science

NASA Astronaut Group 13

NASA Astronaut Group 13 is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand NASA Astronaut Group 13 rather than just read about it. In short: NASA Astronaut Group 13 (the Hairballs) was a group of 23 astronauts announced by NASA on 17 January 1990. The group name came from its selection of a black cat as a mascot, to play against the traditional unlucky connotations of the number 13.

Key takeaways

NASA Astronaut Group 13 belongs to science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect NASA Astronaut Group 13 to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of NASA Astronaut Group 13 from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

NASA Astronaut Group 13 (the Hairballs) was a group of 23 astronauts announced by NASA on 17 January 1990. The group name came from its selection of a black cat as a mascot, to play against the traditional unlucky connotations of the number 13.

Pilots Kenneth Cockrell (born 1950), U.S. Navy (5 flights) STS-56 Discovery (Science Mission; Flew as a Mission specialist) STS-69 Endeavour (2nd flight of the Wake Shield Facility) STS-80 Columbia (3rd flight of the Wake Shield Facility) STS-98 Atlantis (ISS Assembly Mission - Launched the Destiny Laboratory Module) STS-111 Endeavour (ISS Resupply Mission; Launched Expedition 5) Eileen Collins (born 1956), U.S. Air Force (4 flights) STS-63 Discovery (Shuttle-Mir Mission; became the first female pilot of a U.S. Spacecraft) STS-84 Atlantis (Shuttle-Mir Mission) STS-93 Columbia (Deployed Chandra X-Ray Observatory; became the first female commander of a U.S. Spacecraft) STS-114 Discovery (Return to Flight) William G. Gregory (born 1957), U.S. Air Force (1 flight) STS-67 Endeavour (2nd flight of the ASTRO telescope) James D. Halsell (born 1956), U.S. Air Force (5 flights) STS-65 Columbia (Science Mission) STS-74 Atlantis (Shuttle-Mir Mission) STS-83 Columbia (Intended to be a Science Mission; Mission cut short due to fuel cell problems) STS-94 Columbia (Science Mission using experiments intended to be conducted on STS-83) STS-101 Atlantis (ISS Supply Mission) Charles J. Precourt (born 1955), U.S. Air Force (4 flights) STS-55 Columbia (German Spacelab Mission) STS-71 Atlantis (Shuttle-Mir Mission) STS-84 Atlantis (Shuttle-Mir Mission) STS-91 Discovery (Shuttle-Mir Mission) Richard A. Searfoss (1956–2018), U.S. Air Force (3 flights) STS-58 Columbia (Science Mission) STS-76 Atlantis (Shuttle-Mir Mission) STS-90 Columbia (Science Mission) Terrence W. Wilcutt (born 1949), U.S. Marine Corps (4 flights) STS-68 Endeavour (Science Mission) STS-79 Atlantis (Shuttle-Mir Mission) STS-89 Endeavour (Shuttle-Mir Mission) STS-106 Atlantis (ISS Supply Mission)

… excerpt ends here. Continue reading the full article.

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with NASA Astronaut Group 13

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what NASA Astronaut Group 13 claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to NASA Astronaut Group 13 before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about NASA Astronaut Group 13 ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of NASA Astronaut Group 13

In research: NASA Astronaut Group 13 appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses NASA Astronaut Group 13 in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: NASA Astronaut Group 13 is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1990 establishments in the United States, 1990 in spaceflight, Lists of astronauts, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for NASA Astronaut Group 13 outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study NASA Astronaut Group 13 in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what NASA Astronaut Group 13 means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain NASA Astronaut Group 13 out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is NASA Astronaut Group 13 in simple terms?

Why does NASA Astronaut Group 13 matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study NASA Astronaut Group 13?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on NASA Astronaut Group 13.