engineering

Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (NADP+)

Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (NADP+) is a engineering topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (NADP+) rather than just read about it. In short: In enzymology, a methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (NADP+) (EC 1.5.1.5) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + NADP+ ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate + NADPH + H+ Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate and NADP+, whereas its 3 products are 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate, NADPH, and H+. This enzyme…

Key takeaways

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Reference excerpt

In enzymology, a methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (NADP+) (EC 1.5.1.5) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + NADP+ ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate + NADPH + H+ Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate and NADP+, whereas its 3 products are 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate, NADPH, and H+. This enzyme belongs to the family of oxidoreductases, specifically those acting on the CH-NH group of donors with NAD+ or NADP+ as acceptor. This enzyme participates in glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism and one carbon pool by folate.

Structural studies As of late 2007, 8 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes PDB: 1A4I, PDB: 1DIA, PDB: 1DIB, PDB: 1DIG, PDB: 1LU9, PDB: 1LUA, PDB: 2C2X, and PDB: 2C2Y.

Clinical significance Mutations of the MTHFD1 gene may disrupt the activity of the enzyme and cause methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 1 deficiency, also known as combined immunodeficiency and megaloblastic anemia with or without hyperhomocysteinemia (CIMAH).

Alternative names The systematic name of this enzyme class is 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate:NADP+ oxidoreductase. Other names in common use include N5,N10-methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase, 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate:NADP oxidoreductase, 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase, methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase, and methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (NADP).

References

Hatefi Y, Osborn MJ, Kay LD, Huennekins FM (1957). "Hydroxymethyl tetrahydrofolic dehydrogenase". Journal of Biological Chemistry. 227 (2): 637–47. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)70744-8. PMID 13462986. Osborn MJ, Huennekens FM (1957). "Participation of anhydroleucovorin in the hydroxymethyl tetrahydrofolic dehydrogenase system". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. 26 (3): 646–7. doi:10.1016/0006-3002(57)90117-8. PMID 13499428. Ramasastri BV, Blakley RL (1962). "5,10-Methylenetetrahydrofolic dehydrogenase from bakers' yeast. I Partial purification and some properties". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 237: 1982–8. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(19)73970-2. PMID 14490085. Yeh YC, Greenberg DM (1965). "Purification and properties of N5, N10-Methylenetetra-hydrofolate dehydrogenase of calf thymus". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Enzymology and Biological Oxidation. 105 (2): 279–91. doi:10.1016/s0926-6593(65)80152-7. PMID 4379024.

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (NADP+)

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (NADP+) claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In engineering, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (NADP+) before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (NADP+) ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (NADP+)

In research: Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (NADP+) appears in engineering research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (NADP+) in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (NADP+) is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics EC 1.5.1, Enzymes of known structure, NADPH-dependent enzymes, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (NADP+) outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (NADP+) in 20 minutes

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Frequently asked questions

What is Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (NADP+) in simple terms?

In enzymology, a methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (NADP+) (EC 1.5.1.5) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate + NADP+ ⇌ {\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons } 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate + NADPH + H+ Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are 5,10-me…

Why does Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (NADP+) matter?

Because it connects several engineering ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (NADP+)?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (NADP+).