biology

Lucio Bini

Lucio Bini is a biology topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Lucio Bini rather than just read about it. In short: Lucio Bini (18 September 1908 – 15 August 1964) was an Italian psychiatrist and professor at the University of Rome La Sapienza, Italy. Together with Ugo Cerletti, a neurophysiologist and a psychiatrist, he researched and discovered the method of electroconvulsive therapy, a type of shock therapy for mental diseases.

Key takeaways

Lucio Bini belongs to biology; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Lucio Bini to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Lucio Bini from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Lucio Bini (18 September 1908 – 15 August 1964) was an Italian psychiatrist and professor at the University of Rome La Sapienza, Italy. Together with Ugo Cerletti, a neurophysiologist and a psychiatrist, he researched and discovered the method of electroconvulsive therapy, a type of shock therapy for mental diseases. He is regarded as the technical and physiological architect of electroconvulsive therapy, designing the original Cerletti–Bini apparatus used to induce therapeutic seizures in patients with psychotic disorders in 1938–1939.

References

Kalinowsky, LB: Lucio Bini (September 18, 1908 – 1964). Am J Psychiatry (1965) Apr;121:1041-2.

External Links

Lucio Bini Electroconvulsive Therapy Records from the Menninger Foundation Historic Psychiatry Collection available on Kansas Memory http://www.kansasmemory.org/item/223271

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Lucio Bini

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Lucio Bini claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In biology, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Lucio Bini before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Lucio Bini ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Lucio Bini

In research: Lucio Bini appears in biology research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Lucio Bini in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Lucio Bini is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1908 births, 1964 deaths, 20th-century Italian inventors, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Lucio Bini outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Lucio Bini in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Lucio Bini means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Lucio Bini out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Lucio Bini in simple terms?

Why does Lucio Bini matter?

Because it connects several biology ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Lucio Bini?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Lucio Bini.