List of physicists

Following is a list of physicists who are notable for their achievements.

A Jules Aarons – United States (1921–2016) Ernst Karl Abbe – Germany (1840–1905) Derek Abbott – Australia (born 1960) Hasan Abdullayev – Azerbaijan Democratic Republic, Soviet Union, Azerbaijan (1918–1993) Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov – Soviet Union, Russia (1928–2017), Nobel laureate Robert Adler – United States (1913–2007) Stephen L. Adler – United States (born 1939) Franz Aepinus – Rostock (1724–1802) Mina Aganagic – Bosnia and Herzegovina, United States David Z Albert – United States (born 1954) Felicie Albert – France, United States Miguel Alcubierre – Mexico (born 1964) Zhores Ivanovich Alferov – Soviet Union, Russia (1930–2019), Nobel laureate Hannes Olof Gösta Alfvén – Sweden (1908–1995), Nobel laureate Alhazen – Basra, Iraq (965–1040) Artem Alikhanian – Soviet Union, Armenia (1908–1978) Abram Alikhanov – Soviet Union, Russia (1904–1970) John E. Allen – United Kingdom (born 1928) William Allis – United States (1901–1999) Samuel King Allison – United States (1900–1965) Yakov Lvovich Alpert – Soviet Union, Russia, United States (1911–2010) Ralph Asher Alpher – United States (1921–2007) Semen Altshuler – Soviet Union (1911–1983) Luis Walter Alvarez – United States (1911–1988), Nobel laureate Viktor Ambartsumian – Soviet Union, Armenia (1908–1996) André-Marie Ampère – France (1775–1836) Anja Cetti Andersen – Denmark (born 1965) Hans Henrik Andersen – Denmark (1937–2012) Carl David Anderson – United States (1905–1991), Nobel laureate Herbert L. Anderson – United States (1914–1988) Philip Warren Anderson – United States (1923–2020), Nobel laureate Elephter Andronikashvili – Soviet Union, Georgia (1910–1989) Anders Jonas Ångström – Sweden (1814–1874) Alexander Animalu – Nigeria (born 1938) Hideo Aoki - Japan (born 1950) Edward Victor Appleton – United Kingdom (1892–1965), Nobel laureate François Arago – France (1786–1853) Archimedes – Syracuse, Greece (ca. 287–212 BC) Manfred von Ardenne – Germany (1907–1997) Aristarchus of Samos – Samos, Greece (310–ca. 230 BC) Aristotle – Athens, Greece (384–322 BC) Nima Arkani-Hamed – United States (born 1972) Lev Artsimovich – Soviet Union (1909–1973) Aryabhata – Pataliputra, India (476–550) Neil Ashby – United States (born 1934) Maha Ashour-Abdalla – Egypt, United States (1943–2016) Gurgen Askaryan – Soviet Union (1928–1997) Alain Aspect – France (born 1947) Marcel Audiffren – France Pierre Victor Auger – France (1899–1993) Avicenna – Persia (980–1037) Amedeo Avogadro – Italy (1776–1856) David Awschalom – United States (born 1956)

B

Tom Baehr-Jones – United States (born 1980) John Norris Bahcall – United States (1934–2005) Gilbert Ronald Bainbridge – U.K. (1925–2003) Cornelis Bakker – Netherlands (1904–1960) Aiyalam Parameswaran Balachandran – India (born 1938) V Balakrishnan – India (born 1943) Milla Baldo-Ceolin – Italy (1924–2011) Johann Jakob Balmer – Switzerland (1825–1898) Tom Banks – United States (born 1949) Xiaoyi Bao – Canada Riccardo Barbieri – Italy (born 1944) Marcia Barbosa – Brazil (born 1960) John Bardeen – United States (1908–1991), double Nobel laureate William A. Bardeen – United States (born 1941) Ronald Hugh Barker – Ireland (1915–2015) Charles Glover Barkla – U.K. (1877–1944), Nobel laureate Amanda Barnard – Australia (born 1971) Boyd Bartlett – United States (1897–1965) Asım Orhan Barut – Malatya, Turkey (1926–1994) Heinz Barwich – Germany (1911–1966) Nikolay Basov – Soviet Union, Russia (1922–2001), Nobel laureate Laura Maria Caterina Bassi – Italy (1711–1778) Zoltán Lajos Bay – Hungary (1900–1992) Karl Bechert – Germany (1901–1981) Henri Becquerel – France (1852–1908), Nobel laureate Johannes Georg Bednorz – Germany (born 1950), Nobel laureate Isaac Beeckman – Netherlands (1588–1637) Jacob Bekenstein – Israel (1947–2015) Alexander Graham Bell – Scotland, Canada, United States (1847–1922) John Stewart Bell – U.K. (1928–1990) Jocelyn Bell Burnell – Northern Ireland, U.K. (born 1943) Carl M. Bender – United States (born 1943) Abraham Bennet – England (1749–1799) Daniel Bernoulli – Switzerland (1700–1782) Hans Bethe – Germany, United States (1906–2005), Nobel laureate Homi J. Bhabha – India (1909–1966) Mani Lal Bhaumik – United States (born 1931) Lars Bildsten – United States (1964) James Binney – England (born 1950) Gerd Binnig – Germany (born 1947), Nobel laureate Jean-Baptiste Biot – France (1774–1862) Raymond T. Birge – United States (1887–1980) Abū Rayhān al-Bīrūnī – Persia (973–1048) Vilhelm Bjerknes – Norway (1862–1951) James Bjorken – United States (1934–2024) Joseph Black – Scotland, U.K. (1728–1799) Patrick Blackett – U.K. (1897–1974), Nobel laureate Felix Bloch – Switzerland (1905–1983), Nobel laureate Nicolaas Bloembergen – Netherlands, United States (1920–2017), Nobel laureate Walter Boas – Germany, Australia (1904–1982) Céline Bœhm – France (born 1974) Nikolay Bogolyubov – Soviet Union, Russia (1909–1992) David Bohm – United States (1917–1992) Aage Bohr – Denmark (1922–2009), Nobel laureate Niels Bohr – Denmark (1885–1962), Nobel laureate Martin Bojowald – Germany (born 1973) Ludwig Boltzmann – Austria (1844–1906) Eugene T. Booth – United States (1912–2004) Max Born – Germany, U.K. (1882–1970), Nobel laureate Rudjer Josip Boscovich – Croatia (1711–1787) Jagadish Chandra Bose – India (1858–1937) Margrete Heiberg Bose – Denmark (1866–1952) Satyendra Nath Bose – India (1894–1974) Johannes Bosscha – Netherlands (1831–1911) Walther Bothe – Germany (1891–1957), Nobel laureate Edward Bouchet – United States (1852–1918) Mustapha Ishak Boushaki – Algeria (1967–) Mark Bowick – United States (born 1957) Robert Boyle – Ireland, England (1627–1691) Willard S. Boyle – Canada, United States (1924–2011), Nobel laureate William Henry Bragg – U.K. (1862–1942), Nobel laureate William Lawrence Bragg – U.K., Australia (1890–1971), Nobel laureate Tycho Brahe – Denmark (1546–1601) Howard Brandt – United States (1939–2014) Walter Houser Brattain – United States (1902–1987), Nobel laureate Karl Ferdinand Braun – Germany (1850–1918), Nobel laureate David Brewster – U.K. (1781–1868) Percy Williams Bridgman – United States (1882–1961), Nobel laureate Léon Nicolas Brillouin – France (1889–1969) Marcel Brillouin – France (1854–1948) Bertram Brockhouse – Canada (1918–2003), Nobel laureate Louis-Victor de Broglie – France (1892–1987), Nobel laureate William Fuller Brown, Jr. – United States (1904–1983) Ernst Brüche – Germany (1900–1985) Hermann Brück – Germany (1905–2000) Ari Brynjolfsson – Iceland (1927–2013) Hans Buchdahl – Germany, Australia (1918–2010) Gersh Budker – Soviet Union (1918–1977) Silke Bühler-Paschen – Austria (born 1967) Johannes Martinus Burgers – Netherlands (1895–1981) Friedrich Burmeister – Germany (1890–1969) Bimla Buti – India (1933–2024) Christophorus Buys Ballot – Netherlands (1817–1890)

C Nicola Cabibbo – Italy (1935–2010) Nicolás Cabrera – Spain (1913–1989) Curtis Callan – United States (born 1942) Annie Jump Cannon – United States (1863–1941) Fritjof Capra – Austria, United States (born 1939) Marcela Carena – Argentina (born 1962) Ricardo Carezani – Argentina, United States (1921–2016) Nicolas Léonard Sadi Carnot – France (1796–1832) David Carroll – United States (born 1963) Brandon Carter – Australia (born 1942) Hendrik Casimir – Netherlands (1909–2000) Henry Cavendish – U.K. (1731–1810) James Chadwick – U.K. (1891–1974), Nobel laureate Owen Chamberlain – United States (1920–2006), Nobel laureate Moses H. W. Chan – Hong Kong (born 1946) Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar – India, United States (1910–1995), Nobel laureate Tsao Chang – China (born 1942) Georges Charpak – France (1924–2010), Nobel laureate Émilie du Châtelet – France (1706–1749) Swapan Chattopadhyay – India (born 1951) Pavel Alekseyevich Cherenkov – Imperial Russia, Soviet Union (1904–1990), Nobel laureate Maxim Chernodub – Soviet Union, Russia, France (born 1973) Geoffrey Chew – United States (1924–2019) Boris Chirikov – Soviet Union, Russia (1928–2008) Juansher Chkareuli – Soviet Union, Georgia (born 1940) Ernst Chladni – Germany (1756–1827) Nicholas Christofilos – Greece (1916–1972) Steven Chu – United States (born 1948), Nobel laureate Giovanni Ciccotti – Italy (born 1943) Orion Ciftja – United States Benoît Clapeyron – France (1799–1864) George W. Clark – United States John Clauser – United States (born 1942), Nobel laureate Rudolf Clausius – Germany (1822–1888) Richard Clegg – U.K. Gari Clifford – British-American physicist, biomedical engineer, academic, researcher John Cockcroft – U.K. (1897–1967), Nobel laureate Claude Cohen-Tannoudji – France (born 1933), Nobel laureate Arthur Compton – United States (1892–1962), Nobel laureate Karl Compton – United States (1887–1954) Edward Condon – United States (1902–1974) Leon Cooper – United States (1930–2024), Nobel laureate Nicolaus Copernicus – Poland (1473–1543) Alejandro Corichi – Mexico (born 1967) Gaspard-Gustave Coriolis – France (1792–1843) Allan McLeod Cormack – South Africa, United States (1924–1998) Eric Allin Cornell – United States (born 1961), Nobel laureate Marie Alfred Cornu – France (1841–1902) Charles-Augustin de Coulomb – France (1736–1806) Ernest Courant – United States (1920–2020) Brian Cox – U.K. (born 1968) Thomas E. Cravens – United States, cometary x-rays Charles Critchfield – United States (1910–1994) James Cronin – United States (1931–2016), Nobel laureate Sir William Crookes – U.K. (1832–1919) Paul Crowell – United States Marie Curie – Russian Empire, France (1867–1934), twice Nobel laureate Pierre Curie – France (1859–1906), Nobel laureate Predrag Cvitanović – Croatia (born 1946)

D Jean le Rond d'Alembert – France (1717–1783) Gustaf Dalén – Sweden (1869–1937), Nobel laureate Jean Dalibard – France (born 1958) Richard Dalitz – U.K., United States (1925–2006) John Dalton – U.K. (1766–1844) Sanja Damjanović – Yugoslavia, Montenegro (born 1972) Ranjan Roy Daniel – India (1923–2005) Charles Galton Darwin – U.K. (1887–1962) Ashok Das – India, United States (born 1953) James C. Davenport – United States (born 1938) Paul Davies – Australia (born 1946) Raymond Davis, Jr. – United States (1914–2006), Nobel laureate Clinton Davisson – United States (1881–1958), Nobel laureate Peter Debije – Netherlands (1884–1966) Hans Georg Dehmelt – Germany, United States (1922–2017), Nobel laureate Max Delbrück – Germany, United States (1906–1981) Democritus – Abdera (ca. 460–360 BC) Arthur Jeffrey Dempster – Canada (1886–1950) David M. Dennison – United States (1900–1976) Beryl May Dent – U.K. (1900–1977) René Descartes – France (1596–1650) David Deutsch – Israel, U.K. (born 1953) James Dewar – U.K. (1842–1923) Scott Diddams – United States Ulrike Diebold – Austria (born 1961) Robbert Dijkgraaf – Netherlands (born 1960) Viktor Dilman – Soviet Union, Russia (born 1926) Savas Dimopoulos – United States (born 1952) Paul Dirac – Switzerland, U.K. (1902–1984), Nobel laureate Revaz Dogonadze – Soviet Union, Georgia (1931–1985) Louise Dolan – United States (born 1950) Amos Dolbear – United States (1837–1910) Robert Döpel – Germany (1895–1982) Christian Doppler – Austria (1803–1853) Henk Dorgelo – Netherlands (1894–1961) Friedrich Ernst Dorn – Germany (1848–1916) Geneva Smith Douglas – United States (1932–1993) Michael R. Douglas – United States (born 1961) Jonathan Dowling – United States (1955–2020) Claudia Draxl – Germany (born 1959) Sidney Drell – United States (1926–2016) Mildred Dresselhaus – United States (1930–2017) Paul Drude – Germany (1863–1906) Émilie du Châtelet – France (1706–1749) F. J. Duarte – United States (born 1954) Pierre Louis Dulong – France (1785–1838) Janette Dunlop – Scotland (1891–1971) Samuel T. Durrance – United States (born 1943) Freeman Dyson – U.K., United States (1923–2020), Wolf laureate

E Joseph H. Eberly – United States (1935–2025) William Eccles – U.K. (1875–1966) Carl Eckart – United States (1902–1973) Arthur Stanley Eddington – U.K. (1882–1944) Thomas Edison – United States, invented the lightbulb Paul Ehrenfest – Austria-Hungary, Netherlands (1880–1933) Felix Ehrenhaft – Austria-Hungary, United States (1879–1952) Manfred Eigen – Germany (1927–2019) Albert Einstein – Germany, Italy, Switzerland, United States (1879–1955), Nobel laureate Laura Eisenstein (1942–1985), professor of physics at University of Illinois Terence James Elkins – Australia, United States (1936–2023) John Ellis – U.K. (born 1946) Paul John Ellis – U.K., United States (1941–2005) Richard Keith Ellis – U.K., United States (born 1949) Arpad Elo – Hungary (1903–1992) François Englert – Belgium (1932–2026), Nobel laureate David Enskog – Sweden (1884–1947) Loránd Eötvös – Austria-Hungary (1848–1919) Leo Esaki – Japan (born 1925), Nobel laureate Ernest Esclangon – France (1876–1954) Louis Essen – U.K. (1908–1997) Leonhard Euler – Switzerland (1707–1783) Denis Evans – Australia (born 1951) Paul Peter Ewald – Germany, United States (1888–1985) James Alfred Ewing – U.K. (1855–1935) Franz S. Exner – Austria (1849–1926)

F Ludvig Faddeev – Soviet Union, Russia (1934–2017) Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit – Prussia (1686–1736) Kazimierz Fajans – Russian Empire, Poland, United States (1887–1975) James E. Faller – United States Michael Faraday – U.K. (1791–1867) Eugene Feenberg – United States (1906–1977) Mitchell Feigenbaum – United States (1944–2019) Gerald Feinberg – United States (1933–1992) Enrico Fermi – Italy (1901–1954), Nobel laureate Albert Fert – France (born 1938), Nobel laureate Herman Feshbach – United States (1917–2000) Richard Feynman – United States (1918–1988), Nobel laureate Wolfgang Finkelnburg – Germany (1905–1967) David Finkelstein – United States (1929–2016) Johannes Fischer – Germany (born 1887) Willy Fischler – Belgium (born 1949) Val Logsdon Fitch – United States (1923–2015), Nobel laureate George Francis FitzGerald – Ireland (1851–1901) Hippolyte Fizeau – France (1819–1896) Georgy Flyorov – Russian Empire, Soviet Union (1913–1990) Vladimir Fock – Russian Empire, Soviet Union (1898–1974) Adriaan Fokker – Netherlands (1887–1972) Arthur Foley – America (1867–1945) James David Forbes – U.K. (1809–1868) Jeff Forshaw – U.K. (born 1968) Léon Foucault – France (1819–1868) Joseph Fourier – France (1768–1830) Ralph H. Fowler – U.K. (1889–1944) William Alfred Fowler – United States (1911–1995), Nobel laureate James Franck – Germany, United States (1882–1964), Nobel laureate Ilya Frank – Russian Empire, Soviet Union (1908–1990), Nobel laureate Benjamin Franklin – British America, United States (1706–1790) Rosalind Franklin – U.K. (1920–1958) Walter Franz – Germany (1911–1992) Joseph von Fraunhofer – Germany (1787–1826) Steven Frautschi – United States (born 1933) Joan Maie Freeman – Australia (1918–1998) Phyllis S. Freier – United States (1921–1992)) Yakov Frenkel – Russian Empire, Soviet Union (1894–1952) Augustin-Jean Fresnel – France (1788–1827) Peter Freund – United States (1936–2018) Daniel Friedan – United States (born 1948) B. Roy Frieden – United States (born 1936) Alexander Friedman – Russian Empire, Soviet Union (1888–1925) Jerome Isaac Friedman – United States (born 1930), Nobel laureate Otto Frisch – Austria, U.K. (1904–1979) Harald Fuchs – Germany (born 1951) Erwin Fues – Germany (1893–1970)

G

Dennis Gabor – Hungary (1900–1979), Nobel laureate Mary K. Gaillard – France, United States (1939–2025) Galileo Galilei – Italy (1564–1642) Luigi Galvani – Italy (1737–1798) George Gamow – Russian Empire, Soviet Union, United States (1904–1968) Domenica Garzón – Ecuador (living) Sylvester James Gates – United States (born 1950) Carl Friedrich Gauss – Germany (1777–1855) Pamela L. Gay – United States (born 1973) Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac – France (1778–1850) Hans Geiger – Germany (1882–1945) Andre Geim – Soviet Union, Russia, Netherlands, U.K. (born 1958), Nobel laureate Murray Gell-Mann – United States (1929–2019), Nobel laureate Pierre-Gilles de Gennes – France (1932–2007), Nobel laureate Howard Georgi – United States (born 1947) Walter Gerlach – Germany (1889–1979) Christian Gerthsen – Denmark, Germany (1894–1956) Ezra Getzler – Australia (born 1962) Andrea M. Ghez – United States (born 1955), Nobel laureate Riccardo Giacconi – Italy, United States (1931–2018), Nobel laureate Ivar Giaever – Norway, United States (1929–2025), Nobel laureate Josiah Willard Gibbs – United States (1839–1903) Valerie Gibson – U.K. (born 19??) William Gilbert – England (1544–1603) Piara Singh Gill – India (1911–2002) Naomi Ginsberg – United States (born 1979) Vitaly Lazarevich Ginzburg – Soviet Union, Russia (1916–2009), Nobel laureate Marvin D. Girardeau – United States (1930–2015) Marissa Giustina – United States (born 19??) Donald Arthur Glaser – United States (1926–2013), Nobel laureate Sheldon Glashow – United States (born 1932), Nobel laureate G. N. Glasoe – United States (1902–1987) Roy Jay Glauber – United States (1925–2018), Nobel laureate James Glimm – United States (born 1934) Karl Glitscher – Germany (1886–1945) Peter Goddard – U.K. (born 1945) Maria Goeppert-Mayer – Germany, United States (1906–1972), Nobel laureate Gerald Goertzel – United States (1920–2002) Marvin Leonard Goldberger – United States (1922–2014) Maurice Goldhaber – Austria, United States (1911–2011) Jeffrey Goldstone – U.K., United States (born 1933) Ravi Gomatam – India (born 1950) Mar Gómez – Spain (1985) Sixto González – Puerto Rico, United States (born 1965) Deryck Goodwin – U.K. (1927–1997) Lev Gor'kov – United States (1929–2016) Samuel Goudsmit – Netherlands, United States (1902–1978) Leo Graetz – Germany (1856–1941) Willem 's Gravesande – Netherlands (1688–1742) Michael Green – Britain (born 1946) Daniel Greenberger – United States (born 1932) Brian Greene – United States (born 1963) John Gribbin – U.K. (born 1946) Vladimir Gribov – Soviet Union, Russia (1930–1997) David J. Griffiths – United States (born 1942) David Gross – United States (born 1941), Nobel laureate Frederick Grover – United States (1876–1973) Peter Grünberg – Germany (1939–2018), Nobel laureate Charles Édouard Guillaume – Switzerland (1861–1931), Nobel laureate Ayyub Guliyev – Soviet Union, Azerbaijan (born 1954) Feza Gürsey – Turkey (1921–1992) Hanoch Gutfreund – Israel (born 1935) Alan Guth – United States (born 1947) Martin Gutzwiller – Switzerland (1925–2014)

H Rudolf Haag – Germany (1922–2016) Wander Johannes de Haas – Netherlands (1878–1960) Alain Haché – Canada (born 1970) Carl Richard Hagen – United States (born 1937) Otto Hahn – Germany (1879–1968) Edwin Hall – United States (1855–1938) John Lewis Hall – United States (born 1934), Nobel laureate Alexander Hamilton – U.K., Australia (born 1967) William Rowan Hamilton – Ireland (1805–1865) Theodor Wolfgang Hänsch – Germany (born 1941), Nobel laureate Peter Andreas Hansen – Denmark (1795–1874) W.W. Hansen – United States (1909–1949) Serge Haroche – France (born 1944), Nobel laureate Paul Harteck – Germany (1902–1985) John G. Hartnett – Australia (born 1952) Douglas Hartree – U.K. (1897–1958) Friedrich Hasenöhrl – Austria, Hungary (1874–1915) Lene Vestergaard Hau – Vejle, Denmark (born 1959) Stephen Hawking – U.K. (1942–2018), Wolf laureate Ibn al-Haytham – Iraq (965–1039) Evans Hayward – United States (1922–2020) Oliver Heaviside – U.K. (1850–1925) Werner Heisenberg – Germany (1901–1976), Nobel laureate Walter Heitler – Germany, Ireland (1904–1981) Hermann von Helmholtz – Germany (1821–1894) Charles H. Henry – United States (1937–2016) Joseph Henry – United States (1797–1878) John Herapath – U.K. (1790–1868) Carl Hermann – Germany (1898–1961) Gustav Ludwig Hertz – Germany (1887–1975), Nobel laureate Heinrich Rudolf Hertz – Germany (1857–1894) Karl Herzfeld – Austria, United States (1892–1978) Victor Francis Hess – Austria, United States (1883–1964), Nobel laureate Mahmoud Hessaby – Iran (1903–1992) Antony Hewish – U.K. (1924–2021), Nobel laureate Paul G. Hewitt – United States (born 1931) Peter Higgs – U.K. (1929–2024), Nobel laureate George William Hill – United States (1838–1914) Gustave-Adolphe Hirn – France (1815–1890) Carol Hirschmugl – United States, professor of physics, laboratory director Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin – England (1910–1994) Robert Hofstadter – United States (1915–1990), Nobel laureate Helmut Hönl – Germany (1903–1981) Pervez Hoodbhoy – Pakistan (born 1950) Gerardus 't Hooft – Netherlands (born 1946), Nobel laureate Robert Hooke – England (1635–1703) John Hopkinson – United Kingdom (1849–1898) Johann Baptiste Horvath – Slovakia (1732–1799) William V. Houston – United States (1900–1968) Charlotte (née Riefenstahl) Houtermans – Germany (1899–1993) Fritz Houtermans – Netherlands, Germany, Austria (1903–1966) Archibald Howie – U.K. (born 1934) Fred Hoyle – U.K. (1915–2001) Veronika Hubeny – United States John Hubbard – U.K. (1931–1980) John H. Hubbell – United States (1925–2007) Edwin Powell Hubble – United States (1889–1953) Russell Alan Hulse – United States (born 1950), Nobel laureate Friedrich Hund – Germany (1896–1997) Tahir Hussain – Pakistan (1923–2010) Christiaan Huygens – Netherlands (1629–1695)

I Arthur Iberall – United States (1918–2002) Sumio Iijima – Japan (born 1939) John Iliopoulos – Greece (born 1940) Ataç İmamoğlu – Turkey, United States (born 1962) Elmer Imes – United States (1883–1941) Abram Ioffe – Russian Empire, Soviet Union (1880–1960) Nathan Isgur – United States, Canada (1947–2001) Ernst Ising – Germany (1900–1998) Jamal Nazrul Islam – Bangladesh (1939–2013) Werner Israel – Canada (1931–2022)

J Roman Jackiw – Poland, United States (1939–2023) Shirley Ann Jackson – United States (born 1946) Boris Jacobi – Germany, Russia (1801–1874) Gregory Jaczko – United States (born 1970) Chennupati Jagadish – India, Australia (born 1957) Jainendra Jain – India (born 1960) Antal István Jákli – Hungary (born 1958) Ratko Janev – North Macedonia (1939–2019) Andreas Jaszlinszky – Hungary (1715–1783) Ali Javan – Iran (1928–2016) Edwin Jaynes – United States (1922–1998) Sir James Jeans – U.K. (1877–1946) Johannes Hans Daniel Jensen – Germany (1907–1973), Nobel laureate Deborah S. Jin – United States (born 1968) Anthony M. Johnson – United States (born 1954) Irène Joliot-Curie – France (1897–1956) Lorella Jones – United States (1943–1995) Pascual Jordan – Germany (1902–1980) Vania Jordanova – United States, physicist, space weather and geomagnetic storms Brian David Josephson – U.K. (born 1940), Nobel laureate James Prescott Joule – U.K. (1818–1889) Adolfas Jucys – Russian Empire, Lithuania, Soviet Union (1904–1974) Chang Kee Jung – South Korea, United States

K Menas Kafatos – Greece, United States (born 1945) Takaaki Kajita – Japan (born 1959), Nobel laureate Michio Kaku – United States (born 1947) APJ Abdul Kalam – India Theodor Kaluza – Germany (1885–1954) Heike Kamerlingh Onnes – Netherlands (1853–1926), Nobel laureate William R. Kanne – United States Charles K. Kao – China, Hong Kong, U.K., United States (1933–2018), Nobel laureate Pyotr Kapitsa – Russian Empire, Soviet Union (1894–1984), Nobel laureate Theodore von Kármán – Hungary, United States (1881–1963), aeronautical engineer Alfred Kastler – France (1902–1984), Nobel laureate Amrom Harry Katz – United States (1915–1997) Moshe Kaveh – Israel (born 1943), president of Bar-Ilan University Predhiman Krishan Kaw – India (1948–2017) Heinrich Kayser – Germany (1853–1940) Willem Hendrik Keesom – Netherlands (1876–1956) Edwin C. Kemble – United States (1889–1984) Henry Way Kendall – United States (1926–1999), Nobel laureate Johannes Kepler – Germany (1571–1630) John Kerr – Scotland (1824–1907) Wolfgang Ketterle – Germany (born 1957), Nobel laureate Isaak Markovich Khalatnikov – Soviet Union, Russia (1919–2021) Jim Al-Khalili – U.K. (born 1962) Abdul Qadeer Khan – Pakistan (1936–2021) Yulii Borisovich Khariton – Russian Empire, Soviet Union, Russia (1904–1996) Erhard Kietz – Germany, United States (1909–1982) Jack Kilby – United States (1923–2005), electronics engineer, Nobel laureate Toichiro Kinoshita – Japan, United States (1925–2023) Gustav Kirchhoff – Germany (1824–1887) Oskar Klein – Sweden (1894–1977) Hagen Kleinert – Germany (born 1941) Klaus von Klitzing – Germany (born 1943), Nobel laureate Jens Martin Knudsen – Denmark (1930–2005) Martin Knudsen – Denmark (1871–1949) Makoto Kobayashi – Japan (born 1944), Nobel laureate Adéla Kochanovská – Czech (1907–1985), first woman professor Arthur Korn – Germany (1870–1945) Masatoshi Koshiba – Japan (1926–2020), Nobel laureate Matthew Koss – United States (born 1961) Walther Kossel – Germany (1888–1956) Ashutosh Kotwal – United States (born 1965) Lew Kowarski – France (1907–1979) Hendrik Kramers – Netherlands (1894–1952) Sabine Kraml – Austria (born 1971) Serguei Krasnikov – Soviet Union, Russia (born 1961) Adolf Kratzer – Germany (1893–1983) Lawrence M. Krauss – United States (born 1954) Herbert Kroemer – Germany (1928–2024), Nobel laureate August Krönig – Germany (1822–1879) Ralph Kronig – Germany, United States (1904–1995) Nikolay Sergeevich Krylov – Soviet Union (1917–1947) Ryogo Kubo – Japan (1920–1995) Daya Shankar Kulshreshtha – India (born 1951) Shaiwatna Kupratakul – Thailand (born 1940) Igor Vasilyevich Kurchatov – Russian Empire, Soviet Union (1903–1960) Behram Kursunoglu – Turkey (1922–2003) Polykarp Kusch – Germany (1911–1993), Nobel laureate

L James W. LaBelle – United States TH Laby – Australia (1880–1946) Joseph-Louis Lagrange – France (1736–1813) Willis Lamb – United States (1913–2008), Nobel laureate Lev Davidovich Landau – Russian Empire, Soviet Union (1908–1968), Nobel laureate Rolf Landauer – United States (1927–1999) Grigory Landsberg – Russian Empire, Soviet Union (1890–1957) Kenneth Lane – United States Paul Langevin – France (1872–1946) Irving Langmuir – United States (1881–1957) Pierre-Simon Laplace – France (1749–1827) Joseph Larmor – U.K. (1857–1942) John Latham – U.K. (1937–2021) Cesar Lattes – Brazil (1924–2005) Max von Laue – Germany (1879–1960), Nobel laureate Robert Betts Laughlin – United States (born 1950), Nobel laureate Mikhail Lavrentyev – Russian Empire, Soviet Union (1900–1980) Ernest Lawrence – United States (1901–1958), Nobel laureate Melvin Lax – United States (1922–2002) Pyotr Nikolaevich Lebedev – Russian Empire (1866–1912) Lindsay LeBlanc – Canada (living) Leon Max Lederman – United States (1922–2018), Nobel laureate Benjamin Lee – Korea, United States (1935–1977) David Lee – United States (born 1931), Nobel laureate Tsung-Dao Lee – China, United States (1926–2024), Nobel laureate Anthony James Leggett – U.K., United States (born 1938), Nobel laureate Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz – Germany (1646–1716) Robert B. Leighton – United States (1919–1997) Georges Lemaître – Belgium (1894–1966) Philipp Lenard – Hungary, Germany (1862–1947), Nobel laureate John Lennard-Jones – U.K. (1894–1954) John Leslie – U.K. (1766–1832) Walter Lewin – Netherlands, United States (born 1936) Martin Lewis Perl – United States (1927–2014) Anne L'Huillier – France, Sweden (born 1958), Nobel laureate Robert von Lieben – Austria-Hungary (1878–1913) Alfred-Marie Liénard – France (1869–1958) Evgeny Lifshitz – Russian Empire, Soviet Union (1915–1985) David Lindley – United States (born 1956) John Linsley – United States (1925–2002) Chris Lintott – U.K. (born 1980) Gabriel Jonas Lippmann – France, Luxemburg (1845–1921), Nobel laureate Antony Garrett Lisi – United States (born 1968) Karl L. Littrow – Austria (1811–1877) Seth Lloyd – United States (born 1960) Oliver Lodge – U.K. (1851–1940) Maurice Loewy – Austria, France (1833–1907) Robert K. Logan – United States (born 1939) Mikhail Lomonosov – Tsardom of Russia, Russian Empire (1711–1765) Alfred Lee Loomis – United States (1887–1975) Ramón E. López – United States (born 1959) Hendrik Lorentz – Netherlands (1853–1928), Nobel laureate Ludvig Lorenz – Denmark (1829–1891) Johann Josef Loschmidt – Austria (1821–1895) Oleg Losev – Russian Empire, Soviet Union (1903–1942) Archibald Low – U.K. (1888–1956) Per-Olov Löwdin – Sweden (1916–2000) Lucretius – Rome (98?–55 BC) Aleksandr Mikhailovich Lyapunov – Russian Empire (1857–1918) Joseph Lykken – United States (born 1957)

M Carolina Henriette MacGillavry – Netherlands (1904–1993) Ernst Mach – Austria-Hungary (1838–1916) Katie Mack – United States (born 1981) Gladys Mackenzie – Scotland (1903–1972) Ray Mackintosh – U.K. Luciano Maiani – Italy, San Marino (born 1941) Theodore Maiman – United States (1927–2007) Arthur Maitland – U.K. (1925–1994) Ettore Majorana – Italy (1906–1938 presumed dead) Sudhansu Datta Majumdar – India (1915–1997) Richard Makinson – Australia (1913–1979) Juan Martín Maldacena – Argentina (born 1968) Étienne-Louis Malus – France (1775–1812) Leonid Isaakovich Mandelshtam – Russian Empire, Soviet Union (1879–1944) Franz Mandl – U.K. (1923–2009) Charles Lambert Manneback – Belgium (1894–1975) Peter Mansfield – U.K. (1933–2017) Carlo Marangoni – Italy (1840–1925) M. Cristina Marchetti – Italy, United States (born 1955) Guglielmo Marconi – Italy (1874–1937), Nobel laureate Henry Margenau – Germany, United States (1901–1977) Nina Marković – Yugoslavia, Croatia, United States William Markowitz – United States (1907–1998) Laurence D. Marks – United States (born 1954) Robert Marshak – United States (1916–1992) Walter Marshall – U.K. (1932–1996) Toshihide Maskawa – Japan (1940–2021), Nobel laureate Harrie Massey – Australia (1908–1983) John Cromwell Mather – United States (born 1946), Nobel laureate James Clerk Maxwell – U.K. (1831–1879) Brian May – U.K. (born 1947) Maria Goeppert Mayer – Germany, United States (1906–1972) Arthur B. McDonald – Canada (born 1943), Nobel laureate Ronald E. McNair – United States (1950–1986) Anna McPherson – Canadian (1901–1979) Simon van der Meer – Netherlands (1925–2011), Nobel laureate Lise Meitner – Austria (1878–1968) Fulvio Melia – United States (born 1956) Macedonio Melloni – Italy (1798–1854) Adrian Melott – United States (born 1947) Thomas Corwin Mendenhall – United States (1841–1924) M. G. K. Menon – India (1928–2016) David Merritt – United States Albert Abraham Michelson – United States (1852–1931), Nobel laureate Arthur Alan Middleton – United States Stanislav Mikheyev – Soviet Union, Russia (1940–2011) Robert Andrews Millikan – United States (1868–1953), Nobel laureate Robert Mills – United States (1927–1999) Arthur Milne – U.K. (1896–1950) Shiraz Minwalla – India (born 1972) Bedangadas Mohanty – India (born 1973) Rabindra Nath Mohapatra – India, United States (born 1944) Kathryn Moler – United States Tanya Monro – Australia (born 1973) John J. Montgomery – United States (1858–1911) Jagadeesh Moodera – India, United States (born 1950) Merritt Moore – United States (born 1988) Henry Moseley – U.K. (1887–1915) Rudolf Mössbauer – Germany (1929–2011), Nobel laureate Nevill Mott – U.K. (1905–1996), Nobel laureate Ben Roy Mottelson – Denmark, United States (1926–2022), Nobel laureate Amédée Mouchez – Spain, France (1821–1892) Ali Moustafa – Egypt (1898–1950) José Enrique Moyal – Ottoman Empire, Mandatory Palestine, France, U.K., United States, Australia (1910–1998) Christine Muschik – Germany Karl Alexander Müller – Switzerland (1927–2023), Nobel laureate Richard A. Muller – United States (born 1944) Robert S. Mulliken – United States (1896–1986) Pieter van Musschenbroek – Netherlands (1692–1762)

N Yoichiro Nambu – Japan, United States (1921–2015), Nobel laureate Meenakshi Narain – United States (1964–2022) Jayant Narlikar – India (1938–2025) Quirino Navarro – Filipino nuclear physicist and chemist (1936–2002) Seth Neddermeyer – United States (1907–1988) Louis Néel – France (1904–2000), Nobel laureate Yuval Ne'eman – Mandatory Palestine, Israel (1925–2006) Ann Nelson – United States (1958–2019) John von Neumann – Austria-Hungary, United States (1903–1957) Simon Newcomb – United States (1835–1909) Sir Isaac Newton – England (1642–1727) Edward P. Ney – United States (1920–1996) Kendal Nezan – France, Kurdistan (born 1949) Holger Bech Nielsen – Denmark (born 1941) Leopoldo Nobili – Grand Duchy of Tuscany (1784–1835) Emmy Noether – Germany (1882–1935) Lothar Nordheim – Germany (1899–1985) Gunnar Nordström – Russian Empire, Finland (1881–1923) Johann Gottlieb Nörremberg – Germany (1787–1862) Konstantin Novoselov – Soviet Union, Russia, U.K. (born 1974), Nobel laureate H. Pierre Noyes – United States (1923–2016) John Nye – U.K. (1923–2019)

O Yuri Oganessian – Soviet Union, Russia (born 1933) Georg Ohm – Germany (1789–1854) Hideo Ohno – Japan (born 1954) Susumu Okubo – Japan, United States (1930–2015) Sir Mark Oliphant – Australia (1901–2000) David Olive – U.K. (1937–2012) Zaira Ollano – Italy (1904–1997) Gerard K. O'Neill – United States (1927–1992) Heike Kamerlingh Onnes – Netherlands (1853–1926) Lars Onsager – Norway (1903–1976) Robert Oppenheimer – United States (1904–1967) Nicole Oresme – France (1325–1382) Yuri Orlov – Soviet Union, United States (1924–2020) Leonard Salomon Ornstein – Netherlands (1880–1941) Egon Orowan – Austria-Hungary, United States (1901–1989) Hans Christian Ørsted – Denmark (1777–1851) Douglas Dean Osheroff – United States (born 1945), Nobel laureate Silke Ospelkaus – Germany Mikhail Vasilievich Ostrogradsky – Russian Empire (1801–1862)

P Thanu Padmanabhan – India (1957–2021) Heinz Pagels – United States (1939–1988) Abraham Pais – Netherlands, United States (1918–2000) Wolfgang K. H. Panofsky – Germany, United States (1919–2007) Giorgio Parisi – Italy (born 1948), Nobel laureate Blaise Pascal – France (1623–1662) John Pasta – United States (1918–1984) Sabrina Gonzalez Pasterski – United States (born 1993) Amalia Patanè – Italian professor of physics at the University of Nottingham Jogesh Pati – United States (born 1937) Petr Paucek – United States Stephen Paul – United States (1953–2012) Wolfgang Paul – Germany (1913–1993), Nobel laureate Wolfgang Pauli – Austria-Hungary (1900–1958), Nobel laureate Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin – United States (1900–1979), astronomer and astrophysicist Ruby Payne-Scott – Australia (1912–1981) George B. Pegram – United States (1876–1958) Rudolf Peierls – Germany, U.K. (1907–1995) Jean Peltier – France (1785–1845) Roger Penrose – U.K. (born 1931), Wolf laureate, mathematician Arno Allan Penzias – United States (1933–2024), Nobel laureate, electrical engineer Martin Lewis Perl – United States (1927–2014), Nobel laureate Saul Perlmutter – United States (born 1959), Nobel laureate Jean Baptiste Perrin – France (1870–1942), Nobel laureate Mario Petrucci – U.K. (born 1958) Konstantin Petrzhak – Russian Empire, Soviet Union, Russia (1907–1998) Bernhard Philberth – Germany (1927–2010) William Daniel Phillips – United States (born 1948), Nobel laureate Max Planck – Germany (1858–1947), Nobel laureate Joseph Plateau – Belgium (1801–1883) Milton S. Plesset – United States (1908–1991) Ward Plummer – United States (1940–2020) Boris Podolsky – Russian Empire, Soviet Union (1896–1966) Henri Poincaré – France (1854–1912), mathematician Eric Poisson – Canada (born 1965) Siméon Denis Poisson – France (1781–1840), mathematician Balthasar van der Pol – Netherlands (1889–1959), electrical engineer Joseph Polchinski – United States (1954–2018) Hugh David Politzer – United States (born 1949), Nobel laureate John Polkinghorne – U.K. (1930–2021) Julianne Pollard-Larkin – United States Alexander M. Polyakov – Soviet Union, United States (born 1945) Bruno Pontecorvo – Italy, Soviet Union, Russia (1913–1993) Heraclides Ponticus – Greece (387–312 BC) Heinz Pose – Germany (1905–1975) Cecil Frank Powell – U.K. (1903–1969), Nobel laureate John Henry Poynting – U.K. (1852–1914) Ludwig Prandtl – Germany (1875–1953) Willibald Peter Prasthofer – Austria (1917–1993) Ilya Prigogine – Belgium (1917–2003) Alexander Prokhorov – Russian Empire, Soviet Union, Russia (1916–2002), Nobel laureate William Prout – U.K. (1785–1850) Luigi Puccianti – Italy (1875–1952) Ivan Pulyuy – Austrian Empire, Austria-Hungary (1845–1918) Mihajlo Idvorski Pupin – Austrian Empire, Austria-Hungary, Serbia, United States (1858–1935) Edward Mills Purcell – United States (1912–1997), Nobel laureate

Q Xuesen Qian – China (1911–2009) Abu sahl Al-Quhi – İran (born 940) Helen Quinn – Australia, United States (born 1943)

R Raúl Rabadán – United States Gabriele Rabel – Austria, United Kingdom (1880–1963) Isidor Isaac Rabi – Austria, United States (1898–1988), Nobel laureate Giulio Racah – Italian-Israeli (1909–1965) James Rainwater – United States (1917–1986), Nobel laureate Mark G. Raizen – United States (born 1955) Alladi Ramakrishnan – British Empire, India (1923–2008) Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman – British Empire, India (1888–1970), Nobel laureate Edward Ramberg – United States (1907–1995) Carl Ramsauer – Germany (1879–1955) Norman Foster Ramsey, Jr. – United States (1915–2011), Nobel laureate Lisa Randall – United States (born 1962) Riccardo Rattazzi – Italy (born 1964) Lord Rayleigh – U.K. (1842–1919), Nobel laureate René Antoine Ferchault de Réaumur – France (1683–1757) Sidney Redner – Canada, United States (born 1951) Martin John Rees – U.K. (born 1942) Hubert Reeves – Canada (born 1932) Tullio Regge – Italy (1931–2014) Frederick Reines – United States (1918–1998), Nobel laureate Louis Rendu – France (1789–1859) Osborne Reynolds – U.K. (1842–1912) Owen Willans Richardson – U.K. (1879–1959), Nobel laureate Robert Coleman Richardson – United States (1937–2013), Nobel laureate Burton Richter – United States (1931–2018), Nobel laureate Floyd K. Richtmyer – United States (1881–1939) Robert D. Richtmyer – United States (1910–2003) Charlotte Riefenstahl – Germany (1899–1993) Nikolaus Riehl – Germany (1901–1990) Adam Riess – United States (born 1969), Nobel laureate Karl-Heinrich Riewe – Germany Walther Ritz – Switzerland (1878–1909) Étienne-Gaspard Robert – Belgium (1763–1837) Heinrich Rohrer – Switzerland (1933–2013), Nobel laureate Joseph Romm – United States (born 1960) Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen – Germany (1845–1923), Nobel laureate Clemens C. J. Roothaan – Netherlands (1918–2019) Nathan Rosen – United States, Israel (1909–1995) Marshall Rosenbluth – United States (1927–2003) Yasha Rosenfeld – Israel (1948–2002) Carl-Gustav Arvid Rossby – Sweden, United States (1898–1957) Bruno Rossi – Italy, United States (1905–1993) Joseph Rotblat – Russian Empire, Poland, U.K. (1908–2005) Carlo Rovelli – Italy (born 1956) Mary Laura Chalk Rowles – United States (1904–1996) Subrata Roy – India, United States Carlo Rubbia – Italy (born 1934), Nobel laureate Vera Rubin – United States (1928–2016) Serge Rudaz – Canada, United States (born 1954) David Ruelle – Belgium, France (born 1935) Ernst August Friedrich Ruska – Germany (1906–1988), Nobel laureate Ernest Rutherford – New Zealand, U.K. (1871–1937) Janne Rydberg – Sweden (1854–1919) Martin Ryle – U.K. (1918–1984), Nobel laureate

S Subir Sachdev – United States (born 1961) Mendel Sachs – United States (1927–2012) Rainer K. Sachs – Germany and United States (born 1932) Robert G. Sachs – United States (1916–1999) Carl Sagan – United States (1934–1996) Georges-Louis le Sage – Switzerland (1724–1803) Georges Sagnac – France (1869–1926) Meghnad Saha – Bengali India (1893–1956) Shoichi Sakata – Japan (1911–1970) Andrei Dmitrievich Sakharov – Soviet Union (1929–1989) Oscar Sala – Brazil (1922–2010) Abdus Salam – Pakistan (1926–1996), Nobel laureate Edwin Ernest Salpeter – Austria, Australia, United States (1924–2008) Anthony Ichiro Sanda – Japan, United States (born 1944) Leonard Sander – United States (living) Antonella De Santo – Italy, U.K. Vikram Sarabhai – India (1919–1971) Isidor Sauers – Austria (born 1948) Félix Savart – France (1791–1841) Brendan Scaife – Ireland (born 1928) Martin Schadt – Switzerland (born 1938) Arthur Leonard Schawlow – United States (1921–1999), Nobel laureate Craige Schensted – United States Joël Scherk – France (1946–1979) Otto Scherzer – Germany (1909–1982) Brian Schmidt – Australia, United States (born 1967), Nobel laureate Alan Schoen – Uni