earth science

Lindgrenite

Lindgrenite is a earth science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Lindgrenite rather than just read about it. In short: Lindgrenite is an uncommon copper molybdate mineral with formula: Cu3(MoO4)2(OH)2. It occurs as tabular to platey monoclinic green to yellow green crystals.

Key takeaways

Lindgrenite belongs to earth science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Lindgrenite to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Lindgrenite from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Lindgrenite is an uncommon copper molybdate mineral with formula: Cu3(MoO4)2(OH)2. It occurs as tabular to platey monoclinic green to yellow green crystals.

Discovery and occurrence It was first described in 1935 for an occurrence in the Chuquicamata Mine, Antofagasta, Chile, and named for Swedish–American economic geologist Waldemar Lindgren (1860–1939) of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Lindgrenite occurs in the oxidized portions of copper–molybdenum bearing sulfide ore deposits. Associated minerals include antlerite, molybdenite, powellite, brochantite, chrysocolla, iron oxides and quartz.

References

Further reading Calvert, L. D.; Barnes, W. H. (1957). "The structure of Lindgrenite". Can Mineral. 6 (1): 31–51. Xu, Jiasheng; Xue, Dongfeng (2007). "Hydrothermal synthesis of lindgrenite with a hollow and prickly sphere-like architecture". Journal of Solid State Chemistry. 180 (1): 119–126. Bibcode:2007JSSCh.180..119X. doi:10.1016/j.jssc.2006.09.030. Vilminot, Serge; André, Gilles; Richard-Plouet, Mireille; Bourée-Vigneron, Françoise; Kurmoo, Mohamedally (2006). "Magnetic Structure and Magnetic Properties of Synthetic Lindgrenite, Cu3(OH)2(MoO4)2". Inorganic Chemistry. 45 (26): 10938–46. doi:10.1021/ic061182m. PMID 17173452. Frost, Ray L.; Duong, Loc; Weier, Matt (2004). "Raman microscopy of the molybdate minerals koechlinite, iriginite and lindgrenite" (PDF). Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie - Abhandlungen. 180 (3): 245. Bibcode:2004NJMA..180..245F. doi:10.1127/0077-7757/2004/0180-0245. Kingsbury, Arthur W. G. (1955). "On the Occurrence of the Rare Copper Molybdate, Lindgrenite, at Brandy Gill, Carrock Fell, Cumberland". Mineralogical Magazine. 30 (230): 723–726. Bibcode:1955MinM...30..723K. doi:10.1180/minmag.1955.030.230.06. Bao, R; Kong, Z; Gu, M; Yue, B; Weng, L; He, H (2006). "Hydrothermal Synthesis and Thermal Stability of Natural Mineral Lindgrenite1". Chemical Research in Chinese Universities. 22 (6): 679. doi:10.1016/S1005-9040(06)60189-X. Barnes, W. H. "The unit cell and space group of lindgrenite" (PDF). {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help) Miyazaki, Iyo; Ohori, Shinji; Kishi, Shigetomo; Kobayashi, Shoichi; Kusachi, Isao (2002). "Lindgrenite from the Sansei mine, Nara Prefecture, Japan". Journal of Mineralogical and Petrological Sciences. 97 (4): 207. Bibcode:2002JMPeS..97..207M. doi:10.2465/jmps.97.207.

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Lindgrenite

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Lindgrenite claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In earth science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Lindgrenite before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Lindgrenite ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Lindgrenite

In research: Lindgrenite appears in earth science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Lindgrenite in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Lindgrenite is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Copper(II) minerals, Hydroxide minerals, Minerals described in 1935, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Lindgrenite outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Lindgrenite in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Lindgrenite means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Lindgrenite out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Lindgrenite in simple terms?

Lindgrenite is an uncommon copper molybdate mineral with formula: Cu3(MoO4)2(OH)2. It occurs as tabular to platey monoclinic green to yellow green crystals.

Why does Lindgrenite matter?

Because it connects several earth science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Lindgrenite?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Lindgrenite.