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List of pipeline accidents in the United States in the 1990s

List of pipeline accidents in the United States in the 1990s is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand List of pipeline accidents in the United States in the 1990s rather than just read about it. In short: The following is a list of pipeline accidents in the United States in the 1990s. It is one of several lists of U.S. pipeline accidents.

Key takeaways

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Reference excerpt

The following is a list of pipeline accidents in the United States in the 1990s. It is one of several lists of U.S. pipeline accidents. See also: list of natural gas and oil production accidents in the United States.

Incidents This is not a complete list of all pipeline accidents. For natural gas alone, the Pipeline and Hazardous Materials Safety Administration (PHMSA), a United States Department of Transportation agency, has collected data on more than 3,200 accidents deemed serious or significant since 1987. A "significant incident" results in any of the following consequences:

Fatality or injury requiring in-patient hospitalization. $50,000 or more in total costs, measured in 1984 dollars. Liquid releases of five or more barrels (42 US gal/barrel). Releases resulting in an unintentional fire or explosion. PHMSA and the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) post-incident data and results of investigations into accidents involving pipelines that carry a variety of products, including natural gas, oil, diesel fuel, gasoline, kerosene, jet fuel, carbon dioxide, and other substances. Occasionally pipelines are re-purposed to carry different products.

1990 January 2 – An ExxonMobil underwater pipeline, located at the mouth of Morse Creek, discharged approximately 567.000 gallons of No. 2 heating oil into the Arthur Kill waterway, between New Jersey, and Staten Island, New York. Later, it was disclosed that the pipeline controlling system had been giving false leak alarms before, and had automatically shut down that day, for a leak being detected, but was restarted twice after that. January 13 – A Sunoco pump facility, in Seminole County, Oklahoma, leaked about 14,700 gallons of petroleum products. February 13 – An ExxonMobil 18 inch pipeline failed near Crane, Texas, spilling 20,027 barrels of petroleum. The pipe failed from external corrosion. March 6 – A bank was destroyed in Crested Butte, Colorado from a leaking propane gas main. 3 employees were killed, and 14 others injured. A ruptured pipe coupling and a pipe separated from a coupling were found on the gas main during the investigation into the explosion. March 13 – A TEPPCO Partners propane pipeline ruptured, sending out propane vapors that later caught fire, in North Blenheim, New York. Stress from previous work done on the pipeline caused the pipeline rupture and vapor cloud that moved downhill into a town. Two people were killed, seven persons injured, 8 homes destroyed, and more than $4 million in property damage, and other costs resulted when the cloud ignited. March 30 – A Buckeye Partners 10-inch pipeline ruptured from overstress, due to a landslide in Freeport, Pennsylvania, resulting in the release of approximately 1,300 barrels (210 m3) of mixed petroleum products. Spilled petroleum products entered Knapp's Run, a small creek emptying into the Allegheny River and, eventually, the Ohio River. The product release resulted in extensive ground and water pollution and interrupted the use of the Allegheny River as a water supply for several communities, causing severe water shortages in those areas. Damage to the pipeline and environmental cleanup and restoration costs exceeded $12 million. A 6-hour delay in Buckeye contacting the federal National Response Center were also noted. April – A pipeline rupture spilled about 294,000 gallons of crude oil into the Sabana River, near Gorman, Texas. April 1 – A Mid-Valley crude oil pipeline failed, due to external corrosion, near Leitchfield, Kentucky. About 3,000 gallons of crude oil were spilled. April 2 – Six people were treated for injuries from explosions in Danvers, Massachusetts, sparked by gas leaks after a Boston Gas Co. worker accidentally fed high pressurized natural gas into a low-pressure system serving homes. The explosions occurred in houses and condominiums on Beaver Park Avenue and Maple, Lafayette, and Venice streets. Several injuries were reported. May 6 – A spool on a Texaco pipeline off of the Louisiana coast ruptured. 13,600 barrels (2,160 m3) of crude oil were estimated to have spilled. August 13 – A 10-inch Koch Industries pipeline failed in Linwood, Wisconsin, spilling about 7,980 gallons of gasoline, forcing 12 nearby families to evacuate, and shutting down a nearby railroad. August 29 – A private contractor laying conduit for underground power lines ruptured a pipeline that fouled a Western Branch creek with diesel fuel in Chesapeake, Virginia. Over 67,000 US gallons (250,000 L) of fuel were spilled. August 29 – A natural gas explosion and fire destroyed two row houses and damaged two adjacent houses and three parked cars in Allentown, Pennsylvania. One person was killed, and nine people, including two firefighters, were injured. A cracked gas main, that was stressed by soil erosion from a nearby broken water line, was the cause of the gas leak. November 5 – An Amoco crude oil pipeline ruptured near Ethel, Missouri on a farm, fouling over 35 miles (56 km) of the Chariton River. About 2,400 barrels of crude were spilled. November 8 – A Williams LPG pipeline failed in Whiteside County, Illinois, from a drain valve leak, killing 1 person and injuring 1 other. November 23 – It was announced that at least 3 leaks that spilled over a thousand gallons of oil were found in a pipeline in Cerritos, California. One of the failed section of pipeline was 6 to 7 years old. December 9 – A gas system valve between one of Fort Benjamin Harrison, near Indianapolis, Indiana, gas distribution systems and a discontinued steel gas system segment was inadvertently opened, allowing natural gas to enter residential buildings that had previously received their gas from the discontinued segment. Gas accumulating in Building 1025 of Harrison Village was ignited by one of many available sources, and the resulting explosion killed 2 occupants and injured 24 other persons. One building was destroyed, and two others were damaged. December 18 – A bulldozer hit a pipeline supplying jet fuel from a West Texas refinery, to Carswell Air Force Base in Fort Worth, Texas, on December 18, spilling 20,000 gallons of jet fuel. 100 people in nearby apartments were evacuated for a time.

… excerpt ends here. Continue reading the full article.

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with List of pipeline accidents in the United States in the 1990s

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what List of pipeline accidents in the United States in the 1990s claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to List of pipeline accidents in the United States in the 1990s before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about List of pipeline accidents in the United States in the 1990s ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of List of pipeline accidents in the United States in the 1990s

In research: List of pipeline accidents in the United States in the 1990s appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses List of pipeline accidents in the United States in the 1990s in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: List of pipeline accidents in the United States in the 1990s is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Lists of pipeline accidents in the United States, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for List of pipeline accidents in the United States in the 1990s outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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Frequently asked questions

What is List of pipeline accidents in the United States in the 1990s in simple terms?

The following is a list of pipeline accidents in the United States in the 1990s. It is one of several lists of U.S. pipeline accidents.

Why does List of pipeline accidents in the United States in the 1990s matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study List of pipeline accidents in the United States in the 1990s?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on List of pipeline accidents in the United States in the 1990s.