McIver Women's Baths is a heritage-listed women's baths at Grant Reserve, Coogee, City of Randwick, New South Wales, Australia. It was built from 1876 to 1886. It is also known as Coogee Women's Pool and Ladies Baths. The property is owned by Randwick City Council. It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 18 November 2011.
History
Indigenous history When Captain James Cook, and later the First Fleet, landed on Botany Bay, they encountered the Eora people, a vast and complex Aboriginal group of family and kin relations. "Their territory spread from the Georges River and Botany Bay in the south to Port Jackson, north to Pittwater at the mouth of the Hawkesbury River and west along the river to Parramatta". The coast and harbour were particularly important environments for the Aboriginal people of the Eora group, being an abundant source for fishing, food gathering and recreation. It has been reported that the site now occupied by the McIver Women's Baths, had long been used by the local Aboriginal women for bathing (the men frequenting the northern side of Coogee Beach). Whether or not these statements hold some truths, it is widely understood that the coastal environment was of great importance to the lifestyle of the Eora people.
Colonial history There is considerable evidence to suggest that the early colonists regularly used the harbour for bathing. The hot climate and ready accessibility to the water made recreational bathing increasingly attractive and the activity was further encouraged by the British medical profession of the day proclaiming the therapeutic benefits of bathing in salt water and in the open air. Although a socially accepted pastime, bathing (particularly by men) was often conducted in the nude which resulted in moral concerns as early as 1810. In an effort to discourage naked bathing in open places where respectable people (primarily women and children) could take offence, Governor Macquarie released an edict declaring that "a very indecent and improper custom having lately prevailed of soldiers, sailors and inhabitants of the town bathing themselves at all hours of the day at the Government Wharf and also in the dock-yard, His Excellency, the NSW Governor, directs and commands that no person shall bathe at either of these places in the future, at any hours of the day". Despite these early restrictions, the activity remained a popular and fashionable pastime in the colony.
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