engineering

Licodione synthase

Licodione synthase is a engineering topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Licodione synthase rather than just read about it. In short: In enzymology, a licodione synthase (EC 1.14.13.87) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction liquiritigenin + NADPH + H+ + O2 ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } licodione + NADP+ + H2O The 4 substrates of this enzyme are liquiritigenin, NADPH, H+, and O2. Its 3 products are licodione, NADP+, and H2O.

Key takeaways

Licodione synthase belongs to engineering; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Licodione synthase to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Licodione synthase from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

In enzymology, a licodione synthase (EC 1.14.13.87) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

liquiritigenin + NADPH + H+ + O2 ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } licodione + NADP+ + H2O The 4 substrates of this enzyme are liquiritigenin, NADPH, H+, and O2. Its 3 products are licodione, NADP+, and H2O. This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on paired donors, with O2 as oxidant and incorporation or reduction of oxygen. The oxygen incorporated need not be derived from O2 with NADH or NADPH as one donor, and incorporation of one atom O oxygen into the other donor. The systematic name of this enzyme class is liquiritigenin,NADPH:oxygen oxidoreductase (licodione-forming).

References

Otani K, Takahashi T, Furuya T, Ayabe S (1994). "Licodione Synthase, a Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenase Catalyzing 2-Hydroxylation of 5-Deoxyflavanone, in Cultured Glycyrrhiza echinata L. Cells". Plant Physiol. 105 (4): 1427–1432. doi:10.1104/pp.105.4.1427. PMC 159476. PMID 12232298. Akashi T, Aoki T, Ayabe S (1998). "Identification of a cytochrome P450 cDNA encoding (2S)-flavanone 2-hydroxylase of licorice (Glycyrrhiza echinata L.; Fabaceae) which represents licodione synthase and flavone synthase II". FEBS Lett. 431 (2): 287–90. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(98)00781-9. PMID 9708921.

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Licodione synthase

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Licodione synthase claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In engineering, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Licodione synthase before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Licodione synthase ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Licodione synthase

In research: Licodione synthase appears in engineering research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Licodione synthase in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Licodione synthase is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics EC 1.14.13, EC 1.14.13 stubs, Enzymes of unknown structure, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Licodione synthase outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Licodione synthase in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Licodione synthase means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Licodione synthase out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Licodione synthase in simple terms?

In enzymology, a licodione synthase (EC 1.14.13.87) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction liquiritigenin + NADPH + H+ + O2 ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } licodione + NADP+ + H2O The 4 substrates of this enzyme are liquiritigenin, NADPH, H+, and O2. Its 3 products are licodione, N…

Why does Licodione synthase matter?

Because it connects several engineering ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Licodione synthase?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Licodione synthase.