computer science

Margaret Crosby

Margaret Crosby is a computer science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Margaret Crosby rather than just read about it. In short: Margaret Crosby (1901–1972) was an American archaeologist and historian. Crosby graduated from Bryn Mawr College in 1922, and subsequently became involved in archaeology and ancient history, especially epigraphy and metrology, earning her PhD at Yale University.

Key takeaways

Margaret Crosby belongs to computer science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Margaret Crosby to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Margaret Crosby from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Margaret Crosby (1901–1972) was an American archaeologist and historian. Crosby graduated from Bryn Mawr College in 1922, and subsequently became involved in archaeology and ancient history, especially epigraphy and metrology, earning her PhD at Yale University. During World War II, Crosby joined the Office of Strategic Services (OSS) and worked as a cryptographer for the OSS' Greek Desk, deciphering reports and materials for the Allied Forces.

Early life and education Margaret Crosby was born in Minnesota on August 14, 1901. Margaret's father John Crosby was a friend of US Secretary of State Henry L. Stimson.

Archaeological career

Dura-Europos After graduating Bryn Mawr, Crosby studied in Europe for two years before beginning graduate work at Yale University. Crosby joined the Yale dig at Dura-Europos, and was the first female archaeologist to work at the site. Unlike the male archaeologists at Dura-Europos, Crosby did not receive a salary and had to pay her own travel expenses.

Athenian Agora Crosby supervised fieldwork at the Athenian Agora with the American School of Classical Studies at Athens from 1935 to 1939, and was present at every digging season in those years, although digging seasons often lasted as long as five months. Crosby published numerous works on inscriptions and other findings from the Agora.

WWII and the OSS (1940-1945) Crosby joined the Greek Desk of the Office of Strategic Services (OSS) during the Second World War. The Greek Desk of the OSS had been created by Rodney Young and was staffed by a large number of archaeologists. She primarily worked as a cryptographer, a skill which she developed while deciphering weathered Greek texts. She was a reports officer for the OSS in Cairo from June to November 1944, and accompanied Gerard Else when he led the move from Cairo to Caserta, where they could be better overseen by the Allied Forces Headquarters. She later moved to Athens with the Greek Desk in November 1944 and continued working there until May 1945.

Return to the Athenian Agora (1946-1955) After leaving the OSS at the end of the war, Crosby returned to supervise fieldwork at the Athenian Agora from 1946 to 1955, retiring in 1962.

Later life Crosby retired in 1962 and lived in Barnard, Vermont with her life partner, the child psychologist Ruth Wendell Washburn. She died on July 30, 1972, in a nursing home in Hanover, New Hampshire.

References

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Margaret Crosby

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Margaret Crosby claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In computer science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Margaret Crosby before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Margaret Crosby ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Margaret Crosby

In research: Margaret Crosby appears in computer science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Margaret Crosby in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Margaret Crosby is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1902 births, 1972 deaths, 20th-century American archaeologists, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Margaret Crosby outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Margaret Crosby in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Margaret Crosby means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Margaret Crosby out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Margaret Crosby in simple terms?

Why does Margaret Crosby matter?

Because it connects several computer science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Margaret Crosby?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Margaret Crosby.