astronomy

Mary Klicka

Mary Klicka is a astronomy topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Mary Klicka rather than just read about it. In short: Mary Victoria Richardson Klicka (April 30, 1921 – August 26, 2007) was a Canadian-American registered dietitian and food technologist for the United States Army. She designed MREs and provisions for astronauts in the Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo programs.

Key takeaways

Mary Klicka belongs to astronomy; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Mary Klicka to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Mary Klicka from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Mary Victoria Richardson Klicka (April 30, 1921 – August 26, 2007) was a Canadian-American registered dietitian and food technologist for the United States Army. She designed MREs and provisions for astronauts in the Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo programs. In 1970, she received the Distinguished Civilian Service Award from the Department of Defense.

Early life and education Mary Victoria Richardson was born in Winnipeg, Manitoba, the daughter of William Henry Richardson and Clara Myrtle Ferguson Richardson. Her father, a civil engineer, was from England, and her mother was born in North Dakota; the family moved to Kelso, Washington when she was a girl. After graduating from Kelso High School in 1939, she attended Lower Columbia College prior to transferring to the University of Washington. There she earned a bachelor's degree in dietetics in 1944 and a master's degree in business administration from the University of Chicago in 1947.

Career Klicka served an internship at Michael Reese Hospital. She was a food technologist working for the United States Army beginning in 1951. She designed rations and their packaging for special contexts, including MREs and food for the Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo manned space missions, at the Army's Food Engineering Laboratory in Natick, Massachusetts. In 1958, she was assigned to the United Nations to work on rations issues of the UN's Emergency Force in Gaza. Her research was published in Aerospace Medicine, Military Medicine, Journal of Food Science, Life Sciences and Space Research, Cereal Science Today, School Lunch Journal, and Journal of the American Dietetic Association. In 1966 Klicka was decorated for Meritorious Civilian Service. In 1968 she was decorated for Exceptional Civilian Service. In 1969 she received the Woman of Achievement Award from the Massachusetts Federation of Business and Professional Women's Clubs. In 1970, she received the Distinguished Civilian Service Award from the Department of Defense. She was nominated twice for the Federal Woman's Award, in 1965 and 1968. In 1996, she was inducted into the Army Soldier Systems Command Hall of Fame. She was a member of the American Dietetic Association, the National Council on Aging, and the Institute of Food Technologists.

Selected publications and reports by Klicka "Effects of Reduced Fat Intake on Serum Lipids in Healthy Young Men and Women at the U.S. Military Academy" (1995, with Karl E. Friedl, Nancy King, Louis J. Marchitelli, and Eldon Wayne Askew) "Effects of Storage Time and Temperature on Nutritional Content of Fortified Fruitcake" (1987, with Ann Morrill, Doris E. Sherman, Margaret T. Branagan, and Ivy C. Fossum) "A Time-Temperature Model for Sensory Acceptance of a Military Ration" (1987, with Edward W. Ross, Joan Kalick, and Margaret T. Branagan) "Acceptance of a Military Ration After 24-Month Storage" (1985, with Edward W. Ross, Joan Kalick, and Margaret T. Branagan) "Food for U. S Manned Space Flight" (1982, with Malcolm C. Smith Jr.) "Effect of Holding Time and Temperatures on the Quality of Precooked Frozen Meals" (1982, with Betty A. Davis) "Operational Rations Current and Future of the Department of Defense" (1982, with Alice I. Meyer) "Summary of Operational Rations" (1982, with Vera C. Mason and Alice I. Meyer) "Sensory and Nutritional Evaluation of Meat Loaves with and without Granular Soy Concentrate" (1982, with Christine A. Kubik, Ivy C. Fossum, and Bonita M. Atwood) "Nutritionally Fortified Fruitcake (Thermoprocessed, Flexibly Packaged) Developed for Shuttle Flight Use" (1981, with D. E. Sherman, Bonita Atwood, W. Swantak, K. M. Thompson, and Margaret T. Branagan) "Food technology problems related to space feeding" (1970, with Herbert A. Hollender and Malcolm C. Smith Jr.) "Feeding Man in Space" (1970, with Herbert A. Hollender) "Food for Astronauts" (1967, with Herbert A. Hollender and Paul A. Lachance) "Development of Space Foods" (1964)

Personal life Klicka married William John Klicka in 1946, and had a son. She died in Waterbury, Connecticut in 2007, aged 86 years.

References

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Mary Klicka

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Mary Klicka claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In astronomy, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Mary Klicka before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Mary Klicka ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Mary Klicka

In research: Mary Klicka appears in astronomy research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Mary Klicka in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Mary Klicka is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1921 births, 2007 deaths, 21st-century American women, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Mary Klicka outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Mary Klicka in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Mary Klicka means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Mary Klicka out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Mary Klicka in simple terms?

Why does Mary Klicka matter?

Because it connects several astronomy ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Mary Klicka?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Mary Klicka.