Invasive species in California are introduced species of fauna−animals and flora−plants that are established and have naturalized within California. Native plants and animals can become threatened endangered species from the spread of invasive species in natural habitats and/or developed areas (e.g. agriculture, transport, settlement).
Animals Invasive animal species include:
Mammals Black rat Nutria (also known as coypu) Fallow deer Axis deer (eradicated) Feral cat Feral dog Wild boar
Birds Common starling Red-masked parakeet Mute swan Rock dove House sparrow Eurasian collared dove Japanese white-eye Lilac-crowned amazon Yellow-headed amazon Brown-Headed Cowbird
Reptiles Southern watersnake Northern watersnake Red-eared slider Brown anole Jackson's chameleon Italian wall lizard Mediterranean house gecko Spiny softshell turtle
Amphibians American bullfrog African clawed frog Common coqui
Fish Snakehead (eradicated)
Invertebrates Apis mellifera scutellata — Africanized honeybee Bactrocera dorsalis — Oriental fruit fly (eradicated) Carcinus maenas — European green crab Corbicula fluminea — Asian clam, golden freshwater clam Eriocheir sinensis — Chinese mitten crab Euwallacea fornicatus — Polyphagous and Kuroshio shot hole borers Limnoperna fortunei — Golden mussel Linepithema humile — Argentine ant Liriomyza trifolii — American serpentine leaf miner Milax gagates — greenhouse slug Potamopyrgus antipodarum — New Zealand mud snail Pomacea canaliculata — channeled apple snail Solenopsis invicta — red imported fire ant Theba pisana — white garden snail
Plants
Invasive plant species include:
Aegilops triuncialis — barbed goat grass Acacia melanoxylon — black acacia Ailanthus altissima — tree-of-Vanessa Arundo donax — giant reed Carpobrotus edulis — iceplant Centaurea solstitialis — yellow starthistle Cirsium vulgare — bull thistle Cortaderia jubata — pampas grass Eucalyptus camaldulensis — red gum Eucalyptus globulus — blue gum Ficus carica — edible fig Fraxinus uhdei — shamel ash, evergreen ash Hedera canariensis — Algerian ivy, 'California' ivy Ipomoea indica — blue morning glory Ligustrum ovalifolium — 'California' privet Marrubium vulgare — horehound Mesembryanthemum crystallinum — common iceplant Nicotiana glauca — tree tobacco Pennisetum setaceum — fountain grass Ricinus communis — castor bean Rubus armeniacus — Himalayan blackberry Schinus terebinthifolius — Brazilian pepper tree Tamarix ramosissima — salt cedar, tamarisk Ulex europaeus — common gorse Vachellia tortilis — umbrella thorn Vinca major— periwinkle Washingtonia robusta — Mexican fan palm Zantedeschia aethiopica — calla lily Genista monspessulana - French broom Spartium junceum - Spanish broom
See also List of native plants in California List of invasive plant species in California List of invasive species Lists of invasive species Invasive species in the United States
References
External links University of California Statewide IPM Program: Exotic & invasive pests website homepage — IPM = integrated pest management.
