science

List of estrogen esters

List of estrogen esters is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand List of estrogen esters rather than just read about it. In short: This is a list of estrogen esters, or ester prodrugs of estrogens. It includes esters, as well as ethers, of steroidal estrogens like estradiol, estrone, and estriol and of nonsteroidal estrogens like the stilbestrols diethylstilbestrol and hexestrol.

Key takeaways

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Connect List of estrogen esters to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of List of estrogen esters from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

This is a list of estrogen esters, or ester prodrugs of estrogens. It includes esters, as well as ethers, of steroidal estrogens like estradiol, estrone, and estriol and of nonsteroidal estrogens like the stilbestrols diethylstilbestrol and hexestrol.

Esters of steroidal estrogens

Estradiol esters

Marketed Many esters of estradiol have been marketed, including the following major esters:

Estradiol acetate (Femring, Femtrace, Menoring) Estradiol benzoate (Agofollin Depot, Progynon-B; Duogynon, Primosiston, Sistocyclin) Estradiol cypionate (Depo-Estradiol, Depofemin, Estradep; Cyclofem, Lunelle) Estradiol dipropionate (Agofollin, Di-Ovocyclin, Progynon-DP; EP Hormone Depot) Estradiol enanthate (Perlutal, Topasel, Unalmes, Yectames) Estradiol undecylate (Delestrec, Progynon Depot) Estradiol valerate (Delestrogen, Progynon Depot, Progynova; Gravibinon, Mesigyna, Mesygest; Neofollin) Polyestradiol phosphate (Estradurin) (an estradiol ester in polymeric form) And the following less commonly used esters:

Cloxestradiol acetate (Genovul; diacetate ester of cloxestradiol, or estradiol 17β-chloral hemiacetal ether) Estradiol benzoate butyrate (Redimen, Soluna, Unijab, Unimens) Estradiol butyrylacetate (Follikoside) Estradiol dibutyrate (Triormon Depositum) Estradiol dienantate (Climacteron, Lactimex, Lactostat) Estradiol diundecylate (Estrolent; Trioestrine Retard) Estradiol diundecylenate (Etrosteron) Estradiol furoate (Di-Folliculine) Estradiol hemisuccinate (Eutocol; Hosterona) Estradiol hemihydrate (Estrofem) Estradiol hexahydrobenzoate (Benzo-Ginoestril A.P., BenzoGynoestryl Retard, Ginestryl-15-Depot, Menodin, Tardoginestryl) Estradiol palmitate (Esmopal) Estradiol phenylpropionate (Dimenformon Prolongatum; Estandron Prolongatum, Lynandron Prolongatum, Mixogen) Estradiol pivalate (Estrotate; Estrotate with Progesterone) Estradiol propionate (estradiol 17β-propionate) (Acrofollin, Akrofollin, Follhormon) Estradiol propoxyphenylpropionate (Durovex) Estradiol stearate (Depofollan) Estradiol sulfate (a minor constituent of conjugated estrogens (Premarin)) The following nitrogen mustard ester of estradiol is a cytostatic antineoplastic agent and has been marketed:

Estramustine phosphate (Emcyt, Estracyt; estradiol 3-normustine 17β-phosphate)

Never marketed A number of other estradiol esters which have not been marketed include:

Estradiol 3-furoate Estradiol 3-propionate (not to be confused with estradiol monopropionate (estradiol 17β-propionate)) Estradiol 17β-(1-(4-(aminosulfonyl)benzoyl)-L-proline) (EC508) Estradiol acetate benzoate Estradiol 17β-acetate Estradiol 17β-benzoate Estradiol acetylsalicylate (estradiol 3-acetylsalicylate) Estradiol anthranilate (estradiol 3-anthranilate) Estradiol arachidonate Estradiol benzoate cyclooctenyl ether (estradiol 3-benzoate 17β-cyclooctenyl ether; EBCO) Estradiol caprylate (estradiol octanoate) Estradiol cyclooctyl acetate (E2CoA) Estradiol decanoate (estradiol 17β-decanoate) Estradiol diacetate Estradiol dibenzoate Estradiol dicypionate Estradiol dioleate Estradiol dipalmitate Estradiol distearate Estradiol disulfate Estradiol glucuronide Estradiol sulfate glucuronide Estradiol linoleate Estradiol oleate Estradiol phosphate Estradiol salicylate (estradiol 3-salicylate) Estradiol sulfamate (E2MATE; J995, PGL-2, PGL-2001, ZK-190628; estradiol-3-O-sulfamate) Estradiol undecylenate (SH-368) Estrapronicate (estradiol 3-propionate 17β-nicotinate; Trophobolene, Trophoboline) Orestrate (estradiol 3-propionate 17β-(1-cyclohexenyl) ether) The following cytostatic antineoplastic nitrogen mustard esters of estradiol have not been marketed:

Alestramustine (estradiol 3-(bis(2-chloroethyl)carbamate), 17-ester with L-alanine) Atrimustine (KM-2210; bestrabucil, busramustine) Estradiol mustard (NSC-112259; chlorphenacyl estradiol diester) Estramustine (Leo 275; Ro 21-8837) Estromustine (Leo 271 f; estrone 17β-3-N-bis(2-chloroethyl)carbamate, estrone–cytostatic complex)

Estrone esters

Marketed Esters of estrone that have been marketed include:

Estrone acetate (Hovigal) Estrone sulfate (as the primary component of conjugated estrogens (Premarin)) Estropipate (Ogen, Ortho-Est) (a salt of estrone sulfate and piperazine) Estrone tetraacetylglucoside (Glucovex, Glycovex)

Never marketed Other estrone esters which are notable but have not been marketed include:

Estrone benzoate Estrone cyanate Estrone enanthate Estrone enanthate benzilic acid hydrazone Estrone glucuronide Estrone phosphate Estrone propionate Estrone sulfamate (EMATE; J994; estrone-3-O-sulfamate) Estrone oleate

Estriol esters

Marketed Esters of estriol that have been marketed include:

Estriol 3-glucuronide (as a component of conjugated estriol (Emmenin, Progynon)) Estriol acetate benzoate (Holin-Depot) Estriol glucuronide (as a component of conjugated estriol (Emmenin, Progynon)) Estriol succinate (Sinapause, Styptanon, Synapause) Estriol sodium succinate (Pausan, Styptanon) Estriol sulfate (as a component of conjugated estriol (Emmenin, Progynon)) Estriol sulfate glucuronide (as a component of conjugated estriol (Emmenin, Progynon)) Estriol tripropionate (Estriel) Polyestriol phosphate (Gynäsan, Klimadurin, Triodurin) (an estriol ester in polymeric form)

Never marketed The following ester of estriol was never marketed:

Estriol dihexanoate Estriol dipropionate Estriol phosphate (E3P) Estriol sulfamate (E3MATE; J1034; estriol-3-O-sulfamate) Estriol triacetate

Ethinylestradiol esters

Marketed The following esters of ethinylestradiol exist and have been marketed:

Ethinylestradiol sulfonate (Turisteron; ethinylestradiol 3-isopropylsulfonate)

Never marketed Ethinylestradiol benzoate – the 3-benzoate ester of ethinylestradiol Ethinylestradiol N,N-diethylsulfamate (J271) – the 3-(N,N-diethyl)sulfamate ester of ethinylestradiol Ethinylestradiol pyrrolidinosulfonate (J272) – the 3-pyrrolidinosulfonate ester of ethinylestradiol Ethinylestradiol sulfamate (J1028) – the 3-sulfamate ester of ethinylestradiol Ethinylestradiol sulfate

Esters of other steroidal estrogens

Marketed The following esters of other estrogens exist and have been marketed:

Hydroxyestrone diacetate (Colpoginon, Colpormon, Hormobion, Hormocervix) – the 3,16α-diacetate ester of 16α-hydroxyestrone

Ethers of steroidal estrogens

Marketed A number of estrogen ethers also exist and have been marketed, including:

… excerpt ends here. Continue reading the full article.

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with List of estrogen esters

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what List of estrogen esters claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to List of estrogen esters before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about List of estrogen esters ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of List of estrogen esters

In research: List of estrogen esters appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses List of estrogen esters in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: List of estrogen esters is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Estrogen esters, Estrogens, Sex hormone esters and conjugates, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for List of estrogen esters outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study List of estrogen esters in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what List of estrogen esters means in your own words.
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Frequently asked questions

What is List of estrogen esters in simple terms?

Why does List of estrogen esters matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study List of estrogen esters?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on List of estrogen esters.