science

Lommatzsch Libelle

Lommatzsch Libelle is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Lommatzsch Libelle rather than just read about it. In short: The Lommatzsch Libelle or VBAL Libelle was an advanced, high performance training glider built in the GDR in the 1950s. There were several variants and over 100 were built.

Key takeaways

Lommatzsch Libelle belongs to science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Lommatzsch Libelle to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Lommatzsch Libelle from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

The Lommatzsch Libelle or VBAL Libelle was an advanced, high performance training glider built in the GDR in the 1950s. There were several variants and over 100 were built.

Design and development The Foreign Trade Bank of the USSR was responsible for funding for aircraft development centres in the GDR, including the factory at Lommatzsch which was responsible for glider design and production and was known as VEB Apparatebau Lommatzsch or VBAL. In 1955 they began the design of a single seat, high performance, wooden glider capable of providing training in advanced soaring and basic aerobatics. The first prototype, the VBAL 55 Libelle (Dragonfly) or Lom 55 V1 for short, had a butterfly tail and was first flown 13 February 1957 by Karl Treuter. The V2 had a similar tail and was used for stress testing. Flight testing led to production variants with conventional tails. The Lom 55 and three of its five production variants had a wingspan of 16.50 m (54 ft 2 in) but the Lom 58 and 58/I were Standard Class gliders with 15.00 m (49 ft 3 in) spans. The final variant, the Lom 58/II, had a 16.50 m (54 ft 2 in) span laminar flow wing. The wood and fabric Libelle had a two-piece, mid-mounted, single spar wing of trapezoidal plan out to slightly blunted tips, apart from those of the two Standard class variants which ended in salmon tip fairings. The wing was plywood-covered ahead of the spar, forming a torsion resistant D-box, and fabric-covered behind. Exceptionally, the laminar flow wing of the Lom 58/II was dural-foil covered. The ailerons of this variant were single-piece but on all others they were divided. Three variants, the Lom 57/I, 58/I and 58/II, had flaps. All variants had spoilers. Apart from the two V-tailed prototypes, all Libelles had very similar fuselages. These were built in two parts, wooden-framed and fabric covered forwards and a ply-skinned monocoque, circular section rear. The fin and broad rudder was largely straight-edged, though blunted at the top and rounded near the rudder base. The tailplane, mounted on top of the fuselage and at its end, was trapezoidal in plan apart from blunted tips and carried narrow, tapered elevators. Fixed tail surfaces were ply-covered and control surfaces fabric-covered. The Libelle landed on a rubber-sprung, semi-recessed, fixed monowheel located ahead of the wing trailing edge, assisted by a short skid under the nose and a small tailskid.

Operational history The first two production Libelles were accepted in August 1958 and the final production total was about 110. Most numerous were the Standard Class variants, of which about 70 were built. Libelles were prominent in national gliding contests; 17 out of 37 contestants flew them in 1959 at the first of these, including the winner, Manfred Blauer. The laminar-wing versions, of which 22 were built, also set national speed and distance records. The last Libelle in the GDR was retired in 1987.

Variants Lom 55 Prototypes. Two built for flight (V-1 and V-3) and another, V-2, for stress testing. V-1 had a V-tail; first flown 13 February 1957. V-3, first flown June 1957, had a conventional crucifix tail, as did all production variants. Lom 57 First production type. Length 6.80 m (22 ft 4 in). First flown June 1957. Lom 57/I Length 6.60 m (21 ft 8 in). Monowheel fairing introduced and used on later variants. Together, 13 Lom 57s and 57/Is built. Lom 57/II Project only, 19 m (62 ft 4 in) span. Lom 58 Standard class Libelle with 15 m (49 ft 3 in) span. Fuselage as Lom 57. Lom 58/I Standard class, wing as Lom 58. Length 6.60 m (21 ft 8 in). First flew 27 February 1959. About 70 Lom 58s and 58/Is built. Lom 58/II Laminar wing. Length 6.60 m (21 ft 8 in). 22 built.

Aircraft on display Though several airframes survive only 58/II Libelle Laminar DM-2668, in the Deutsches Segelflugmuseum mit Modellflug on the Wasserkuppe, is on public display.

Specifications (Lom-58/I Libelle Standard) Data from The World's Sailplanes vol II (1963)General characteristics Crew: One Length: 6.60 m (21 ft 8 in) Wingspan: 15.0 m (49 ft 3 in) Wing area: 13.76 m2 (148.1 sq ft) Aspect ratio: 16.35 Airfoil: root Göttingen Gö 549 mod.; mid Göttingen Gö 549 : tip Göttingen Gö 549 mod. Empty weight: 210 kg (463 lb) equipped Gross weight: 300 kg (661 lb) Dihedral: 3° Performance

Stall speed: 50 km/h (31 mph, 27 kn) Never exceed speed: 200 km/h (120 mph, 110 kn) placard, smooth air Max rough air speed: 130 km/h (81 mph; 70 kn) Maximum aero tow speed: 130 km/h (81 mph; 70 kn) Maximum winch speed: 100 km/h (62 mph; 54 kn) g limits: 4.45g at 154 km/h (96 mph; 83 kn) 4.45g at 233 km/h (145 mph; 126 kn) —2.23g at 224 km/h (139 mph; 121 kn) —2.23g at 194 km/h (121 mph; 105 kn) Maximum glide ratio: 28.5 at 78.5 km/h (48.8 mph; 42.4 kn) (best L/D) Rate of sink: 0.73 m/s (144 ft/min) at 74 km/h (46 mph; 40 kn) (minimum) Wing loading: 21.8 kg/m2 (4.5 lb/sq ft)

References

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Lommatzsch Libelle

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Lommatzsch Libelle claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Lommatzsch Libelle before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Lommatzsch Libelle ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Lommatzsch Libelle

In research: Lommatzsch Libelle appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Lommatzsch Libelle in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Lommatzsch Libelle is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1950s German sailplanes, Aircraft first flown in 1957, Glider aircraft, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Lommatzsch Libelle outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Lommatzsch Libelle in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Lommatzsch Libelle means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
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Frequently asked questions

What is Lommatzsch Libelle in simple terms?

The Lommatzsch Libelle or VBAL Libelle was an advanced, high performance training glider built in the GDR in the 1950s. There were several variants and over 100 were built.

Why does Lommatzsch Libelle matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Lommatzsch Libelle?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Lommatzsch Libelle.