science

Lynching of John Hartfield

Lynching of John Hartfield is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Lynching of John Hartfield rather than just read about it. In short: John Hartfield was an African-American man who was lynched in Ellisville, Mississippi on June 26, 1919, for allegedly having a white girlfriend. History John Hartfield left his home in Ellisville seeking a better life in East St.

Key takeaways

Lynching of John Hartfield belongs to science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Lynching of John Hartfield to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Lynching of John Hartfield from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

John Hartfield was an African-American man who was lynched in Ellisville, Mississippi on June 26, 1919, for allegedly having a white girlfriend.

History John Hartfield left his home in Ellisville seeking a better life in East St. Louis. In 1919, he traveled back to Ellisville to visit his white girlfriend, Ruth Meeks, taking a job as a hotel porter in Laurel. When the relationship became known to some white men, they determined to kill Hartfield. They accused Hartfield of raping Meeks, whom they claimed was 18, although she was actually in her mid-twenties. Hartfield managed to elude them for a while, but they pursued him for several weeks. Sheriff Allen Boutwell in Laurel raised donations to fund a hunting party with bloodhounds at the request of Sheriff Harbison. He was finally apprehended attempting to board a train on June 24, and was turned over to Sheriff Harbison, who placed him in the charge of a deputy and left town. The deputy immediately released him to a mob. The Jackson Daily News, the New Orleans States, and other newspapers ran headlines that "John Hartfield will be lynched by Ellisville mob at 5:00 this afternoon" and additional text that, "The officers have agreed to turn him over to the people of the city at 5 o'clock this afternoon when it is expected he will be burned". Hartfield had been wounded, so a white doctor, A. J. Carter, treated his wounds to keep him alive long enough to be murdered. At 5:00 PM on June 26, 1919, a large cheering crowd assembled to watch the lynching of Hartfield. Theodore Bilbo, the governor of Mississippi, took no action. Hartfield was hanged in a tall sweet gum tree, then his body was riddled with at least 2000 bullets. His body was then brought to the ground where men cut up the corpse for souvenirs, finally burning what remained. Afterward, commemorative postcards of the lynching were printed and sent out. A story circulated among whites that Hartfield had been hanged from the very same tree where the confederates had hanged three insurgents in the civil war. Governor Bilbo declared, "This is a white man's country, with a white man's civilization and any dream on the part of the Negro race to share social and political equality will be shattered in the end." Days later, a Black man in Perry County was murdered by a mob because he mentioned Hartfield's death. In the 1920s, Ho Chi Minh cited the treatment of Hartsfield in his Selected Works.

References

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Lynching of John Hartfield

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Lynching of John Hartfield claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Lynching of John Hartfield before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Lynching of John Hartfield ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Lynching of John Hartfield

In research: Lynching of John Hartfield appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Lynching of John Hartfield in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Lynching of John Hartfield is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1919 in Mississippi, 1919 murders in the United States, African-American history between emancipation and the civil rights movement, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Lynching of John Hartfield outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Lynching of John Hartfield in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Lynching of John Hartfield means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Lynching of John Hartfield out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Lynching of John Hartfield in simple terms?

John Hartfield was an African-American man who was lynched in Ellisville, Mississippi on June 26, 1919, for allegedly having a white girlfriend. History John Hartfield left his home in Ellisville seeking a better life in East St.

Why does Lynching of John Hartfield matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Lynching of John Hartfield?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Lynching of John Hartfield.