biology

List of Salvia species

List of Salvia species is a biology topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand List of Salvia species rather than just read about it. In short: Salvia is the largest genus of plants in the family Lamiaceae, with the number of species estimated to range from 700 to nearly 3,000. Members include shrubs, herbaceous perennials, and annuals.

Key takeaways

List of Salvia species belongs to biology; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect List of Salvia species to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of List of Salvia species from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Salvia is the largest genus of plants in the family Lamiaceae, with the number of species estimated to range from 700 to nearly 3,000. Members include shrubs, herbaceous perennials, and annuals. There are three main regions of radiation of Salvia:

Central and South America and Middle America and Mesoamerica, Latin America and with Africa-Eurasia and North America, (America), with approximately 600 species; North-Northern, Central and West-Western Asia and the Mediterranean with approx. 250 species; East-Eastern and South-Southern Asia and Australia and Oceania with approximately 90 species. The naming of distinct Salvia species has undergone regular revision, with many species being renamed, merged, and reclassified over the years. Salvia officinalis (common sage), for example, has been cultivated for thousands of years, yet has been named and described under six different scientific names since 1940 alone. At one time there were over 2,000 named species and subspecies. A revision in 1988 by Gabriel Alziar of the Jardin botanique de la Ville de Nice consolidated the number of different species to approximately 700. As new discoveries are made, the taxonomic list of Salvia species will continue to change. The first significant accounting of the genus was done by George Bentham in 1832–1836, based on a similarity in staminal morphology between Salvia members. His work, Labiatarum Genera et Species (1836), is still the most comprehensive organization of Salvia. Even though there were only 291 species at that time, he still considered the possibility of forming five or six genera, due to differences between certain groups of Salvia. Bentham eventually organized the genus into four subgenera and twelve sections, based on differences in the corolla, calyx, and stamens. In the last 100 years, that system of organization is generally not endorsed by botanists. The classification of Salvia has long been based on the genus' unusual pollination and stamen structure, which was presumed to have evolved only once. More recently, a study using DNA sequencing of Salvia species has shown that different versions of this lever mechanism have evolved at least three different times within Salvia. This clearly makes the genus non-monophyletic, which means that members of the genus have evolved from different ancestors, rather than sharing one common ancestor. The DNA analysis has shown that the genus may consist of as many as three different clades, or branches. The study concluded that Salvia is not a natural genus—some of its branches have a closer relationship to other genera in the tribe Mentheae than to other Salvia species. As of May 2024, Plants of the World Online accepted 1024 species, listed below.

Salvia abrotanoides (Kar.) Sytsma Salvia absconditiflora Greuter & Burdet Salvia acerifolia B.L.Turner Salvia acuminata Ruiz & Pav. Salvia adenocaulon P.H.Davis Salvia adenophora Fernald Salvia adenophylla Hedge & Hub.-Mor. Salvia adiantifolia E.Peter Salvia adiyamanensis İlçim & Tel Salvia adoxoides C.Y.Wu Salvia aegyptiaca L. Salvia aequidens Botsch. Salvia aequidistans Fernald Salvia aerea H.Lév. Salvia aethiopis L. Salvia africana L. Salvia agnes Epling Salvia akiensis A.Takano, Sera & N.Kurosaki Salvia alamosana Rose Salvia alata Epling Salvia albicalyx J.G.González Salvia albicaulis Benth. Salvia albiflora M.Martens & Galeotti Salvia albimaculata Hedge & Hub.-Mor. Salvia albiterrarum J.G.González & Art.Castro Salvia albocaerulea Linden Salvia alborosea Epling & Játiva Salvia alexeenkoi Pobed. Salvia algeriensis Desf. Salvia ali-askaryi S.A.Ahmad Salvia aliciae E.P.Santos Salvia altimitrata Epling Salvia altissima Pohl Salvia alvajaca Oerst. Salvia amethystina Sm. Salvia amissa Epling Salvia amplexicaulis Lam. Salvia amplicalyx E.Peter Salvia amplifrons Briq. Salvia anastomosans Ramamoorthy Salvia anatolica Hamzaoglu & A.Duran Salvia andreji Pobed. Salvia anguicoma Epling Salvia angulata Benth. Salvia angustiarum Epling Salvia apiana Jeps. Salvia apparicii Brade & Barb.Per. Salvia appendiculata E.Peter Salvia arabica Al-Musawi & Weinert Salvia aramiensis Rech.f. Salvia arborescens Urb. & Ekman Salvia arduinervis Urb. & Ekman Salvia arenaria A.St.-Hil. ex Benth. Salvia areolata Epling Salvia areysiana Deflers Salvia argentea L. Salvia ariana Hedge Salvia aridicola Briq. Salvia aristata Aucher ex Benth. Salvia arizonica A.Gray Salvia arthrocoma Fernald Salvia articulata Epling Salvia aspera M.Martens & Galeotti Salvia asperata Falc. ex Benth. Salvia assurgens Kunth Salvia atrocalyx Epling Salvia atrocyanea Epling Salvia atropaenulata Epling Salvia atropatana Bunge Salvia atropurpurea C.Y.Wu Salvia atrorubra C.Y.Wu Salvia aucheri Benth. Salvia aurea L. Salvia aurita L.f. Salvia austriaca Jacq. Salvia austromelissodora Epling & Játiva Salvia axillaris Moc. & Sessé ex Benth. Salvia axilliflora Epling Salvia ayavazensis Kunth Salvia ayecarrenoae Mart.Gord., Fragoso & de Santiago Salvia aytachii Vural & Adigüzel Salvia azurea Michx. ex Vahl

Salvia bahorucona Urb. & Ekman Salvia baimaensis S.W.Su & Z.A.Shen Salvia balansae Noë ex Coss. Salvia balaustina Pohl Salvia baldshuanica Lipsky Salvia ballotiflora Benth. Salvia ballsiana (Rech.f.) Hedge Salvia bariensis Thulin Salvia barrelieri Etl. Salvia bazmanica Rech.f. & Esfand. Salvia beckeri Trautv. Salvia beltraniorum J.G.González, Pío-León & Art.Castro Salvia benthamiana Gardner ex Fielding Salvia betulifolia Epling Salvia bifidocalyx C.Y.Wu & Y.C.Huang Salvia biserrata M.Martens & Galeotti Salvia blancoana Webb & Heldr. Salvia blepharochlaena Hedge & Hub.-Mor. Salvia blepharophylla Brandegee ex Epling Salvia boegei Ramamoorthy Salvia bogotensis Benth. Salvia booleana B.L.Turner Salvia bowleyana Dunn Salvia brachyantha (Bordz.) Pobed. Salvia brachyloba Urb. Salvia brachyloma E.Peter Salvia brachyodon Vandas Salvia brachyodonta Briq. Salvia brachyphylla Urb. Salvia bracteata Banks & Sol. Salvia brandegeei Munz Salvia breviconnectivata Y.Z.Sun ex C.Y.Wu Salvia breviflora Moc. & Sessé ex Benth. Salvia brevilabra Franch. Salvia brevipes Benth. Salvia broussonetii Benth. Salvia buchananii Hedge Salvia bucharica Popov Salvia buchii Urb. Salvia bulleyana Diels Salvia bullulata Benth. Salvia bungei J.G.González Salvia bupleuroides C.Presl ex Benth.

… excerpt ends here. Continue reading the full article.

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with List of Salvia species

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what List of Salvia species claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In biology, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to List of Salvia species before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about List of Salvia species ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of List of Salvia species

In research: List of Salvia species appears in biology research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses List of Salvia species in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: List of Salvia species is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Lists of plant species, Salvia, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for List of Salvia species outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study List of Salvia species in 20 minutes

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Frequently asked questions

What is List of Salvia species in simple terms?

Salvia is the largest genus of plants in the family Lamiaceae, with the number of species estimated to range from 700 to nearly 3,000. Members include shrubs, herbaceous perennials, and annuals.

Why does List of Salvia species matter?

Because it connects several biology ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study List of Salvia species?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on List of Salvia species.