astronomy

Misty Jenkins

Misty Jenkins is a astronomy topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Misty Jenkins rather than just read about it. In short: Misty Rayna Jenkins is an Australian scientist known for her research into lymphocytes and cancer treatment. Jenkins leads an Immunology Laboratory at the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research where she researches brain cancer.

Key takeaways

Misty Jenkins belongs to astronomy; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Misty Jenkins to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Misty Jenkins from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Misty Rayna Jenkins is an Australian scientist known for her research into lymphocytes and cancer treatment. Jenkins leads an Immunology Laboratory at the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research where she researches brain cancer.

Early life and education Jenkins is a Gunditjmara woman and grew up near Ballarat, Victoria. She holds a Bachelor of Science with 1st Honours and a PhD in Microbiology and Immunology attained from the University of Melbourne.

Research career Following from her PhD, Jenkins was the first Indigenous Australian to attend the University of Cambridge as a postdoctoral research fellow, attending Cambridge after being awarded the NHRMC CJ Martin Fellowship. Returning to Melbourne to continue her research career, Jenkins became involved with the Aurora Project, a project which supports education opportunities for Indigenous Australians, working with the program to provide scholarships for other Indigenous students to attend Oxford or Cambridge. She was a founding member of the Women in Science Parkville Precinct (WISPP) committee aimed at advancing gender equity and diversity in science. She has previously worked at the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre in Melbourne, and currently works at the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research. She is an Honorary Senior Research Fellow, Department of Medical Biology at the University of Melbourne. Her research is focused on lymphocytes, a type of white blood cells which can protect against viruses and cancer. Specifically, Jenkins' research group uses using chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy, a new form of immune-targeted therapy that trains the body's T cells to fight against certain forms of cancer, including glioblastoma, an aggressive brain tumour of astrocytic origin. Her research has been published in the Journal of Immunology, Journal of Experimental Medicine, and by the National Academy of Sciences.

Awards In 2009, Jenkins was awarded the NHMRC/RG Menzies Fellowship for T-cells research at the Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, UK and at the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre in Melbourne. Jenkins was awarded the L’Oreal for Women in Science Fellowship in 2013 and the Young Tall Poppy of the Year Award in 2015. She was named in the Westpac and Australian Financial Review 100 Women of Influence Awards in 2016, and awarded the STEM Professional Career Achievement Award at the CSIRO Indigenous STEM Awards in 2017. In 2019, Jenkins was awarded an NHMRC Investigator Grant worth AUD $1.4 million to continue her research into the treatment of brain cancer. This area of research receives a small amount of funding from the total federal Australian government cancer research funding, and the current survival rate for people diagnosed with brain cancer is 20 percent. In March 2020, Jenkins was inducted into the Victorian Honour Roll of Women in recognition of her advocacy for gender equity, Aboriginal health and education. In May 2021, Jenkins was involved with developing a new approach to CAR T cell therapy which targets certain growth factor receptors in glioblastoma (an aggressive form of brain cancer) to eliminate brain tumors. Jenkins discovered a novel chimeric antigen receptor CAR T cell that eliminates human glioblastoma cells transplanted into the brains of mice. Jenkin reports that this new approach of immunotherapy tackles white blood cells to then recognise and destroy their own cancer. Jenkins is working with the head of neurosurgery at the Royal Melbourne Hospital, Professor Kate Drummond, in collaboration with a cross-disciplinary team of protein chemists, structural biologists and neurosurgeons, and were awarded an AUD $5 million Synergy Grant from the NHMRC to continue developing CAR T cell therapies for glioblastoma. Jenkins was appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia in the 2023 King's Birthday Honours for "distinguished service to medical science as an immunologist, to the promotion of women in STEM, and to the Indigenous community".

Selected publications

Jenkins, M.R., Webby, R., Doherty, P.C. and Turner, S.J., 2006. Addition of a prominent epitope affects influenza A virus-specific CD8+ T cell immunodominance hierarchies when antigen is limiting. The Journal of Immunology, 177(5), pp.2917-2925. Jenkins, M.R., Rudd-Schmidt, J.A., Lopez, J.A., Ramsbottom, K.M., Mannering, S.I., Andrews, D.M., Voskoboinik, I. and Trapani, J.A., 2015. Failed CTL/NK cell killing and cytokine hypersecretion are directly linked through prolonged synapse time. Journal of Experimental Medicine, 212(3), pp.307-317. Davenport, A.J., Cross, R.S., Watson, K.A., Liao, Y., Shi, W., Prince, H.M., Beavis, P.A., Trapani, J.A., Kershaw, M.H., Ritchie, D.S. and Darcy, P.K., 2018. Chimeric antigen receptor T cells form nonclassical and potent immune synapses driving rapid cytotoxicity. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 115(9), pp.E2068-E2076. Abbott, R.C., Cross, R.S. and Jenkins, M.R., 2020. Finding the keys to the CAR: identifying novel target antigens for T cell redirection immunotherapies. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 21(2), p.515. Jenkins, Marjorie R.; Sikon, Andrea L. (2008-05). "Update on nonhormonal approaches to menopausal management". Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine. 75 Suppl 4: S17–24. doi:10.3949/ccjm.75.suppl_4.s17. ISSN 0891-1150. PMID 18697262. Cattaneo, Anna Giulia; Gornati, Rosalba; Sabbioni, Enrico; Chiriva-Internati, Maurizio; Cobos, Everardo; Jenkins, Marjorie R.; Bernardini, Giovanni (2010-11). "Nanotechnology and human health: risks and benefits". Journal of applied toxicology: JAT. 30 (8): 730–744. doi:10.1002/jat.1609. ISSN 1099-1263. PMID 21117037. Jenkins, Misty R.; Griffiths, Gillian M. (2010-06). "The synapse and cytolytic machinery of cytotoxic T cells". Current Opinion in Immunology. 22 (3): 308–313. doi:10.1016/j.coi.2010.02.008. ISSN 1879-0372. PMC 4101800. PMID 20226643. Davenport, Alexander J.; Jenkins, Misty R. (2018-03). "Programming a serial killer: CAR T cells form non-classical immune synapses". Oncoscience. 5 (3–4): 69–70. doi:10.18632/oncoscience.406. ISSN 2331-4737. PMC 5978443. PMID 29854873.

References

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Misty Jenkins

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Misty Jenkins claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In astronomy, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Misty Jenkins before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Misty Jenkins ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Misty Jenkins

In research: Misty Jenkins appears in astronomy research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Misty Jenkins in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Misty Jenkins is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Cancer researchers, Indigenous Australian scientists, Living people, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Misty Jenkins outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Misty Jenkins in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Misty Jenkins means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Misty Jenkins out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Misty Jenkins in simple terms?

Why does Misty Jenkins matter?

Because it connects several astronomy ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Misty Jenkins?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Misty Jenkins.