haffner, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology, Vol. 8, No. 7, pp. 814–837, November 1998 On the Applications of Multimedia Processing to Communications, R. V. Cox, B. G. Haskell, Y. LeCun, B. Shahraray, and L. R. Rabiner, Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol. 86, No. 5, pp. 755–824, May 1998 "The Role of Speech Processing in Human-Computer Intelligent Communication", C. A. Kamm, M. Walker, and L. R. Rabiner, Speech Communication Vol. 23, pp. 263–278, 1997 Fundamentals of Speech Recognition, L. R. Rabiner and B. H. Juang, Prentice-Hall, ISBN 0130151572, 1993

References

External links Lawrence Rabiner's home page at Rutgers (archive of April 2012) Lawrence Rabiner's home page at UCSB

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Lawrence Rabiner

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Lawrence Rabiner claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In engineering, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Lawrence Rabiner before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Lawrence Rabiner ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Lawrence Rabiner

In research: Lawrence Rabiner appears in engineering research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Lawrence Rabiner in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Lawrence Rabiner is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1943 births, 20th-century American engineers, 21st-century American engineers, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Lawrence Rabiner outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Lawrence Rabiner in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Lawrence Rabiner means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
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Frequently asked questions

What is Lawrence Rabiner in simple terms?

Lawrence R. Rabiner (born 28 September 1943) is an American electrical engineer.

Why does Lawrence Rabiner matter?

Because it connects several engineering ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Lawrence Rabiner?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Lawrence Rabiner.