science

List of former transcontinental countries

List of former transcontinental countries is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand List of former transcontinental countries rather than just read about it. In short: This is a list of transcontinental former countries, i.e. countries which covered land on two or more continents, including islands associated with a continent other than the one where the country was based. The examples below are listed in chronological order with the number of continents covered in parentheses and the country's primary continent listed first.

Key takeaways

List of former transcontinental countries belongs to science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect List of former transcontinental countries to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of List of former transcontinental countries from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

This is a list of transcontinental former countries, i.e. countries which covered land on two or more continents, including islands associated with a continent other than the one where the country was based. The examples below are listed in chronological order with the number of continents covered in parentheses and the country's primary continent listed first. When a timespan is included, it is the time period in which the country was transcontinental.

BCE Ancient Egyptian Empire (2) – Africa, Asia, Hyksos (2) – Asia, Africa (circa 1648–1540 BC) Kingdom of Kush (2) – Africa, Asia (occupied portions of Edom and Judah circa 901 BC) Sabaeans (2) – Asia, Africa Cimmerians (2) – Europe, Asia (late 8th century BC) [map] Assyria (2) – Asia, Africa (671–612 BC) [map] Neo-Babylonian Empire (2) – Asia, Africa (567–539 BC) Achaemenid Empire (3) – Asia, Europe, Africa [map] Carthage (2) – Africa, Europe Alexander the Great (3) – Europe, Asia, Africa (334–323 BC) [map] Ptolemaic Kingdom (3) – Africa, Asia, [map] Europe (at its peak) [map] Lysimachian Kingdom (2) – Europe, Asia (306–281 BC) [map] Seleucid Empire (2) – Asia, Europe (281 BC [map] and 196–191 BC [map]) Roman Empire (3) – Europe, Asia, Africa [map]

CE 1–CE 500 Sarmatians (2) – Europe, Asia [map] Kingdom of Aksum (2) – Africa, Asia[map] Himyarite Kingdom (2) – Asia, Africa Palmyrene Empire (2) – Asia, Africa (260–273) Hunnic Empire (2) – Europe, Asia [map] Byzantine Empire (3) – Europe, Asia, Africa [map] Western Roman Empire (2) – Europe, Africa (395–476) [map] Vandal Kingdom (2) – Europe, Africa [map] Ostrogoths (2) – Europe, Africa

500–1000 Sabirs (2) – Europe, Asia Sassanid Empire (2) – Asia, Africa, (618–641) [map] First Turkic Khaganate (2) – Asia, Europe Islamic Caliphate Rashidun Caliphate (2) – Asia, Africa (639–661) [map] Umayyad Caliphate (3) – Asia, Africa, Europe (661–750) [map] Abbasid Caliphate (3) – Asia, Africa, Europe (750–940) Alanian Empire (2) – Europe, Asia [map] Khazar Empire (2) – Europe, Asia Emirate of Córdoba (2) – Europe, Africa Pechenegs (2) – Europe, Asia [map] Shailendra dynasty (2) – Asia, Oceania Kingdom of Kakheti (2) – Asia, Europe Kingdom of Abkhazia (2) – Asia, Europe Aghlabid Emirate (2) – Africa, Europe (827–909) Tulunid Emirate (2) – Africa, Asia (877–904) [map] Sajid Emirate of Azerbaijan (2) – Asia, Europe Fatimid Caliphate (3) – Africa, Asia, [map] Europe [map] Rus (2) – Europe, Asia (at its peak during the Caspian expedition of 913) [map] Caliphate of Córdoba (2) – Europe, Africa Ikhshidids (2) – Africa, Asia (935–969) [map]

1000–1450 Sallarid Emirate of Azerbaijan (2) – Asia, Europe Kalbid Emirate of Sicily (2) – Europe, Africa Georgian Empire (2) – Asia, Europe [map] Almoravid Empire (2) – Africa, Europe [map] Seljuqs (2) – Asia, Europe [map] Pisa (3) – Europe, Asia, Africa [map] Kediri Empire (2) – Asia, Oceania [map] Chola Empire (2) – Asia, Oceania (at its peak circa 1050) [map] Kingdom of Sicily (2) – Europe, Africa Almohad Empire (2) – Africa, Europe Kingdom of Jerusalem (2) – Asia, Africa (1164 and 1167) [map] Ayyubid Sultanate (2) – Asia, Africa (1169–1250) [map] Shirvanshah Empire (2) – Asia, Europe Latin Empire (2) – Europe, Asia (1204–1261) [map] Venice (2) – Europe, Asia [map] Second Bulgarian Empire (2) – Europe, Asia (at its peak) [map] Khwarezmian Empire (2) – Asia, Europe (at its peak) Mongol Empire (2) – Asia, Europe [map] (largest empire of contiguous land area) Golden Horde (2) – Europe, Asia [map] Empire of Nicaea (2) – Asia, Europe [map] Mamluk Empire (2) – Africa, Asia Majapahit Empire (2) – Asia, Oceania [map] Ilkhanate (2) – Asia, Europe (1255–1335) Genoese Empire (2) – Europe, Asia[map] Aragonese Empire (2) – Europe, Africa [map][map] Marinid Sultanate (2) – Africa, Europe (1294–1344) [map] Ottoman Empire (3) – Asia, Europe, Africa [map] Buginese Empire (2) – Oceania (including northern Australia), Asia Timurid Empire (2) – Asia, Europe Nogai Horde Empire (2) – Asia, Europe Castilian Empire (2) – Europe, Africa [map] Kara Koyunlu Empire (2) – Asia, Europe [map] Kingdom of Norway (872–1397) (2) – Europe, North America [map]

1450–1700 Portuguese Empire (6) – Europe, Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Oceania [map][map] (from 1808 to 1821, its capital was in Rio de Janeiro) Mahra Sultanate (2) – Asia, Africa [map] Spanish Empire (6) – Europe, Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Oceania [map] Kingdom of Denmark-Norway (4) – Europe, Asia, North America, Africa [map] German Empire (4) – Europe, South America, [map] Asia, [map] Africa [map] Guna people (2) – North America, South America (the Guna people were living in what is now Northern Colombia and the Darién Province of Panama, including the Darién Gap (the border between North and South America), at the time of the Spanish invasion in the early 1500s) Iberian Union Empire (6) – Europe, Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Oceania (1580–1640) [map] British Empire (6) – Europe, Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Oceania. [map] Dutch Empire (6) – Europe, Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Oceania [map] French Empire (6) – Europe, Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Oceania [map] Scotland (2) – Europe, North America (1621–1631) [map] Swedish Empire (3) – Europe, North America, [map] [map] Africa [map] Courland (3) – Europe, Africa, South America (1651–1689) (a dependency of Poland–Lithuania) [map] Knights of Malta (3) – Europe, Africa, North America (1530–1551 and 1651–1665) Brandenburg-Prussia (3) – Europe, Africa, [map][map] North America [map] (1682–1721)

… excerpt ends here. Continue reading the full article.

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with List of former transcontinental countries

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what List of former transcontinental countries claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to List of former transcontinental countries before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about List of former transcontinental countries ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of List of former transcontinental countries

In research: List of former transcontinental countries appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses List of former transcontinental countries in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: List of former transcontinental countries is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Lists of countries by geography, Lists of former countries, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for List of former transcontinental countries outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study List of former transcontinental countries in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what List of former transcontinental countries means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
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Frequently asked questions

What is List of former transcontinental countries in simple terms?

Why does List of former transcontinental countries matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study List of former transcontinental countries?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on List of former transcontinental countries.