earth science

National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program

National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program is a earth science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program rather than just read about it. In short: The National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) was established in 1977 by the United States Congress as part of the Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act of 1977. The original stated purpose for NEHRP was "to reduce the risks of life and property from future Earthquakes in the United States through the establishment and maintenance of an effective earthquake hazards reduction program." Congress periodically re…

Key takeaways

National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program belongs to earth science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

The National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) was established in 1977 by the United States Congress as part of the Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act of 1977. The original stated purpose for NEHRP was "to reduce the risks of life and property from future Earthquakes in the United States through the establishment and maintenance of an effective earthquake hazards reduction program." Congress periodically reviews and reauthorizes NEHRP, with the most recent review happening in 2018. NEHRP supports basic research that expands our knowledge of earthquakes and their impacts. The four basic earthquake hazard reduction goals of NEHRP have remained the same since its creation:

Develop effective practices/policies and accelerate their implementation. Improve techniques for reducing vulnerabilities of facilities and systems. Improve earthquake hazards identification and risk assessment methods and their use. Improve the understanding of earthquakes and their effects. To accomplish these goals, NEHRP developed the Advisory Committee on Earthquake Hazards Reduction to advise congress on the programs progress in relation to:

Improved design and construction methods and best practices Land use controls and redevelopment Prediction and early-warning systems Coordinated emergency preparedness plans Public education/involvement programs

Primary NEHRP agencies NEHRP has four designated federal agencies that contribute to the program:

Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) of the United States Department of Homeland Security National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) of the United States Department of Commerce (NIST is the lead NEHRP agency) National Science Foundation (NSF) United States Geological Survey (USGS) of the United States Department of the Interior The majority of NEHRP's research activities are accomplished through the National Science Foundation funding of earthquake-related research in earth sciences, social sciences and engineering. NSF also provides post-earthquake empirical research using reconnaissance teams. These teams visit affected regions documenting the impacts, performance of construction and response/recovery. FEMA's primary role is to implement and distribute the final research products of NEHRP. This is done through the creation of a variety of published materials made available to 3rd parties.

Recent research In 2020, NHERP and its partner agencies published "The 2020 NEHRP Recommended Seismic Provisions for New Buildings and Other Structures." The report comprises a summary of a 5 year research project and includes 37 recommended changes to American Society of Civil Engineers/SEI section 7-16 (Minimum Design Loads and Associated Criteria for Buildings and Other Structures), nine white papers and associated commentary.

References

Attribution:

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In earth science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program

In research: National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program appears in earth science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Disaster preparedness in the United States, Earthquake and seismic risk mitigation, Government agencies established in 2006, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program in simple terms?

Why does National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program matter?

Because it connects several earth science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program.