earth science

List of marine invertebrates of the Cape Peninsula and False Bay

List of marine invertebrates of the Cape Peninsula and False Bay is a earth science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand List of marine invertebrates of the Cape Peninsula and False Bay rather than just read about it. In short: The list of marine invertebrates of the Cape Peninsula and False Bay is a list of marine and shore-based invertebrate animal species that form a part of the fauna of South Africa and that have been recorded from this geographical range. In some cases they are an important part of the ecological community, and others may have been passing through, or were carried out of their natural ranges by the vagaries of ocean c…

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Reference excerpt

The list of marine invertebrates of the Cape Peninsula and False Bay is a list of marine and shore-based invertebrate animal species that form a part of the fauna of South Africa and that have been recorded from this geographical range. In some cases they are an important part of the ecological community, and others may have been passing through, or were carried out of their natural ranges by the vagaries of ocean currents or winds. Some of the animals are deep within their range of endemism, or near its borders, while others are cosmopolitan or recently arrived aliens. This list includes animals which live entirely marine lives, or which spend critical parts of their lives at sea, or rely on the sea or intertidal shore for the major part of their diet. The geographical range is from Bloubergstrand at the north of Table Bay to Cape Hangklip, the south eastern limit of False Bay, in the Western Cape province of South Africa and includes the Table Mountain National Park Marine Protected Area (TMNP MPA), the Helderberg Marine Protected Area, and part of the Robben Island Marine Protected Area. Most of the shore is within the City of Cape Town, except for a section of the east coast of False Bay, south of Kogel Bay, which is in the Overstrand Local Municipality The region is near to several universities and research institutions in Cape Town and Stellenbosch, which has led to many studies of the organisms and of the marine ecology, particularly those organisms that are easily or incidentally collected. The popularity of these waters for recreational diving has led to an increase in reported underwater photographic observations in recent years.

Sponges

Calcarea – lime sponges

Order Leucosolenida Family Sycettidae

Hairy tube sponge, Sycon spp. (Saldanha Bay to Kosi Bay) Family Leucosoleniidae

Branching ball sponge, Leucosolenia sp. (Cape Peninsula to Cape Agulhas) Tube sponge, Leucosolenia sp. (Port Nolloth to Sodwana Bay)

Demospongiae – fibre or horny sponges

Order Astrophorida Family Ancorinidae

Grey wall sponge, Stelletta agulhana Lendenfield, 1907 (Northern Cape to KwaZulu-Natal) Order Hadromerida Family Clionaidae

Rosetted sponge, Cliona aff. celata (Namibia to Cape Peninsula) Boring sponge, Cliona celata Grant, 1826 (Lüderitz to Durban) Family Polymastiidae

Teat-sponge, Polymastia mamillaris (Müller, 1806) (dubious), (Saldanha Bay to Port St. Johns) possibly Polymastia littoralis Stephens, 1915. Atlantic teat-sponge, Polymastia atlantica Samaai & Gibbons, 2005 (Lüderitz to Cape Peninsula) Family Trachycladidae

Orange wall sponge, vented sponge, Trachycladus spinispirulifer (Carter, 1879) (Cape Peninsula to Cape Agulhas) Family Suberitidae

Dusty sponge, Suberites aff. ficus (both side of the Cape Peninsula, also southern Namibia, Mediterranean, Pacific and north Atlantic) Family Tethyidae

Golf ball sponge, Tethya aurantium (Lüderitz to Durban) Order Halichondrida Family Halichondriidae

Crumb-of-bread sponge, Hymeniacidon perlevis (Montagu, 1818) (Northern Cape to Port St. Johns, also north Atlantic, Mediterranean and the Pacific) Order Poecilosclerida Family Chondropsidae

Scroll sponge, Chondropsis sp. (Olifants River to Cape Peninsula) Family Crambeidae

Stellar sponge, Crambe acuata (Lévi, 1958) syn. Crambe chelastra (Lüderitz to Cape Peninsula) Family Latrunculiidae

Green moon sponge, Latrunculia lunaviridis Samaai and Kelly 2004, (Oudekraal to Cape Point) Vented sponge, Latrunculia (Biannulata) spinispiraefera Brøndsted, 1924 (Angola to Durban) Tsitsikamma scurra Samaai and Kelly 2004, (Hout Bay) Family Isodictyidae

Brain sponge, Isodictya elastica (Vosmaer, 1880) (West Coast to Port Elizabeth)(Lüderitz to Cape Point) Flat leaf sponge, Isodictya grandis (Ridley & Dendy, 1886) (West Coast to False Bay) Fanned kelp sponge, Isodictya frondosa (Lévi, 1963) (Orange river to Cape Point) Family Microcionidae

Broad-bladed tree sponge, Clathria (Clathria) dayi Levi, 1963 (West Coast to the Cape Peninsula) Red encrusting sponge, Clathria (Isociella) oudekraalensis Samaai & Gibbons, 2005 (Cape Peninsula) Nodular sponge, Clathria (Thalysias) hooperi Samaai & Gibbons, 2005, also recorded as Clathria hooperi Samaai & Gibbons, 2005, (Cape Peninsula) Tree sponge, Echinoclathria dichotoma (Levi, 1963) (West Coast to Cape Agulhas) Family Desmacellidae

Yellow encrusting sponge, Biemna anisotoxa Levi, 1963 (West Coast to Port Elizabeth) Order Haplosclerida Family Chalinidae

Turret sponge, Haliclona (Haliclona) anonyma (Stephens, 1915) (Cape Peninsula to Sodwana Bay) Encrusting turret sponge, Haliclona (Haliclona) stilensis Burton, 1933 (West and South Coasts) Order Dictyoceratida Family Irciniidae

Black stink sponge, Ircinia arbuscula (Hyatt, 1877) (syn. Sarcotragus australis) (Cape Peninsula to Cape Agulhas, also Australia) Note: Ircinia arbuscula (Lendenfeld, 1888) is syn. of Sarcotragus australis (Lendenfeld, 1888), so this needs to be clarified. Sand cup sponge, Psammocinia cf. arenosa (Orange River to Cape Peninsula)

Cnidarians

Anthozoa

Hexacorallians

Order: Actiniaria – Anemones Family Actiniidae

Plum anemone, Actinia ebhayiensis Schama, Mitchell & Solé-Cava, 2011. (TMNP MPA). Recorded as Plum anemone Actinia mandelae from about Lüderitz to Durban Violet-spotted anemone, Anthostella stephensoni Carlgren, 1938 (Lüderitz to Richards Bay, endemic) Anthopleura insignis Carlgren, 1940, (TMNP MPA). Long-tentacled anemone, Anthopleura michaelseni (Pax, 1920) (Lüderitz to Durban) Dwarf-spotted anemone, Anthostella n. sp. (Cape Peninsula to Port Elizabeth, possibly endemic) (still being described) Sandy anemone, Bunodactis reynaudi (Milne-Edwards, 1857) (Lüderitz to Durban) (syn. Aulactinia reynaudi) Knobbly anemone, Bunodosoma capense also recorded as Bunodosoma capensis (Lesson, 1830) (Lüderitz to Durban) Spinnaker anemone, candy-striped anemone, Korsaranthus natalensis (Carlgren, 1938) (False Bay to Durban) False plum anemone, Pseudactinia flagellifera (Drayton in Dana, 1846) (Lüderitz to Durban) Clown anemone undescribed (False Bay) Family Halcampidae

Brooding anemone, Halianthella annularis Carlgren, 1938 (Lamberts Bay to Cape Agulhas, endemic) Family Haloclavidae

Burrowing anemone, Haloclava capensis (Verrill, 1865), (TMNP MPA).(Table Bay to Cape Agulhas) Family Hormathiidae

Symbiotic anemone, Calliactis polypus (Forsskål, 1775), (TMNP MPA).(Natal) Family Sagartiidae

… excerpt ends here. Continue reading the full article.

Illustrations

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Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about List of marine invertebrates of the Cape Peninsula and False Bay ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of List of marine invertebrates of the Cape Peninsula and False Bay

In research: List of marine invertebrates of the Cape Peninsula and False Bay appears in earth science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses List of marine invertebrates of the Cape Peninsula and False Bay in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: List of marine invertebrates of the Cape Peninsula and False Bay is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Fauna of South Africa, Fauna of the Atlantic Ocean, Lists of biota of South Africa, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
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