science

Maximilian Spinola

Maximilian Spinola is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Maximilian Spinola rather than just read about it. In short: Maximilian Spinola (Italian: Massimiliano Spinola; July 10, 1780 – November 12, 1857) was an Italian entomologist. Background Spinola was born in Pézenas, Hérault, France.

Key takeaways

Maximilian Spinola belongs to science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Maximilian Spinola to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Maximilian Spinola from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Maximilian Spinola (Italian: Massimiliano Spinola; July 10, 1780 – November 12, 1857) was an Italian entomologist.

Background Spinola was born in Pézenas, Hérault, France. The family of Spinola was of very long standing and had great wealth and power in Genoa. Maximilian Spinola was a descendant of the famous Spanish General Ambrogio Spinola, marqués de los Balbases (1569–1630) and much of his wealth derived from land held in Spain and South America. He was linked to Camillo Pallavicini.

Research He received many insects from his properties in Spain and South America. He also made extensive, and expensive purchases especially of large showy tropical beetles and wasps. His entomological contributions were mainly in the orders Coleoptera, Hymenoptera and Hemiptera. Spinola made very important contributions to entomology, describing many taxa, especially in Spinola M. M., 1850.Tavola sinottica dei generi spettanti alla classe degli insetti Arthroidignati, Hemiptera Linn., Latr. - Rhyngota Fab. - Rhynchota Burm. Memoria del Socio Attuale signor Marchese Massimiliano Spinola Modena, Dal tipi delle R.D. Camera. Soc. Ital. Sci., T.25, pt.1: 138 pp. He is listed, as Count Maximilian Spinola, as an ordinary member of the Entomological Society of London in the Society's first volume of transactions published in 1836. At that time he lived in Genoa. Spinola's Coleoptera (with types purchased from Dejean), Hymenoptera (with types purchased from Audinet-Serville and Amédée Louis Michel le Peletier, comte de Saint-FargeauLepeletier and specimens from the Pierre André Latreille Collection), Hemiptera collection is in Museo Regionale di Scienze Naturali in Turin, Italy. Other specimens are in Museo di storia naturale dell'Università di Pisa. Most of his type specimens are extant and in good condition. He died in Tassarolo, Alessandria, Italy.

Works partial list

1806. Insectorum Liguriæ Species Novæ aut Rariores, quas in agro Ligustico nuper detexit, descripsit, et iconibus illustravit. Tom. 1. xvii+159 pp. Genuæ. 1808. Insectorum Liguriae species novae aut rariores, quae in agro Ligustico nuper detexit, descripsit et iconibus illustravit Maximilianus Spinola, adjecto Catalogo spiecierum auctoribus jam enumeratarum, quae in eadam regione occurrunt, Vol. 2. Gravier, Genuae. 1839. Compte rendu des hyménoptères recueillis par M. Fischer pendant son voyage en Égypte, et communiqués par M. le Docteur Waltl a Maximilien. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 7: 437-546. 1839 Essai sur les Fulgorelles, sous-tribu de la tribu des Cicadaires, ordre des Rhynchotes Ann. Soc. ent. France 8, 133-137, 339-454 1843. Sur quelques Hyménoptères peu connus, recueillis en Espagne, pendant l’année 1842, par M. Victor Ghiliani, voyageur-naturaliste. Annales de la Société Entomologique de France (2)1: 111-144. 1851. Hyménopteros. in Gay, C., Historia Fisica y Politica de Chile. Zoologia. Vol. 6. Casa del author, Paris. pp. 153–569. 1853. Compte rendu des hyménoptères inédits provenants du voyage entomologique de M. Ghiliani dans le Para en 1846. Memoire della Reale Accademia della Scienze di Torino (2)13: 19-94.[1]

Notes

References Austin, Andrew; Dowton, Mark, eds. (2000). "Australian hymenoptera in the Spinola Collection: a list of species". Hymenoptera: Evolution, Biodiversity and Biological Control. CSIRO Publishing. p. 231. ISBN 0-643-06610-1. Baker, D. B. 1999: The Faunae Ligusticae Fragmenta of Massimiliano Spinola (1805).Beiträge zur Entomologie, Berlin 49 (1): 141-146 Gestro, R. 1915. Ricordo di Massimiliano Spinola. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria 47:33-53.

External links Internet Archive Digital version of Compte rendu des Hyménoptères inédits Provenants du voyage entomologique de M. Ghiliani dans la Para en 1846.Memorie della Reale Accademia delle Scienze di Torino, Volume 13, Series 2, Pages: 19-94 1853. EOL Encyclopedia of Life Taxa described by Spinola.Complete.Images. Type Spinola into the search box. Gaedike, R.; Groll, E. K. & Taeger, A. 2012: Bibliography of the entomological literature from the beginning until 1863 : online database - version 1.0 - Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut.

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Maximilian Spinola

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Maximilian Spinola claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Maximilian Spinola before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Maximilian Spinola ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Maximilian Spinola

In research: Maximilian Spinola appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Maximilian Spinola in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Maximilian Spinola is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1780 births, 1857 deaths, 19th-century Italian zoologists, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Maximilian Spinola outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Maximilian Spinola in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Maximilian Spinola means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Maximilian Spinola out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Maximilian Spinola in simple terms?

Maximilian Spinola (Italian: Massimiliano Spinola; July 10, 1780 – November 12, 1857) was an Italian entomologist. Background Spinola was born in Pézenas, Hérault, France.

Why does Maximilian Spinola matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Maximilian Spinola?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Maximilian Spinola.