science

Mattheus Marinus Schepman

Mattheus Marinus Schepman is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Mattheus Marinus Schepman rather than just read about it. In short: Mattheus Marinus Schepman (17 August 1847 – 19 November 1919) was a Dutch malacologist. He was one of the foremost collectors of mollusc shells in the Netherlands, and was also high on the overall list of European collectors.

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Reference excerpt

Mattheus Marinus Schepman (17 August 1847 – 19 November 1919) was a Dutch malacologist. He was one of the foremost collectors of mollusc shells in the Netherlands, and was also high on the overall list of European collectors. Dutch collectors developed an interest in natural history specimens that were collected on worldwide expeditions since the 16th century. An interest in conchology led to numerous shell publications. In 1934 the Nederlandse Malacologische Vereniging (Netherlands Malacological Society) was founded. In commemoration of its 75th anniversary, a book honoring in detail the work of Mattheus Schepman was published.

His research Schepman was both a collector and a methodical scientist, which combination "made his collection of great value to the entire malacological community." He was given the opportunity to study a collection by Max Carl Wilhelm Weber, Director of the Zoölogisch Museum Amsterdam (ZMA). Many of the specimens he studied and collected were gathered by the Siboga Expedition. The expedition went to the Indo-Malaysian Archipelago and investigated 322 sites. Schepman's most significant work is reported in "The Prosobranchia of the Siboga expedition". HM Siboga was the transport ship for the eponymous "Siboga Expedition". Published over five years and consisting of 494 pages, it covers 212 genera and 1,467 species. Eduard von Martens was involved in mollusk identification from the first expedition, and he "probably recommended Schepman for the work on the second." In any event, Schepman published seven volumes which described 2,500 specimens, and 1,235 shelled mollusc species, "many new to science." An important aspect of his work was his scientific collection of shells, a collection which was almost unprecedented in scope and breadth. Eventually sold in 1920 to the Zoological Museum Amsterdam for ƒ7,205, the collection consisted of 9,000 species and 1,250 genera of shelled freshwater, marine, and land molluscs.

Published works Schepman wrote over 62 malacological works. They include: (incomplete)

Horst R. & Schepman M. M. (1908). Catalogue systématique des mollusques (gastropodes prosobranches et polyplacophores). Tome XIII. Leiden. (in German) Schepman M. M. & Nierstrasz H. F. (1913). "Parasitische und kommensalistische Mollusken aus Holothurien". Stuttgart. The Prosobranchia of the Siboga Expedition

Schepman M. M. (1908). "The Prosobranchia of the Siboga Expedition. Part I, Rhipidoglossa and Docoglossa, with an appendix by R. Bergh". Uitkomsten op zoologisch, botanisch, oceanografisch en geologisch gebied verzameld in Nederlandsch Oost-Indië 1899–1900 aan boord H. M. Siboga, Monographie, E. J. Brill, Leyden, 49a: 107 pp., 9 plates. Schepman M. M. (1908). "The Prosobranchia of the Siboga Expedition. Part II, Taenioglossa and Ptenoglossa". 49b: 108–231, 7 plates. Schepman M. M. (1908). "The Prosobranchia of the Siboga Expedition. Part III, Gymnoglossa". 49c: 233–246, 1 plate. (in German) Schepman M. M. & Nierstrasz H. F. (1909). "Parasitische prosobranchier der Siboga-expedition". 49(2): 1–28, 2 plates. Schepman M. M. (1911). The Prosobranchia of the Siboga Expedition. "Part IV. Rachiglossa". 49d: 247–364, 7 plates. Schepman M. M. (1913). "The Prosobranchia of the Siboga Expedition. Part V Toxoglossa." 49e: 365–452, 6 plates. Schepman M. M. (1913). "The Prosobranchia of the Siboga Expedition. Part VI, Pulmonata and Opisthobranhia Tectibranchiata, tribe Bullomorpha." 49f: 453–494, 2 plates.

Taxa Schepman described and named a large number of taxa of molluscs, mostly species, especially species of marine gastropods. For example, in November 2012, the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) listed 182 valid marine taxa (181 marine gastropods, 1 marine bivalve) that were described by Schepman. Schepman originally described about 450 taxa, including many turrids. Examples of the numerous taxa he named and described are in the following list (synonyms are not included):

Families Freshwater and marine cave snails:

Neritiliidae Schepman, 1908

Genera Sea snails (sorted chronologically):

Guttula Schepman, 1908 Pseudococculina Schepman, 1908 Clavosurcula Schepman, 1913 Daphnellopsis Schepman, 1913 Meloscaphander Schepman, 1913 Volvulopsis Schepman, 1913

Species Land snails:

Amphidromus reflexilahris Schepman Helicarion sumatrensis Schepman, 1886 Asperitas bimaensis (Schepman, 1892) Dyakia densestriata Schepman, 1896 Hemiplecta butikkoferi Schepman, 1896 Euplecta costellifera Schepman, 1918 Euplecta imperforata Schepman, 1918 Macrochlamys imperforata Schepman, 1918 Sitala crenocarinata Schepman, 1918 Planispira planissima Schepman, 1918 Cyclotus subcanaliculatus Schepman, 1918 Land slugs:

Parmarion goedhuisi Schepman, 1896 Microparmarion litteratus Schepman, 1896 Hemicarion semicalcareus Schepman, 1896 Freshwater snails:

Melania subplicata Schepman, 1886 Melania snellemanni Schepman, 1886 Bellamya liberiana (Schepman, 1888) Potadoma buttikoferi (Schepman, 1888) Potadoma liberiensis (Schepman, 1888) Melania glandiformis Schepman, 1896 Melania schwaneri Schepman, 1896 Brotia borneensis (Schepman, 1896) Melania mülleri Schepman, 1896 Melania subpunctata Schepman, 1896 Neritina (Clithon) subocellata Schepman, 1884 - a synonym of Clithon diadema Melania subcostellaris Schepman, 1918 Melania sentaniensis Schepman, 1918 Melania kampeni Schepman, 1918 Freshwater bivalves:

Hyridella misoolensis (Schepman, 1897) Schepmania nieuwenhuisi (Schepman, 1898) Nausitora hedleyi Schepman, 1919 – brackish water species Sea snails (sorted chronologically):

1870s and 1890s

Entemnotrochus rumphii (Schepman, 1879) Nassarius javanus (Schepman, 1891) Oliva semmelinki Schepman, 1891 Ergalatax martensi (Schepman, 1892) 1903

Astralium provisorium (Schepman, 1903) 1904

Oliva dubia Schepman, 1904 Oliva rufofulgurata Schepman, 1904 1907

Cerithium claviforme Schepman, 1907 Cerithium koperbergi Schepman, 1907 Nassarius celebensis (Schepman, 1907) Notadusta martini (Schepman, 1907) 1908

… excerpt ends here. Continue reading the full article.

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Mattheus Marinus Schepman

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Mattheus Marinus Schepman claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Mattheus Marinus Schepman before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Mattheus Marinus Schepman ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Mattheus Marinus Schepman

In research: Mattheus Marinus Schepman appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Mattheus Marinus Schepman in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Mattheus Marinus Schepman is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1847 births, 1919 deaths, Conchologists, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Mattheus Marinus Schepman outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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Frequently asked questions

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