science

Maria van der Hoeven

Maria van der Hoeven is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Maria van der Hoeven rather than just read about it. In short: Maria Josephina Arnoldina van der Hoeven (born 13 September 1949) is a retired Dutch politician of the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) and nonprofit director. Van der Hoeven attended a Lyceum in Maastricht from April 1966 until May 1969 and applied at the Open University in Heerlen in July 1970 majoring in Education obtaining a Bachelor of Education degree in June 1972.

Key takeaways

Maria van der Hoeven belongs to science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Maria van der Hoeven to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Maria van der Hoeven from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Maria Josephina Arnoldina van der Hoeven (born 13 September 1949) is a retired Dutch politician of the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) and nonprofit director. Van der Hoeven attended a Lyceum in Maastricht from April 1966 until May 1969 and applied at the Open University in Heerlen in July 1970 majoring in Education obtaining a Bachelor of Education degree in June 1972. Van der Hoeven worked as a economics teacher in Maastricht from June 1969 until February 1987, and served as an education administrator for the Adult Commercial Vocational Training Centre in Maastricht from September 1981 until February 1987. Van der Hoeven served on the Municipal Council of Maastricht from April 1974 until June 1991. Van der Hoeven worked as Chairwoman of the Supervisory board of the Limburg Technology Centre from February 1987 until June 1991. Van der Hoeven became a member of the House of Representatives after Huib Eversdijk was elected to the Senate in the 1991 Senate election, taking office on 11 June 1991, serving as a frontbencher chairing the parliamentary committee for Education, Culture and Science and spokesperson for education, social work and culture, and deputy spokesperson for the interior, economic affairs, social affairs, ombudsman and equality. After the 2002 general election, Van der Hoeven was appointed as Minister of Education, Culture and Science in the Balkenende I cabinet, taking office on 22 July 2002. The cabinet fell just four months later on 16 October 2002 after tensions in the coalition over the stability of the Pim Fortuyn List (LPF) and continued to serve in a demissionary capacity. After the 2002 general election, Van der Hoeven returned to the House of Representatives, taking office on 30 January 2003. Following the cabinet formation of 2003 Van der Hoeven continued as Minister of Education, Culture and Science in the Balkenende II cabinet, taking office on 27 May 2003. This cabinet fell on 30 June 2006 after the Democrats 66 (D66) had lost confidence in the functioning of Minister of Integration and Asylum Affairs Rita Verdonk and continued to serve in a demissionary capacity until it was replaced by the caretaker Balkenende III cabinet with Van der Hoeven remaining as Minister of Education, Culture and Science, taking office on 7 July 2006. After the 2006 general election Van der Hoeven again returned to the House of Representatives, taking office on 30 November 2006. Following the cabinet formation of 2006 Van der Hoeven was appointed as Minister of Economic Affairs in the Balkenende IV cabinet, taking office on 22 February 2007. The Balkenende IV cabinet fell on 20 February 2010 after tensions in the coalition over the extension of the Dutch involvement in the Task Force Urozgan of the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) in Afghanistan and continued to serve in a demissionary capacity. In May 2010 Van der Hoeven announced that she would not stand for the 2010 general election. Following the cabinet formation of 2010 Van der Hoeven was not given a cabinet post in the new cabinet. The Balkenende IV cabinet was replaced by the Rutte I cabinet on 14 October 2010.

Biography

Early life After completing her secondary education she trained as a primary school teacher in Maastricht. She went on to gain a secondary teaching certificate in English, after which she attended courses in higher management for non-profit organisations at the Institute of Social Sciences and business management at the Open University in Heerlen. From 1969 she taught at home economics schools and from 1971 at a junior secondary commercial school, where she later became a school counsellor. Until 1987 she was head of the Adult Commercial Vocational Training Centre in Maastricht, after which she served as the head of the Limburg Technology Centre until 1991.

Politics

From 1985 to 1991, Van der Hoeven was a member of the municipal council of Maastricht. From 1991 to 2002, Member of the House of Representatives and Minister of Education, Culture and Science from 2002 to 2007. In 2005, she caused an uproar in a debate about the teaching of Intelligent Design in the country's schools. Van der Hoeven said that Charles Darwin's theories were incomplete and that new things had been discovered by proponents of intelligent design. The then Dutch Minister of Education later announced that she did not intend to introduce the creationist ideas into the school curricula but only wanted to confront their adherents with the supporters of the theory of evolution. Minister of Economic Affairs from 2007 to 2010, she has held a variety of social and cultural posts, including membership of the governing board of the Domstad Primary Teacher Training College in Utrecht and the Southern Dutch Opera Association, and membership of the ‘’t Vervolg’ theatre group. On 11 March 2011, Van der Hoeven was appointed Executive Director of the International Energy Agency. Her opponents have voiced concerns that she lacks expertise on energy matters, while her supporters point out that her work as Minister of Economic Affairs included many energy issues, and that she has extensive contacts with major OPEC members. She took over from Nobuo Tanaka on 1 September 2011. On 1 September 2015, she was succeeded by Fatih Birol.

Later career Since October 2016, van der Hoeven has been Vice Chairwoman of the High-level Panel of the European Decarbonisation Pathways Initiative within the European Commission. In addition, she holds several board memberships.

Corporate boards Innogy, Member of the Supervisory Board (since 2016) TotalEnergies SE, Independent Member of the Board of Directors (since 2016)

Non-profit organizations Rocky Mountain Institute (RMI), Board de Trustees (since 2015)

Personal life Van der Hoeven was married to Lou Buytendijk, who was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease in 2005 and succumbed to his illness in 2012. Because of her husband's illness she is active in the Dutch Alzheimer's Foundation and currently serves as its president.

Decorations

See also Creation and evolution in public education Politics of the Netherlands World Energy Outlook

References

External links

M.J.A. (Maria) van der Hoeven Parlement & Politiek (in Dutch)

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Maria van der Hoeven

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Maria van der Hoeven claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Maria van der Hoeven before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Maria van der Hoeven ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Maria van der Hoeven

In research: Maria van der Hoeven appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Maria van der Hoeven in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Maria van der Hoeven is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1949 births, 20th-century Dutch civil servants, 20th-century Dutch educators, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Maria van der Hoeven outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Maria van der Hoeven in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Maria van der Hoeven means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Maria van der Hoeven out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Maria van der Hoeven in simple terms?

Why does Maria van der Hoeven matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Maria van der Hoeven?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Maria van der Hoeven.