science

List of Southern African indigenous trees and woody lianes

List of Southern African indigenous trees and woody lianes is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand List of Southern African indigenous trees and woody lianes rather than just read about it. In short: This is a list of Southern African trees, shrubs, suffrutices, geoxyles and lianes, and is intended to cover Angola, Botswana, Eswatini, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Zambia and Zimbabwe. The notion of 'indigenous' is of necessity a blurred concept, and is clearly a function of both time and political boundaries.

Key takeaways

List of Southern African indigenous trees and woody lianes belongs to science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect List of Southern African indigenous trees and woody lianes to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of List of Southern African indigenous trees and woody lianes from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

This is a list of Southern African trees, shrubs, suffrutices, geoxyles and lianes, and is intended to cover Angola, Botswana, Eswatini, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Zambia and Zimbabwe. The notion of 'indigenous' is of necessity a blurred concept, and is clearly a function of both time and political boundaries. The global distribution of plants useful to humans, or inadvertently transported by them, is closely linked to a mapping of their journeys and settlements, and the movement of species in prehistoric times must be inferred from archaeological and palaeontological remains, centers of diversity, DNA samples and other sources.

Cyatheaceae Cyathea capensis (L.f.) J.E. Sm. (Hemitelia capensis Kaulf.) Cyathea dregei Kunze (Alsophila dregei (Kunze) R.M. Tryon) Cyathea manniana Hook. Alsophila thomsonii (Baker) R.M. Tryon (Cyathea thomsonii Baker)

Blechnaceae Lomariocycas tabularis (Thunb.) Kuhn

Cycadaceae Cycas thouarsii R.Br.

Zamiaceae

Encephalartos aemulans Vorster Encephalartos altensteinii Lehm. Encephalartos cupidus R.A. Dyer Encephalartos dolomiticus Lavranos & D.L. Goode Encephalartos eugene-maraisii Verdoorn Encephalartos ferox Bertol.f. Encephalartos friderici-guilielmi Lehm. Encephalartos ghellinckii Lem. Encephalartos heenanii R.A. Dyer Encephalartos hirsutus P.J.H.Hurter Encephalartos humilis Verdoorn Encephalartos inopinus R.A. Dyer Encephalartos lanatus Stapf & Burtt Davy Encephalartos laevifolius Stapf & Burtt Davy Encephalartos latifrons Lehm. Encephalartos lebomboensis Verdoorn Encephalartos lehmannii Lehm. Encephalartos longifolius (Jacq.) Lehm. Encephalartos manikensis (Gilliland) Gilliland Encephalartos middelburgensis Vorster, Robbertse & S.van der Westh. Encephalartos natalensis R.A. Dyer & Verdoorn Encephalartos paucidentatus Stapf & Burtt Davy Encephalartos princeps R.A. Dyer Encephalartos schmitzii Malaisse Encephalartos transvenosus Stapf & Burtt Davy Encephalartos umbeluziensis R.A. Dyer Encephalartos villosus Lem. Encephalartos woodii Sander

Podocarpaceae

Afrocarpus falcatus (Thunb.) C.N.Page Podocarpus elongatus L'Herit. ex Pers. Podocarpus henkelii Stapf ex Dallim. & Jacks. Podocarpus latifolius (Thunb.) R.Br. ex Mirb. Podocarpus milanjianus Rendle

Cupressaceae Widdringtonia nodiflora (L.) Powrie (Widdringtonia cupressoides (L.) Endl.) Widdringtonia schwarzii (Marloth) Mast. Widdringtonia wallichii Endl. ex Carrière (Widdringtonia cedarbergensis J.A.Marsh) Widdringtonia whytei Rendle Juniperus procera Hochst. ex Endl.

Welwitschiaceae Welwitschia mirabilis Hook.f. (Welwitschia bainesii (Hook.f.) Carr.)

Poaceae Thamnocalamus tessellatus (Nees) Soderstrom & R.P.Ellis (Arundinaria tessellata) Oreobambos buchwaldii K.Schum. Oxytenanthera abyssinica (A.Rich.) Munro

Pandanaceae Pandanus livingstonianus Rendle

Arecaceae Phoenix reclinata Jacq. Hyphaene coriacea Gaertn. (Hyphaene natalensis Kunze, Hyphaene crinita) Hyphaene petersiana Klotzsch ex Mart. (Hyphaene benguelensis Welw. ex H.Wendl.) (Hyphaene ventricosa J.Kirk) Borassus aethiopum Mart. Raphia australis Oberm. & Strey Raphia farinifera (Gaertn.) Hyl. Jubaeopsis afra Becc.

Araceae Culcasia scandens P.Beauv.

Flagellariaceae Flagellaria guineensis Schumach.

Asphodelaceae

Aloe africana Mill. Aloe alooides (H. Bol.) V. Druten Aloe angelica Pole-Evans Aloe arborescens Mill. (Aloe mutabilis Pillans) Aloe cameronii Hemsl. Aloe castanea Schonl. Aloe comosa Marloth & Berger Aloe dolomitica Groenewald Aloe excelsa Berger Aloe ferox Mill. (Aloe candelabrum Berger) Aloe khamiensis Pillans Aloe littoralis Bak. Aloe marlothii Berger (Aloe spectabilis Reynolds) Aloe munchii Christian Aloe pearsonii Schönland Aloe pluridens Haw. Aloe pretoriensis Pole-Evans Aloe rupestris Bak. Aloe sessiliflora Pole-Evans Aloe speciosa Bak. Aloe spectabilis Reynolds Aloe thraskii Bak. Aloidendron barberae (Dyer) Klopper & Gideon F.Sm. (Aloe barberae Dyer, Aloe bainesii Dyer) Aloidendron dichotomum (Masson) Klopper & Gideon F.Sm. Aloidendron pillansii (L.Guthrie) Klopper & Gideon F.Sm. Aloidendron ramosissimum (Pillans) Klopper & Gideon F.Sm. Kumara plicatilis (L.) G.D.Rowley

Asparagaceae

Asparagus falcatus L. Asparagus longicladus N.E.Br. Dracaena aletriformis (Haw.) Bos (Dracaena hookeriana K. Koch) Dracaena camerooniana Baker Dracaena laxissima Engl. Dracaena mannii Bak. (Dracaena usambarensis Engl., Dracaena reflexa var. nitens (Welw. ex Baker) Baker) Dracaena reflexa Lam. Dracaena steudneri Engl. Dracaena transvaalensis Baker

Philesiaceae Behnia reticulata (Thunb.) Didr.

Smilacaceae Smilax anceps Willd. (Smilax kraussiana Meisn.)

Velloziaceae

Xerophyta clavata Bak. Xerophyta equisetoides Baker Xerophyta retinervis Bak. var. equisetoides (Bak.) Xerophyta retinervis Bak. var. retinervis Xerophyta villosa (Bak.) Dur. & Schinz

Musaceae Ensete ventricosum (Welw.) E.E. Cheesm. Strelitzia alba (L.f.) Skeels Strelitzia caudata R.A. Dyer Strelitzia nicolai Regel & Koern.

Piperaceae Piper capense L.f. Piper guineense Schumach. & Thonn.

Salicaceae Salix hirsuta Thunb. Salix mucronata Thunb. subsp. capensis (Thunb.) Immelman (Salix capensis Thunb.) Salix wilmsii Seemen Salix woodii Seemen Oncoba bukobensis (Gilg) S. Hul & Breteler (Lindackeria bukobensis Gilg) Oncoba spinosa Forsk. Scolopia flanaganii (H. Bol.) Sim Scolopia mundii (Eckl. & Zeyh.) Warb. Scolopia oreophila (Sleumer) Killick Scolopia stolzii Gilg Scolopia zeyheri (Nees) Harv. Pseudoscolopia polyantha Gilg Homalium abdessammadii Aschers. & Schweinf. Homalium chasei Wild Homalium dentatum (Harv.) Warb. Homalium rufescens Benth. Bivinia jalbertii Tul. Trimeria grandifolia (Hochst.) Warb. Trimeria trinervis Harv. Ludia mauritiana J.F. Gmel. Flacourtia indica (Burm.f.) Merr. Dovyalis afra (Hook.f. & Harv.) Hook.f. Dovyalis hispidula Wild Dovyalis longspina (Harv.) Warb. Dovyalis lucida Sim Dovyalis macrocalyx (Oliv.) Warb. Dovyalis rhamnoides (Burch. ex DC.) Harv. Dovyalis rotundifolia (Thunb.) Harv. Dovyalis xanthocarpa Bullock Dovyalis zeyheri (Sond.) Warb. Casearia battiscombei R.E.Fr. Casearia gladiiformis Mast.

Myricaceae Myrica conifera Burm.f. Morella brevifolia (E. Mey. ex C. DC.) Killick Morella integra (A. Chev.) Killick (Myrica integra (A. Chev.) Killick) Morella microbracteata (Weim.) Verdc. & Polhill Morella pilulifera (Rendle) Killick (Myrica pilulifera Rendle) Morella salicifolia (Hochst. ex A. Rich.) Verdc. & Polhill (Myrica salicifolia Hochst. ex A. Rich.) Morella serrata (Lam.) Killick (Myrica serrata Lam.)

… excerpt ends here. Continue reading the full article.

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with List of Southern African indigenous trees and woody lianes

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what List of Southern African indigenous trees and woody lianes claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to List of Southern African indigenous trees and woody lianes before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about List of Southern African indigenous trees and woody lianes ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of List of Southern African indigenous trees and woody lianes

In research: List of Southern African indigenous trees and woody lianes appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses List of Southern African indigenous trees and woody lianes in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: List of Southern African indigenous trees and woody lianes is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Creepers of South Africa, Flora of South Tropical Africa, Flora of Southern Africa, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for List of Southern African indigenous trees and woody lianes outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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Frequently asked questions

What is List of Southern African indigenous trees and woody lianes in simple terms?

Why does List of Southern African indigenous trees and woody lianes matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study List of Southern African indigenous trees and woody lianes?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

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