astronomy

Marvin H. Caruthers

Marvin H. Caruthers is a astronomy topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Marvin H. Caruthers rather than just read about it. In short: Marvin H. Caruthers (born February 11, 1940) is an American biochemist who is a distinguished professor at the University of Colorado Boulder.

Key takeaways

Marvin H. Caruthers belongs to astronomy; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Marvin H. Caruthers to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Marvin H. Caruthers from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Marvin H. Caruthers (born February 11, 1940) is an American biochemist who is a distinguished professor at the University of Colorado Boulder. Caruthers earned a B.S in chemistry at the Iowa State University in 1962 and a Ph.D. in biochemistry 1968 at Northwestern University with Robert Letsinger. He did his postdoctoral work at Massachusetts Institute of Technology with Har Gobind Khorana. From 1973 he was assistant professor and in 1980 professor of biochemistry at the University of Colorado at Boulder. His research is on nucleic acids. He and his research group developed methods for the phosphoramidite synthesis of DNA. Using this technique, his group was able to incorporate nucleotide analogs for functional group mutagenesis for a deeper understanding of nucleic acid biochemistry. In addition to DNA, he developed methods of RNA synthesis and also for DNA analogues and the applications of the resulting molecules. He was a co-founder of Amgen and Applied Biosystems with Leroy Hood. In 1994 Caruthers was elected a member of the National Academy of Sciences and a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1994. He received the National Medal of Science (2006), the NAS Award for Chemistry in Service to Society (2005) and the NAS Award in Chemical Sciences (2014). In 1980 he was awarded a Guggenheim Fellowship.

References

External links Academic Home Page

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Marvin H. Caruthers

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Marvin H. Caruthers claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In astronomy, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Marvin H. Caruthers before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Marvin H. Caruthers ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Marvin H. Caruthers

In research: Marvin H. Caruthers appears in astronomy research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Marvin H. Caruthers in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Marvin H. Caruthers is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1940 births, American biochemists, Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Marvin H. Caruthers outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Marvin H. Caruthers in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Marvin H. Caruthers means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Marvin H. Caruthers out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Marvin H. Caruthers in simple terms?

Marvin H. Caruthers (born February 11, 1940) is an American biochemist who is a distinguished professor at the University of Colorado Boulder.

Why does Marvin H. Caruthers matter?

Because it connects several astronomy ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Marvin H. Caruthers?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Marvin H. Caruthers.