earth science

Missão Velha Formation

Missão Velha Formation is a earth science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Missão Velha Formation rather than just read about it. In short: The Missão Velha Formation is a late Jurassic geologic formation in northeastern Brazil's Araripe Basin where the states of Pernambuco, Piauí and Ceará come together. The formation is the middle stratigraphic unit of the Vale do Carirí Group, overlying the Brejo Santo Formation and overlain by the Abaiara Formation.

Key takeaways

Missão Velha Formation belongs to earth science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Missão Velha Formation to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Missão Velha Formation from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

The Missão Velha Formation is a late Jurassic geologic formation in northeastern Brazil's Araripe Basin where the states of Pernambuco, Piauí and Ceará come together. The formation is the middle stratigraphic unit of the Vale do Carirí Group, overlying the Brejo Santo Formation and overlain by the Abaiara Formation. The formation comprises whitish fine-to-medium quartzose arenites, with subrounded to rounded grains, deposited in an alluvial fan environment during the syn-rift phase of the Araripe Basin. The Missão Velha Formation has provided macrofossils of various genera of fish and reptiles as snakes, crocodylomorphs and turtles. Ichnofossils of dinosaurs were also discovered in the formation, as well as a tooth from an abelisaurid theropod.

Geology

Fossil content The following fossils were reported from the formation:

Fish Parvodus rugianus Planohybodus peterboroughensis Planohybodus marki Mawsonia cf. gigas Acrodus sp. Hybodus sp. Lepidotes sp. Neoceratodus sp. Polyacrodus sp. Vinctifer sp. Lonchidiidae indet. Reptiles Turtles Pelomedusidae indet. Dinosaurs Sauropoda indet. Theropoda indet. Abelisauridae indet. Loricata Mesosuchia indet. Snakes Lacertilia indet. Amphibians ?Amphibia indet. Ichnofossils Carnosauria indet. Ornithopoda indet. Dinosauria indet. Plants Gymnospermae Agathoxylon mendezii Metapodocarpoxylon brasiliense

See also Crato Formation Romualdo Formation

References

Bibliography Geology Assine, Mario L (1992), "Análise estratigráfica da Bacia do Araripe, Nordeste do Brasil" (PDF), Revista Brasileira de Geociências, 22 (3): 289–300, doi:10.25249/0375-7536.1992289300, retrieved 21 August 2018 Bétard, François; Peulvast, Jean-Pierre; de Oliveira Magalhães, Alexsandra; Carvalho Neta, Maria de Lourdes; de Freitas, Francisco Idalecio (2017), "Araripe Basin: A Major Geodiversity Hotspot in Brazil" (PDF), Geoheritage: 1–18, retrieved 21 August 2018 Archived 21 August 2018 at the Wayback Machine Scherer, C.M.d.S.; Jardim de Sá, E.F.; Córdoba, V.C.; Sousa, D.d.C.; Aquino, M.M.; Cardoso, F.M.C. (2013), "Tectono-Stratigraphic evolution of the upper Jurassic-Neocomian rift succession, Araripe Basin, Northeast Brazil" (PDF), Journal of South American Geosciences: 1–43, retrieved 21 August 2018 Paleontology Carvalho, I. d. S.; Viana, M. S. S.; Filho, M. F. L. (1995), "Os icnofósseis de dinossauros da Bacia do Araripe (Crétaceo Inferior, Ceará-Brasil) - Dinosaur ichnofossils from the Araripe Basin (Lower Cretaceous, Ceará, Brazil)", Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 67: 433–442 Brito, P.M.; Bertini, R.J.; Martill, D.M.; Salles, L.O. (1994), Vertebrate fauna from the Missão Velha Formation (Lower Cretaceous, N.E. Brazil), Boletim do 3° sobre o Cretáceo do Brasil, Campus de Rio Claro/SP, UNESP, pp. 139–140

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Missão Velha Formation

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Missão Velha Formation claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In earth science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Missão Velha Formation before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Missão Velha Formation ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Missão Velha Formation

In research: Missão Velha Formation appears in earth science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Missão Velha Formation in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Missão Velha Formation is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Alluvial deposits, Aptian Stage, Cretaceous Brazil, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Missão Velha Formation outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Missão Velha Formation in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Missão Velha Formation means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Missão Velha Formation out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Missão Velha Formation in simple terms?

Why does Missão Velha Formation matter?

Because it connects several earth science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Missão Velha Formation?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Missão Velha Formation.