science

List of Bantu languages

List of Bantu languages is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand List of Bantu languages rather than just read about it. In short: Following is a list of Bantu languages as interpreted by Harald Hammarström, and following the Guthrie classification. See also Bantu languages Guthrie classification of Bantu languages Classification of Pygmy languages List of endangered languages in Africa References External links Guthrie's 1948 classification, in detail, with each language numbered Maho 2009.

Key takeaways

List of Bantu languages belongs to science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect List of Bantu languages to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of List of Bantu languages from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Following is a list of Bantu languages as interpreted by Harald Hammarström, and following the Guthrie classification.

See also Bantu languages Guthrie classification of Bantu languages Classification of Pygmy languages List of endangered languages in Africa

References

External links Guthrie's 1948 classification, in detail, with each language numbered Maho 2009. Guthrie 1971, in detail, with subsequent additions, corrections, and corresponding ISO codes as of Ethnologue 15. Coding conventions are explained in Nurse & Philippson (2003). They are (with invented examples): A capital letter is added for an additional dialect of an existing language. That is, A15C would be a dialect of language A15 in addition to Guthrie's dialects A15a and A15b. A third digit is added for an additional language. If its closest relative can be identified, the digit is added to that code. That is, A151 would be a non-Guthrie language closest to Guthrie's A15. If a close relative has not been identified, the digit is added to the decade code. That is, A101 would be a language geographically in group A10, but not particularly close to any of Guthrie's A10 languages, or not known well enough to further classify. Pidgins and creoles are indicated by adding a capital letter to the decade code. That is, A10A would be a pidgin or creole based on a language in group A10.

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with List of Bantu languages

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what List of Bantu languages claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to List of Bantu languages before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about List of Bantu languages ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of List of Bantu languages

In research: List of Bantu languages appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses List of Bantu languages in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: List of Bantu languages is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Bantu languages, Classification of African languages, Lists of languages, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for List of Bantu languages outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study List of Bantu languages in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what List of Bantu languages means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain List of Bantu languages out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is List of Bantu languages in simple terms?

Following is a list of Bantu languages as interpreted by Harald Hammarström, and following the Guthrie classification. See also Bantu languages Guthrie classification of Bantu languages Classification of Pygmy languages List of endangered languages in Africa References External links Guthrie's 1948…

Why does List of Bantu languages matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study List of Bantu languages?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on List of Bantu languages.