physics

MARMOK-A-5

MARMOK-A-5 is a physics topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand MARMOK-A-5 rather than just read about it. In short: MARMOK-A-5 is an offshore electric generator that uses wave power (energy) to create electricity. This device is a spar buoy installed in the maritime testing site Biscay Marine Energy Platform (BiMEP), in the Bay of Biscay north of Bilbao, Spain, in Spanish territorial waters.

Key takeaways

MARMOK-A-5 belongs to physics; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect MARMOK-A-5 to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of MARMOK-A-5 from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

MARMOK-A-5 is an offshore electric generator that uses wave power (energy) to create electricity. This device is a spar buoy installed in the maritime testing site Biscay Marine Energy Platform (BiMEP), in the Bay of Biscay north of Bilbao, Spain, in Spanish territorial waters. It is the first maritime generator connected to mains electricity, also termed the electrical grid, in Spain, and one of the first in the world. Developed by the Basque company Oceantec Energias Marinas inside the European project Open Sea Wave Operating Experience to Reduce Energy Cost (OPERA), it is delivering electrical energy to the grid since December 2016. The buoy is located in the ocean, 4 km (0 mi) from the coastline and is connected to the sea with a submarine electrical cable. With a nominal power of 30 kW, the main aim of the MARMOK-A-5 device is obtaining results to help design a new generation cost effective high power marine energy generator.

Principle The operating principle of MARMOK-A-5 is a point absorber oscillating Water column (OWC). The device is 5 m (20 ft) in diameter and 42 m (140 ft) long (or high), with 6 m (20 ft) above the water. It has a weight of 79 t (90 short tons). The buoy is floating in around 90 m water depth and is tied to the sea bed with a mooring system based on anchors. This wave energy converter has demonstrated its robustness surviving difficult environmental conditions with waves as big as 14 m (50 ft). The Karratu mooring system used is one cell of a shared mooring system. This is designed to allow each device to move freely while reducing the number of moorings needed for an array or wave farm, thereby reducing costs.

History the concept was initially developed by Oceantec within the European OPERA project. The 30 kW device was first deployed in October 2016 until June 2018, when it was refurbished and redeployed in October 2018 for another year. The device was installed in approximately 85 m (280 ft) water depth. In 2018, Oceantec was acquired by Spanish engineering company IDOM of Bilbao.

Further development in EuropeWave programme IDOM were one of seven companies awarded pre-commercial procurement funding in December 2021 for Stage 1 of the EuropeWave programme, to further develop the device concept. In September 2022, they progressed to Stage 2 with added funding for a front-end loading (or front-end engineering and design) study of a scale-prototype to be tested at sea. IDOM were one of three concepts that progressed to Stage 3, with a share of the €13.4m budget to develop and test a device at BiMEP for a year. In December 2024, IDOM announced plans to re-deploy the MARMOK-A-5 at BiMEP in summer 2025, however this was delayed. The device was successfully re-deployed and connected to the grid in May 2026. It features an improved intelligent control system and onboard batteries.

Notes

References

External links Official website

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with MARMOK-A-5

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what MARMOK-A-5 claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In physics, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to MARMOK-A-5 before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about MARMOK-A-5 ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of MARMOK-A-5

In research: MARMOK-A-5 appears in physics research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses MARMOK-A-5 in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: MARMOK-A-5 is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Wave energy converters, Wave power, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for MARMOK-A-5 outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study MARMOK-A-5 in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what MARMOK-A-5 means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain MARMOK-A-5 out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is MARMOK-A-5 in simple terms?

Why does MARMOK-A-5 matter?

Because it connects several physics ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study MARMOK-A-5?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on MARMOK-A-5.