astronomy

Marie-Paule Kieny

Marie-Paule Kieny is a astronomy topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Marie-Paule Kieny rather than just read about it. In short: Marie-Paule Kieny is a French virologist, vaccinologist, public health expert and science writer. She is currently director of research at INSERM and Chair of the board of DNDi and of the Medicines Patent Pool.

Key takeaways

Marie-Paule Kieny belongs to astronomy; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Marie-Paule Kieny to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Marie-Paule Kieny from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Marie-Paule Kieny is a French virologist, vaccinologist, public health expert and science writer. She is currently director of research at INSERM and Chair of the board of DNDi and of the Medicines Patent Pool.

Education Kieny completed her PhD in microbiology in 1980 at the University of Montpellier, and received her Habilitation à Diriger des Recherches in 1995 from the University of Strasbourg. Kieny was presented with an honorary doctorate from the Autonomous University of Barcelona in 2019 for her commitment to public health and worldwide universal health care.

Career After completing her PhD, Kieny took up a position at Transgene SA, Strasbourg, as assistant scientific director under scientific director Jean-Pierre Lecocq until 1988. Kieny became director of research at Inserm for the first time between 1999 and 2000. Kieny was a member of the European Vaccine Initiative until 2010. Kieny was vaccine research director of WHO from 2002 to 2010, most notably during the 2009 swine flu pandemic. She was promoted to assistant director-general, playing a major leadership role during the Ebola virus epidemic in West Africa and the 2015–16 Zika virus epidemic. Kieny even audaciously signed up herself as a test subject for the safety of new Ebola vaccines being developed, amidst concerns over the logistics and ethics of testing early-stage therapeutics and preventatives for ebola in the context of an ongoing epidemic. Given the slow development of new therapies in response to the outbreak, Kieny and colleagues began making a framework to speed up development and encourage researchers to share data openly without worrying about being scooped. She commented on the successful development of efficacious vaccines for deployment in a future outbreak. In aftermath of the 2014 Democratic Republic of the Congo Ebola virus outbreak Kieny stated that the vaccine may not be required since the outbreak was not as serious as previously feared. Kieny was involved also in addressing the ongoing antimicrobial resistance crisis with WHO, overseeing the first WHO Model List of Essential Medicines to include guidance on proper use of antibiotics within the framework of universal health care. She helped prepare a list of Antibiotic resistant bacteria which should be prioritised for research beyond just Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis, such as Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains resistant to Carbapenem. Kieny was one of seven vaccine experts interviewed in 2012 by Wired about what the next decade held for vaccine innovation. In 2017 she joined the board of directors for the Human Vaccines Project, was made interim director of the Medicines Patent Pool (MPP), and joined the Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative (DNDi) as chief of the board. As head of MPP, Kieny oversaw the licensing of the Hepatitis C drug Mavyret for generic production.

Other activities BioMérieux, Independent Member of the Board of Directors Fondation Mérieux, Chair of the Scientific Advisory Board GISAID, Member of the Nomination Committee, Advisor Global Antibiotic Research and Development Partnership (GARDP), Member of the Board of Directors Joint Programming Initiative on Antimicrobial Resistance (JPIAMR), Member of the Management Board Solthis – Therapeutic Solidarity and Initiatives for Health, Member of the Board of Directors Vanke School of Public Health at Tsinghua University, Member of the International Advisory Board Wellcome Trust, Chair of the Strategic Advisory Board on Vaccines and Drug-resistant Infections Wellcome Trust, Member of the Strategic Advisory Board on Innovation

Awards 2017 Inserm International Prize. 1994 Prix Génération 2000-Impact Médecin 1991 Prix de l'Innovation Rhône-Poulenc

Decorations 2021 Officier de l'Ordre national du Mérite (chevalier in 2000) 2016 Chevalier de la Legion d'honneur.

References

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Marie-Paule Kieny

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Marie-Paule Kieny claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In astronomy, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Marie-Paule Kieny before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Marie-Paule Kieny ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Marie-Paule Kieny

In research: Marie-Paule Kieny appears in astronomy research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Marie-Paule Kieny in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Marie-Paule Kieny is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics French virologists, French women biologists, Inserm directors, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Marie-Paule Kieny outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Marie-Paule Kieny in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Marie-Paule Kieny means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Marie-Paule Kieny out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Marie-Paule Kieny in simple terms?

Why does Marie-Paule Kieny matter?

Because it connects several astronomy ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Marie-Paule Kieny?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Marie-Paule Kieny.