science

Martín Ignacio de Loyola

Martín Ignacio de Loyola is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Martín Ignacio de Loyola rather than just read about it. In short: Martín Ignacio Martínez de Mallea, known as Martín Ignacio de Loyola (c. 1550 – 1606), was a Franciscan friar, best known for his two travels around the world in 1580–1584 and 1585–1589, being the first person to complete the world circumnavigation twice in different directionsA, and for his missionary effort in China. Life He was born c. 1550 in Eibar.

Key takeaways

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Reference excerpt

Martín Ignacio Martínez de Mallea, known as Martín Ignacio de Loyola (c. 1550 – 1606), was a Franciscan friar, best known for his two travels around the world in 1580–1584 and 1585–1589, being the first person to complete the world circumnavigation twice in different directionsA, and for his missionary effort in China.

Life He was born c. 1550 in Eibar. He was a grandnephew of Ignatius of Loyola, and was ordained a priest in Alaejos in 1572. He died in 1606 in Buenos Aires.

Circumnavigations of the world In both of his travels Loyola took advantage of Spain and Portugal being united under the crown of Philip II of Spain.

First circumnavigation: 1582–1584 Loyola's first circumnavigation was made in a westerly direction. Departing Cádiz on 21 June 1582, he sailed to the Canary Islands, crossed the Atlantic to La Désirade, Puerto Rico, and Santo Domingo, before arriving in San Juan de Ulúa (today in Veracruz), in Mexico. After crossing to the Pacific Ocean coast of Mexico at Acapulco he sailed to the Mariana Islands, and the Philippines, before eventually reaching the Empire of China, where he landed in Fujian province. There he and his companions were considered to be spies and were sent to Guangzhou. After a year they were set free and sent to Macau. After travelling on to Japan, he returned to Lisbon via the Straits of Malacca, Portuguese India, the Cape of Good Hope and Saint Helena. Loyola's account of his first journey around the world was first published in Rome in 1585, included in Juan González de Mendoza's Historia de las cosas más notables, ritos y costumbres del gran reyno dela China.

Second circumnavigation: 1585–1589 Loyola's second circumnavigation was made in an easterly direction. It is not clear how or when Loyola made his eastward journey to China. In 1587 he left Macau, China, and crossed the Pacific Ocean to Acapulco, Mexico, in a ship commanded by Pedro de Unamuno. From there he crossed Mexico to Veracruz, and then crossed the Atlantic to Spain.

Other journeys In 1595, six years after his second return to Spain, he went to Paraguay, that he reached via Panama, Peru, and Chile – whose Spanish governor by then, Martín García de Loyola, was his cousin – and Río de la Plata. He went back to Spain again in 1600 and returned to Paraguay in 1603, this time as Bishop of Asunción. He had been consecrated as such in Valladolid by Juan Bautista Acevedo Muñoz, Bishop of Valladolid, the year before.

See also Jesuit China missions First Synod of Asunción List of circumnavigations Circumnavigation Pedro Cubero Pedro Ordóñez de Ceballos

References

Notes ^AFirst overall was Maestre Anes.

References (in Spanish) J. Ignacio Tellechea Idígoras (ed.), Martín Ignacio de Loyola. Viaje alrdedor del mundo, Madrid, 1989. ISBN 84-7679-154-2 (in Spanish) "Iglesia en el Paraguay, Período de 1547 a 1620" (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 2008-10-31. Retrieved 2011-06-12. Martin Ignacio de Loyola, "VIAJE ALREDEDOR DEL MUNDO".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)

External links and additional sources Cheney, David M. "Archdiocese of Asunción". Catholic-Hierarchy.org. Retrieved March 25, 2018. (for Chronology of Bishops) [self-published] Chow, Gabriel. "Metropolitan Archdiocese of Asunción (Paraguay)". GCatholic.org. Retrieved March 25, 2018. (for Chronology of Bishops) [self-published] Santos, Hector. "The characters on the galleon Esperanza" in Sulat sa Tansô. US, April 3, 1997.

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Martín Ignacio de Loyola

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Martín Ignacio de Loyola claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Martín Ignacio de Loyola before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Martín Ignacio de Loyola ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Martín Ignacio de Loyola

In research: Martín Ignacio de Loyola appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Martín Ignacio de Loyola in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Martín Ignacio de Loyola is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1550s births, 1606 deaths, 16th-century Spanish Roman Catholic priests, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Martín Ignacio de Loyola outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Martín Ignacio de Loyola in 20 minutes

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Frequently asked questions

What is Martín Ignacio de Loyola in simple terms?

Why does Martín Ignacio de Loyola matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Martín Ignacio de Loyola?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Martín Ignacio de Loyola.