This is a list of investigational Tourette's syndrome drugs, or drugs that are currently under development for clinical use for the treatment of Tourette's syndrome (TS) but are not yet approved. Chemical/generic names are listed first, with developmental code names, synonyms, and brand names in parentheses. The format of list items is "Name (Synonyms) – Mechanism of Action [Reference]". This list was last comprehensively updated in May 2026. It is likely to become outdated with time.
Under development
Phase 3 Ecopipam (EBS-101; PSYRX 101; SCH-39166) – dopamine D1 receptor antagonist [1]
Phase 2 Botulinum toxin A (AboBoNT-A; abobotulinumtoxinA; Alluzience; Azzalure; BoNT-A; BTX-A-HAC; BTX-A-HAC NG; Clostridium botulinum toxin type A haemagglutinin complex; Dysport; Reloxin) – acetylcholine release inhibitor and neuromuscular blocking agent [2] CPP-115 – GABA transaminase (GABA-T) inhibitor [3] Dronabinol/palmidrol (THC/PEA; SCI-110; THX OSA01; THX-RS01; THX-110; THX-TS01) – combination of dronabinol (Δ9-THC; cannabinoid CB1 and CB2 receptor agonist) and palmidrol (palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) various actions) [4] EM-221 – phosphodiesterase PDE10A inhibitor [5] Gemlapodect (NOE-105) – phosphodiesterase PDE10A inhibitor [6] Sepranolone (isoallopregnanolone; UC-1010) – GABAA receptor negative allosteric modulator and neurosteroid [7] Valbenazine (Dysval; Ingrezza; MT-5199; NBI-98854; Remleas) – vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) inhibitor [8]
Phase 1 Balipodect (AXS-20; TAK-063) – phosphodiesterase PDE10A inhibitor [9]
Not under development
No development reported Seridopidine (ACR343; ACR-343) – dopamine receptor modulator and so-called "dopaminergic stabilizer" [10] Vatiquinone (α-tocotrienol quinone; EPI-743; PTC-743; vincerenone) – arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase (ALOX-15) inhibitor, other actions [11]
Discontinued Acamprosate controlled-release (calcium N-acetylhomotaurinate; SNC-102) – various actions [12] AZD-5213 (AZD5213) – histamine H3 receptor antagonist [13] Brilaroxazine (RP-5000; RP-5063) – atypical antipsychotic (non-selective monoamine receptor modulator) [14] Elcubragistat (ABX-1431; Lu AG06466) – monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) inhibitor [15] Onabotulinum toxin A (BoNTA; Botox; botulinum toxin A; GSK-1358820; OnabotA X; OnabotulinumtoxinA X; Vistabel; Vistabex) – acetylcholine release inhibitor and neuromuscular blocking agent [16] Tetrabenazine (BVF-018; Choreazine; Nitoman; Xenazina; Xenazine) – vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) inhibitor [17]
Clinically used drugs
Approved drugs Aripiprazole (Abilify; Abilify Asimtufii; Abilify Maintena; Abilify MyCite; Abilitat; Ao Pai; Arlemide; Asimtufii; OPC-14597; OPC-31) – atypical antipsychotic (non-selective monoamine receptor modulator) [18] Deutetrabenazine (Austedo; d6-tetrabenazine; deuterium-substituted tetrabenazine; SD-809; TEV-50717) – vesicular monoamine transporter 2 (VMAT2) inhibitor [19]
Off-label drugs α2-Adrenergic receptor agonists (e.g., clonidine, guanfacine) Antipsychotics (dopamine D2 receptor antagonists) (e.g., fluphenazine, haloperidol, olanzapine, paliperidone, pimozide, risperidone, sertindole, tiapride, ziprasidone) Cannabinoids (e.g., cannabis, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ9-THC)) Dopamine D2-like receptor agonists (e.g., pergolide, pramipexole) GABAB receptor agonists (e.g., baclofen) Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) (e.g., fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, sertraline) Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) (e.g., clomipramine) VMAT2 inhibitors (e.g., tetrabenazine) Others (e.g., botulinum toxin A, clonazepam, levetiracetam, topiramate)
See also List of investigational drugs Management of Tourette syndrome
References
External links AdisInsight - Springer