astronomy

Marie-Denise Fabien Jean-Louis

Marie-Denise Fabien Jean-Louis is a astronomy topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Marie-Denise Fabien Jean-Louis rather than just read about it. In short: Marie-Denise Fabien Jean-Louis (born 14 February 1944) is a Haitian physician and government official who served as Minister of Foreign Affairs for several months in 1991, becoming the first woman to hold the position. Due to her ties to the Duvalier regime and her complete lack of diplomatic experience, her appointment was strongly opposed by many in the ruling party.

Key takeaways

Marie-Denise Fabien Jean-Louis belongs to astronomy; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Marie-Denise Fabien Jean-Louis to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Marie-Denise Fabien Jean-Louis from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Marie-Denise Fabien Jean-Louis (born 14 February 1944) is a Haitian physician and government official who served as Minister of Foreign Affairs for several months in 1991, becoming the first woman to hold the position. Due to her ties to the Duvalier regime and her complete lack of diplomatic experience, her appointment was strongly opposed by many in the ruling party.

Biography Marie-Denise Fabien Jean-Louis was born on 14 February 1944 in the city of Gonaïves in northern Haiti. She attended the Louis Pasteur University in Strasbourg, France, from 1962 until 1973, receiving a Doctor of Medicine degree in anesthesiology. On 19 February 1991, following the 1990–91 Haitian general election, Jean-Louis was appointed Minister of Foreign Affairs by Prime Minister René Préval, becoming the first woman to hold the position. Due to her complete lack of diplomatic experience and her ties to the Duvalier regime, her appointment was strongly opposed by President Jean-Bertrand Aristide's Lavalas movement. As Haiti's international representative, she participated in the 1991 meeting of the Organization of American States and gave a speech to the United Nations Commission on Human Rights. During her tenure, Jean-Louis engaged in a diplomatic dispute with the Dominican Republic following the deportation of over 100 Haitians from the country. She also met with officials from The Bahamas, namely her counterpart Clement T. Maynard, regarding the influx of Haitian migrants into that country. On 19 September 1991, President Aristide dismissed both Jean-Louis and Health Minister Daniel Henrys from their positions due to pressure from the Lavalas. She was replaced as minister by Jean-Robert Sabalat, the former head of the Provisional Electoral Council. Ten days later, elements in the Haitian military launched a successful coup, overthrowing Aristide's government. Following the coup, Jean-Louis went into hiding and her home was searched by soldiers. In 1992, Jean-Louis was a member of the Executive Committee of the Pan American Health Organization.

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Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Marie-Denise Fabien Jean-Louis

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Marie-Denise Fabien Jean-Louis claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In astronomy, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Marie-Denise Fabien Jean-Louis before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Marie-Denise Fabien Jean-Louis ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Marie-Denise Fabien Jean-Louis

In research: Marie-Denise Fabien Jean-Louis appears in astronomy research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Marie-Denise Fabien Jean-Louis in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Marie-Denise Fabien Jean-Louis is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1944 births, 20th-century Haitian politicians, 20th-century Haitian women politicians, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Marie-Denise Fabien Jean-Louis outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Marie-Denise Fabien Jean-Louis in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Marie-Denise Fabien Jean-Louis means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
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Frequently asked questions

What is Marie-Denise Fabien Jean-Louis in simple terms?

Why does Marie-Denise Fabien Jean-Louis matter?

Because it connects several astronomy ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Marie-Denise Fabien Jean-Louis?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Marie-Denise Fabien Jean-Louis.