List of web browsers

Key takeaways

List of web browsers belongs to computer science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect List of web browsers to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of List of web browsers from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

As of June 2025

The following is a list of notable web browsers.

Layout engines Gecko is developed by the Mozilla Foundation. Goanna is a fork of Gecko developed by Moonchild Productions. Servo is an experimental web browser layout engine being developed cooperatively by Mozilla and Samsung. In 2020 the engine's development was transferred to the Linux Foundation. Presto was developed by Opera Software for use in Opera. Development stopped as Opera transitioned to Blink. Trident is developed by Microsoft for use in the Windows versions of Internet Explorer 4 to Internet Explorer 11. EdgeHTML is the engine developed by Microsoft for Edge [Legacy]. It is a largely rewritten fork of Trident with all legacy code removed. Tasman was developed by Microsoft for use in Internet Explorer 5 for Macintosh. KHTML was developed by the KDE project but has since been discontinued. WebKit is a fork of KHTML by Apple Inc. used in Apple Safari, and formerly in Chromium and Google Chrome. Blink is a 2013 fork of WebKit's WebCore component by Google used in Chromium, Google Chrome, Brave, Microsoft Edge, Opera, and Vivaldi.

Graphical

Trident shells Other software publishers have built browsers and other products around Microsoft's Trident engine. The following browsers are all based on that rendering engine:

360 Secure Browser AOL Explorer Deepnet Explorer GreenBrowser Internet Explorer MediaBrowser MSN Explorer NeoPlanet NetCaptor QQ Browser Yahoo! Browser (or partnership browsers e.g. "AT&T Yahoo! Browser"; "Verizon Yahoo! Browser"; "BT Yahoo! Browser", etc.)

Gecko-based Camino for macOS (formerly Chimera) Conkeror, (keyboard-driven browser) Galeon, (GNOME's old default browser) K-Meleon (Windows) K-MeleonCCF ME (for Windows based on K-Meleon core, written mostly in Lua) K-Ninja (for Windows based on K-Meleon) MicroB (for Maemo) Minimo (for mobile) Mozilla Firefox (formerly Firebird and Phoenix, developed by the Mozilla Foundation) AT&T Pogo (based on Firefox) Cliqz (Firefox fork) Comodo IceDragon (Firefox-based web browser for Windows with privacy and performance enhancements, developed by Xcitium formerly Comodo Security Solutions) Flock (was based on Firefox until version 2.6.1, and then based on Chromium) Floorp (based on Firefox with more customizing options) Iceweasel (Debian's Firefox rebrand) GNU IceCat (GNU's fork of Firefox) LibreWolf Netscape Browser 8 to Netscape Navigator 9 (discontinued) TenFourFox (Firefox port to PowerPC versions of Mac OS X) Timberwolf (AmigaOS' Firefox rebrand) Tor Browser (privacy focused browser) Mullvad Browser (based on Tor Browser) Swiftfox (processor-optimised builds based on Firefox) Waterfox (Firefox-based web browser for Windows, macOS, and Linux) xB Browser (formerly XeroBank Browser and Torpark), portable browser for anonymous browsing, originally based on Firefox Zen Browser Firefox for Android (codenamed Fenix) Mozilla Application Suite Beonex Communicator (separate branch, based on Mozilla Application Suite) Classilla (an updated fork of the Suite to Mac OS 9) Gnuzilla (GNU's fork) Netscape (Netscape 6 to 7, based on Mozilla) SeaMonkey (successor to Mozilla Application Suite) Iceape (Debian's Seamonkey rebrand) Skyfire (for mobile) SlimBrowser

Goanna-based Basilisk – similar to Pale Moon, but with the interface of Firefox 29–56 and a few other differences K-Meleon – starting from version 77 (2019) Pale Moon – a fork of Firefox that maintains support for XUL/XPCOM extensions and retains the user interface of the Firefox 4–28 era

Gecko- and Trident-based Browsers that use both Trident and Gecko include:

K-Meleon with the IE Tab extension Mozilla Firefox with the IE Tab extension Netscape Browser 8

Webkit- and Trident-based GNOME Web Maxthon (up until version 4.2) QQ browser

Blink- and Trident-based Baidu Browser Maxthon (since version 4.2) Microsoft Edge

Gecko-, Trident-, and Blink-based Browsers that can use Trident, Gecko and Blink include:

Lunascape

KHTML-based Konqueror Konqueror Embedded

Presto-based Internet Channel (for Wii console, Opera-based) Nintendo DS Browser (Opera-based) Opera (for releases up until 12.18)

WebKit-based Safari Arora Bolt Dolphin Browser DuckDuckGo browser for macOS Flock since version 3.0 iCab since version 4 GNOME Web Iris Browser Konqueror (version 4 can use WebKit as an alternative to its native KHTML) Maxthon from version 3.0 to 5.0 Midori before acquisition by Astian Foundation NetFront OmniWeb Orion Otter Browser Origyn Web Browser QtWeb qutebrowser PhantomJS Shiira SlimBrowser since version 10.0 Steel surf Uzbl Nokia Browser for Symbian WebPositive xombrero

Blink-based Chromium Free and open source Beaker (discontinued) Brave Qt WebEngine Dooble (from Version 2.2) Falkon qutebrowser (Blink backend mostly stable) Proprietary Ungoogled-chromium Amazon Silk Arc Avast Secure Browser ChatGPT Atlas Cốc Cốc Comodo Dragon Epic Google Chrome (based on Blink since Chrome v. 28) JioPages Microsoft Edge NAVER Whale DuckDuckGo for Android and Windows Opera Opera GX Puffin Browser Redcore Rockmelt SalamWeb Sleipnir SRWare Iron Torch Vivaldi Yandex Browser

EdgeHTML-based Microsoft Edge [Legacy]

For Java platform BOLT Browser HotJava Opera Mini (only the Android version is actively developed as of 2022) ThunderHawk

Specialty browsers

Browsers created for enhancements of specific browsing activities.

Current ZAC Browser (for children with autism, autism spectrum disorders such as Asperger syndrome, pervasive developmental disorders (PDD), and PDD-NOS)

Discontinued Flock (to enhance social networking, blogging, photo-sharing, and RSS news-reading) Ghostzilla (blends into the GUI to hide activity) Gollum browser (created specially for browsing Wikipedia) Kirix Strata (designed for data analytics) Miro (a media browser that integrates a BitTorrent addon) Nightingale (open source audio player and web browser based on the Songbird (see below) media player source code) Prodigy Classic (executable only within the application) Rockmelt (designed to combine web browsing, and social activities such as Facebook and Twitter into a unified one window experience) Songbird (browser with advanced audio streaming features and built-in media player with library) SpaceTime (search the web in 3D)

Mosaic-based Mosaic was the first widely used web browser. The National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) licensed the technology and many companies built their own web browser on Mosaic. The best known are the first versions of Internet Explorer and Netscape.

… excerpt ends here. Continue reading the full article.

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with List of web browsers

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what List of web browsers claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In computer science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to List of web browsers before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about List of web browsers ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of List of web browsers

In research: List of web browsers appears in computer science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses List of web browsers in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: List of web browsers is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Lists of software, Web browsers, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for List of web browsers outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

How to study List of web browsers in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what List of web browsers means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain List of web browsers out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is List of web browsers in simple terms?

As of June 2025 The following is a list of notable web browsers. Layout engines Gecko is developed by the Mozilla Foundation.

Why does List of web browsers matter?

Because it connects several computer science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study List of web browsers?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on List of web browsers.