science

Luxoro Atlas

Luxoro Atlas is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Luxoro Atlas rather than just read about it. In short: The Tammar Luxoro Atlas, or Atlante Luxoro, is an anonymous collection of Italian portolan charts from the early 15th century, currently held at the Biblioteca Civica Berio in Genoa, Italy. The author is unknown, although believed to have been made by Francesco de Cesanis of Venice.

Key takeaways

Luxoro Atlas belongs to science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Luxoro Atlas to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Luxoro Atlas from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

The Tammar Luxoro Atlas, or Atlante Luxoro, is an anonymous collection of Italian portolan charts from the early 15th century, currently held at the Biblioteca Civica Berio in Genoa, Italy. The author is unknown, although believed to have been made by Francesco de Cesanis of Venice.

Background The Luxoro Atlas is named after Tammar Luxoro, a 19th-century Genoese artist and collector, who once owned it. It was acquired by the city of Genoa in 1899, and is currently held at the Biblioteca Civica Berio in Genoa, Italy. The Luxoro Atlas was once believed to originate from the early 14th century, and sometimes said to have been authored by the Genoese cartographer Pietro Vesconte. However, according to more recent scholars, the Luxoro Atlas was probably made by the Venetian cartographer Francesco de Cesanis, probably a little time before 1421.

Features The atlas is composed of eight sheets of nautical charts. With each sheet at 11 cm x 16 cm, making it the smallest portolan chart from the period still extant. It is believed to have been designed for on-board use. The style is very much that of the Italian school of portolan charts. The eight sheets are separate nautical charts, together covering the "normal portolan" range.

north Atlantic (oriented with South on top, depicting southern England, French coasts, northern Spain) west Mediterranean (oriented E on top, depicting southern Spain, Balearic islands and northwest Africa) central-west Mediterranean (oriented N, depicting southern France, Corsica, Sardinia, Tunisia) central-east Mediterranean (oriented N, with southern Italy, Sicily, western Greece and Tripolitana) Adriatic Sea (oriented S) Aegean Sea (oriented N) East Mediterranean (oriented W, Nile delta, Levantine coast, southern Anatolia) Black Sea (oriented E) Unlike many earlier charts, the Luxoro Atlas makes no attempt to depict any Atlantic islands (not even the Canary Islands), ending the west African coast around Salé, Morocco.

References

Sources Online exhibit (zoomable chart): Portolano Atlante Luxoro at e-corpus Campbell, T. (2011) "Anonymous works and the question of their attribution to individual chartmakers or to their supposed workshops" (online, accessed July 7, 2011) Canale, M.G. (1866) Storia del commercio, dei viaggi, delle scoperte e carte nautiche degl'italiani Genoa: Tip. Sociale. online

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Luxoro Atlas

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Luxoro Atlas claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Luxoro Atlas before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Luxoro Atlas ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Luxoro Atlas

In research: Luxoro Atlas appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Luxoro Atlas in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Luxoro Atlas is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Atlases, Works of unknown authorship, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Luxoro Atlas outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Luxoro Atlas in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Luxoro Atlas means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Luxoro Atlas out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Luxoro Atlas in simple terms?

Why does Luxoro Atlas matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Luxoro Atlas?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Luxoro Atlas.