biology

List of cingulates

List of cingulates is a biology topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand List of cingulates rather than just read about it. In short: Cingulata is an order of armored placental mammals. Members of this order are called cingulates, or colloquially, armadillos.

Key takeaways

List of cingulates belongs to biology; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect List of cingulates to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of List of cingulates from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Cingulata is an order of armored placental mammals. Members of this order are called cingulates, or colloquially, armadillos. They are primarily found in South America, though the northern naked-tailed armadillo is found mainly in Central America and the nine-banded armadillo has a range extending into North America. They are generally found in forests, but also savannas, shrublands, and grasslands. They all follow a similar body plan, and range in size from the pink fairy armadillo, at 11 cm (4 in) plus a 2 cm (1 in) tail, to the giant armadillo, at 100 cm (39 in) plus a 50 cm (20 in) tail. No population estimates have been made for any cingulate species, though the giant armadillo and the Brazilian three-banded armadillo are categorized as vulnerable species. The twenty-two extant species of Cingulata are divided into two families: Dasypodidae, containing a single genus of nine species in the subfamily Dasypodinae, and Chlamyphoridae, containing thirteen species split between the two genera in the subfamily Chlamyphorinae, three in the subfamily Euphractinae, and three in the subfamily Tolypeutinae. Prior to 2016, all four subfamilies were included in Dasypodidae, with Chlamyphoridae containing only extinct species of glyptodonts. Over one hundred extinct Cingulata species have been discovered, though due to ongoing research and discoveries the exact number and categorization is not fixed.

Conventions

The author citation for the species or genus is given after the scientific name; parentheses around the author citation indicate that this was not the original taxonomic placement. Conservation status codes listed follow the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species. Range maps are provided wherever possible; if a range map is not available, a description of the cingulate's range is provided. Ranges are based on the IUCN Red List for that species unless otherwise noted. All extinct species or subspecies listed alongside extant species went extinct after 1500 CE, and are indicated by a dagger symbol "†".

Classification

The order Cingulata consists of two families, Dasypodidae and Chlamyphoridae. Dasypodidae contains nine species in a single genus, while Chlamyphoridae contains thirteen species in eight genera, divided into three subfamilies. Many of these species are further subdivided into subspecies. This does not include hybrid species or extinct prehistoric species. Family Dasypodidae

Subfamily Dasypodinae Genus Dasypus (long-nosed armadillos): nine species Family Chlamyphoridae

Subfamily Chlamyphorinae Genus Calyptophractus (greater fairy armadillo): one species Genus Chlamyphorus (pink fairy armadillo): one species Subfamily Euphractinae Genus Chaetophractus (hairy armadillos): two species Genus Euphractus (six-banded armadillo): one species Genus Zaedyus (pichi): one species Subfamily Tolypeutinae Genus Cabassous (naked-tailed armadillos): four species Genus Priodontes (giant armadillo): one species Genus Tolypeutes (three-banded armadillos): two species

Cingulates The following classification is based on the taxonomy described by the reference work Mammal Species of the World (2005), with augmentation by generally accepted proposals made since using molecular phylogenetic analysis.

Dasypodidae

Subfamily Dasypodinae

Chlamyphoridae

Subfamily Chlamyphorinae

Subfamily Euphractinae

Subfamily Tolypeutinae

References

Sources

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with List of cingulates

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what List of cingulates claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In biology, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to List of cingulates before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about List of cingulates ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of List of cingulates

In research: List of cingulates appears in biology research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses List of cingulates in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: List of cingulates is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Cingulata, Lists of animal species, Lists of placental mammals, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for List of cingulates outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study List of cingulates in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what List of cingulates means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain List of cingulates out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is List of cingulates in simple terms?

Cingulata is an order of armored placental mammals. Members of this order are called cingulates, or colloquially, armadillos.

Why does List of cingulates matter?

Because it connects several biology ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study List of cingulates?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on List of cingulates.