science

Lophioneurida

Lophioneurida is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Lophioneurida rather than just read about it. In short: Lophioneurida is an extinct suborder of Thysanoptera, dating from the Carboniferous to the Cretaceous. It is likely paraphyletic, with modern thrips having evolved from members of the group.

Key takeaways

Lophioneurida belongs to science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Lophioneurida to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Lophioneurida from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Lophioneurida is an extinct suborder of Thysanoptera, dating from the Carboniferous to the Cretaceous. It is likely paraphyletic, with modern thrips having evolved from members of the group.

Taxonomy After ULITZKA, 2021

Order †Lophioneurida Tillyard Family †Lophioneuridae Tillyard †Austrocypha Tillyard, 1935 Croudace Bay Formation, Australia, Late Permian (Changhsingian) †Burmacypha Zherikhin, 2000 Burmese amber, Myanmar, Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) †Cyphoneura Carpenter, 1932 Wellington Formation, Kansas, Early Permian (Artinskian) †Cyphoneurodes Becker-Migdisova, 1953 Wellington Formation, Kansas, Early Permian (Artinskian) †Lophiocypha Tillyard, 1935 : Iva-Gora Beds Formation, Arkangelsk, Russia Middle Permian (Roadian) Croudace Bay Formation, Australia, Late Permian (Changhsingian) †Lophioneura Tillyard, 1921 Newcastle Coal Measures, Australia Late Permian (Wuchiapingian) Croudace Bay Formation, Australia, Late Permian (Changhsingian) †Lophioneurodes Becker-Migdisova 1953 Tersinskaya Formation, Kemerovo, Russia Early Permian (Kungurian) †Lophiosina Nel et al. 2014 Daohugou, China, Middle-Late Jurassic (Bathonian-Oxfordian) †Jantardachus Vishnyakova, 1981 Taimyr amber, Russia, Late Cretaceous (Santonian) †Karataocypha Vishnyakova, 1981 Karabastau Formation, Middle/Upper Jurassic (Callovian-Oxfordian) †Undacypha Vishnyakova, 1981 Green Series, Germany, Early Jurassic, (Toarcian) Daohugou, China, Middle-Late Jurassic (Bathonian-Oxfordian) Glushkovo Formation, Russia, Upper Jurassic (Tithonian) Koonwarra fossil bed, Australia, Early Cretaceous (Aptian) †Vitriala Becker-Migdisova, 1961 Mitina Formation, Kemerovo, Russia Middle Permian (Roadian) †Moundthripidae Nel, Azar & Nel †Moundthrips Nel, Azar & Nel, 2007 Lebanese amber, Early Cretaceous (Barremian) Family †Westphalothripidesidae Nel, Azar, Prokop, Roques, Hodebert & Nel †Westphalothripides Nel, Azar, Prokop, Roques, Hodebert & Nel, 2012 France, Late Carboniferous (Westphalian) Family †Zoropsocidae Tillyard †Mogsonus Vishnyakova, 1981 Badin Formation, Russia, Late Jurassic (Oxfordian/Kimmeridgian) †Tschekardus Vishnyakova, 1981 Koshelevka Formation, Russia, Kungurian †Zoropsocoides Vishnyakova, 1981 Kazankovo-Markinskaya Formation, Russia, Middle Permian (Wordian) †Zoropsocus Tillyard, 1935 Kazankovo-Markinskaya Formation, Russia, Middle Permian (Wordian) Croudace Bay Formation, Australia, Late Permian (Changhsingian), Akkolka Formation, Kazakhstan, Changhsingian

References

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Lophioneurida

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Lophioneurida claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Lophioneurida before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Lophioneurida ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Lophioneurida

In research: Lophioneurida appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Lophioneurida in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Lophioneurida is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Carboniferous insects, Cretaceous insects, Extinct insect orders, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Lophioneurida outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Lophioneurida in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Lophioneurida means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Lophioneurida out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Lophioneurida in simple terms?

Lophioneurida is an extinct suborder of Thysanoptera, dating from the Carboniferous to the Cretaceous. It is likely paraphyletic, with modern thrips having evolved from members of the group.

Why does Lophioneurida matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Lophioneurida?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Lophioneurida.