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Margret Schleidt

Margret Schleidt is a biology topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Margret Schleidt rather than just read about it. In short: Margret Else Schleidt (born Margret Else Zimmer on July 20, 1928, in Duisburg, died March 13, 2012, in Andechs) was a German human ethologist. She worked at the Max-Planck-Institut für Verhaltensphysiologie, which has now become the Max-Planck Institute for Ornithology.

Margret Schleidt — main illustration
Margret Schleidt — illustration

Key takeaways

  • Margret Schleidt belongs to biology; place it in that map before memorising details.
  • Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
  • Connect Margret Schleidt to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
  • Reproduce the core statement of Margret Schleidt from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Margret Else Schleidt (born Margret Else Zimmer on July 20, 1928, in Duisburg, died March 13, 2012, in Andechs) was a German human ethologist. She worked at the Max-Planck-Institut für Verhaltensphysiologie, which has now become the Max-Planck Institute for Ornithology. Margret Else Schleidt studied Biology at the Universities of Bonn, Zurich and Freiburg. She did her dissertation research in animal ethology at Konrad Lorenz’s research station in Buldern Westfalen. She then completed her PhD in animal ethology in 1955 under the supervision of Professor Otto Koehler in Freiburg i Br., before working as part of Konrad Lorenz’ research group at the Max-Planck-Institut für Verhaltensphysiologie in Seewiesen. At that time, she worked with Wolfgang Schleidt on ornithological projects. From 1963 to 1974, Margret Schleidt was secretary to the Lorenz group. In 1974, she joined of the Human Ethology group led by Irenäus Eibl-Eibesfeldt in Seewiesen. Her research focus was on human communication. She wrote papers on the importance of olfaction, mother-child relationships, and rhythmic movement phenomena. Importantly, she discovered that various repeated behaviours such as stirring while cooking, scratching, and other non-repeated behaviours had a three-second rhythm, in different human cultures, as well as in chimpanzees and baboons. In addition, she advised students writing their dissertations. In 1987, she taught human ethology at LMU Munich, and from 1990 to 2010 at the University of Innsbruck with her colleagues Gerhard Medicus and Wulf Schiefenhövel. Her research and lectures influenced the work of colleagues in her field, and she was cited by many including Konrad Lorenz, Irenäus Eibl-Eibesfeldt, Wulf Schiefenhövel and others.

Selected publications Schleidt, M.: "Handeln und Wahrnehmen im Sekundenbereich". In: Konrad Lorenz und seine verhaltensbiologischen Konzepte aus heutiger Sicht, pp. 303–312 (Hg. Kotrschal, K.; Müller, G.; Winkler, H.). Filander, Fürth (2002) Lemke, Matthias R.; Koethe, Nils; Schleidt, Margret (2000). "Segmentation of Behavior and Time Structure of Movements in Depressed Patients". Psychopathology. 33 (3). S. Karger AG: 131–136. doi:10.1159/000029134. ISSN 0254-4962. PMID 10773771. S2CID 39783403. Schleidt, Margret; Kien, Jenny (1997). "Segmentation in behavior and what it can tell us about brain function". Human Nature. 8 (1). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 77–111. doi:10.1007/s12110-997-1005-7. ISSN 1045-6767. PMID 26196593. S2CID 13128784. Medicus, G.; Schleidt, M.; Eibl-Eibesfeldt, I.: :Universelle Zeitkonstante bei Bewegungen taubblinder Kinder". Der Nervenarzt 65 (9), pp. 598–601 (1994) Schleidt, M.; Medicus, G.; Schiefenhövel, W.: "Humanethologie und Vorgeschichte". Praxis Geschichte 6, pp. 44–49 (1994) Schleidt, Margret; Genzel, Carola (1990). "The significance of mother's perfume for infants in the first weeks of their life". Ethology and Sociobiology. 11 (3). Elsevier BV: 145–154. doi:10.1016/0162-3095(90)90007-s. ISSN 0162-3095. Grammer, Karl; Schiefenhövel, Wulf; Schleidt, Margret; Lorenz, Beatrice; Eibl-Eibesfeldt, Irenäus (26 April 2010). "Patterns on the Face: The Eyebrow Flash in Crosscultural Comparison". Ethology. 77 (4). Wiley: 279–299. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1988.tb00211.x. ISSN 0179-1613. Schleidt, M.; Eibl-Eibesfeldt, I.; Pöppel, E. (1987). "A universal constant in temporal segmentation of human short-term behavior". Naturwissenschaften. 74 (6). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 289–290. Bibcode:1987NW.....74..289S. doi:10.1007/bf00366417. ISSN 0028-1042. PMID 3627279. S2CID 8006352. Schleidt, Margret; Hold, Barbara; Attili, Grazia (1981). "A cross-cultural study on the attitude towards personal odors". Journal of Chemical Ecology. 7 (1). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 19–31. Bibcode:1981JCEco...7...19S. doi:10.1007/bf00988632. ISSN 0098-0331. PMID 24420424. S2CID 10771011. Schleidt, M.: Personal odor and nonverbal-communication. Ethology and Sociobiology 1 (3), pp. 225–231 (1980) (doi: 10.1016/0162-3095(80)90009-6) Hold, Barbara; Schleidt, Margret (26 April 2010). "The Importance of Human Odour in Non-verbal Communication". Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie. 43 (3). Wiley: 225–238. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1977.tb00072.x. ISSN 0044-3573. PMID 868320. Magg, Monica; Schleidt, Wolfgang M.; Schleidt, Margret (1960). "Störung Der Mutter-Kind-Beziehung Bei Truthühnern Durch Gehörverlust 1)". Behaviour. 16 (3–4). Brill: 254–260. doi:10.1163/156853960x00179. ISSN 0005-7959. Schleidt, Margret (26 April 2010). "Untersuchungen über die Auslösung des Kollerns beim Truthahn: (Meleagris gallopavo)". Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie. 11 (3). Wiley: 417–435. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1954.tb02166.x. ISSN 0044-3573.

References

Illustrations

Margret Schleidt illustration

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Margret Schleidt

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Margret Schleidt claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In biology, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Margret Schleidt before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Margret Schleidt ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Margret Schleidt

In research
Margret Schleidt appears in biology research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry
Engineering practice reuses Margret Schleidt in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom
Margret Schleidt is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1928 births, 2012 deaths, 20th-century German biologists, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life
Look for Margret Schleidt outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.
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How to study Margret Schleidt in 20 minutes

  1. Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
  2. Close the page and write down what Margret Schleidt means in your own words.
  3. Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
  4. Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
  5. Explain Margret Schleidt out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Margret Schleidt in simple terms?

Margret Else Schleidt (born Margret Else Zimmer on July 20, 1928, in Duisburg, died March 13, 2012, in Andechs) was a German human ethologist. She worked at the Max-Planck-Institut für Verhaltensphysiologie, which has now become the Max-Planck Institute for Ornithology.

Why does Margret Schleidt matter?

Because it connects several biology ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Margret Schleidt?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Margret Schleidt.

Tags

  • 1928 births
  • 2012 deaths
  • 20th-century German biologists
  • 20th-century German women scientists
  • 21st-century German biologists
  • 21st-century German women biologists
  • 21st-century women biologists
  • Academic staff of LMU Munich
  • Academic staff of the University of Innsbruck
  • Ethologists
  • German anthropologists
  • German women anthropologists

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