science

Lu Shixin

Lu Shixin is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Lu Shixin rather than just read about it. In short: Lu Shixin (Chinese: 陆士新; 12 December 1929 – 6 December 2019) was a Chinese cancer pathologist. He served as President of the Tumour Institute of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and was elected an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1997.

Key takeaways

Lu Shixin belongs to science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Lu Shixin to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Lu Shixin from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Lu Shixin (Chinese: 陆士新; 12 December 1929 – 6 December 2019) was a Chinese cancer pathologist. He served as President of the Tumour Institute of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and was elected an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1997.

Biography Lu was born on 12 December 1929 in Yancheng, Jiangsu, Republic of China. He studied at Dalian Medical University from 1951 to 1956. He subsequently went to Romania to study at the University of Medicine and Pharmacy Bucharest, earning an associate doctor degree in 1961. After returning to China, he worked as a researcher at the Institute of Experimental Medicine of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) and then at the Tumour Institute and Tumour Hospital of the CAMS. From 1988 he served as President of the Tumour Institute. Lu was a pioneer in molecular cancer pathology in China. He showed that nitrosamines cause esophagus cancer, and discovered a new carcinogenic nitrosamine, N-3-methylbutyl-N-1-methylacetonylnitrosamine (MAMBNA), isolated from the gastric fluid of cancer patients. He studied the molecular mechanism of the carcinogenesis of esophagus cancer, stem cells of the cancer, and its chemical prevention. He won the National Science Congress Award in 1978, the State Natural Science Award (Third Class) in 1988, and the State Science and Technology Progress Award (Third Class) in 1996. He was elected an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1997. Lu died on 6 December 2019 in Beijing, aged 89.

References

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Lu Shixin

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Lu Shixin claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Lu Shixin before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Lu Shixin ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Lu Shixin

In research: Lu Shixin appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Lu Shixin in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Lu Shixin is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1929 births, 2019 deaths, Academic staff of Peking Union Medical College, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Lu Shixin outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Lu Shixin in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Lu Shixin means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Lu Shixin out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Lu Shixin in simple terms?

Why does Lu Shixin matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Lu Shixin?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Lu Shixin.