biology

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute is a biology topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute rather than just read about it. In short: The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) is the third largest Institute of the National Institutes of Health, located in Bethesda, Maryland, United States. It is tasked with allocating about $3.6 billion in FY 2020 in tax revenue to advancing the understanding of the following issues: development and progression of disease, diagnosis of disease, treatment of disease, disease prevention, reduction of hea…

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute — illustration

Key takeaways

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute belongs to biology; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) is the third largest Institute of the National Institutes of Health, located in Bethesda, Maryland, United States. It is tasked with allocating about $3.6 billion in FY 2020 in tax revenue to advancing the understanding of the following issues: development and progression of disease, diagnosis of disease, treatment of disease, disease prevention, reduction of health care disparities within the American population, and advancing the effectiveness of the US medical system. NHLBI's Director is Gary H. Gibbons (2012–present).

History The National Heart Institute and the National Advisory Heart Council was established after the passage of the National Heart Act in 1948. The intramural research program was established a year later in 1949. In 1969, the National Heart Institute was renamed the National Heart and Lung Institute, and the scope of the institute was expanded. In 1976, it was given its current name, the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. It had been designated as the agency responsible for blood research by the National Heart, Blood Vessel, Lung, and Blood Act of 1972, after the newly created National Sickle Cell Disease Program was put under its aegis. The Institute plans, conducts, fosters, and supports an integrated and coordinated program of basic research, clinical investigations and trials, observational studies, and demonstration and education projects. Research is related to the causes, prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of heart, blood vessel, lung, and blood diseases, and sleep disorders. The NHLBI plans and directs research in development and evaluation of interventions and devices related to prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation of patients with such diseases and disorders. It also supports research on clinical use of blood and all aspects of the management of blood resources. Research by scientific institutions and individuals is supported by research grants and contracts through the NHLBI Extramural Program, while the NHLBI Division of Intramural Research conducts state-of-the-art research on the NIH Bethesda campus in its own laboratories. For health professionals and the public, the NHLBI conducts educational activities, including development and dissemination of materials in the above areas, with an emphasis on prevention. The NHLBI supports research training and career development of new and established researchers in fundamental sciences and clinical disciplines to enable them to conduct basic and clinical research related to heart, blood vessel, lung, and blood diseases, sleep disorders, and blood resources through individual and institutional research training awards (T90/R90), career development awards (K), and fellowships (i.e. T32/F32). The NHLBI coordinates relevant activities in the above areas, including the related causes of stroke, with other research institutes and federal health programs. Relationships are maintained with institutions and professional associations, and with international, national, state, and local officials as well as voluntary agencies and organizations working in the above areas. The NHLBI Division of Intramural Research (DIR) in Bethesda conducts research and training in a wide variety of areas broadly related to the mission of the institute, both clinical research and basic science research. There are 60 investigators, each of whom runs their own research program. They are supported by a group of core services that implement state-of-the-art techniques available to all NHLBI investigators. Marshall Nirenberg, Nobel laureate for his part in the discovery of the genetic code, became the head of the Section of Biochemical Genetics in 1962. The DIR also has a large training component, with opportunities for undergraduate, graduate, and medical students as well as post-doctoral training. The NHLBI sponsors National Wear Red Day and the Heart Truth campaign, a national awareness campaign for women about heart disease.

Organization The research arm of the institute is organized into the following divisions:

Biochemistry and Biophysics Center Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Branch Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Human Genomics Branch Cell and Developmental Biology Center Center for Molecular Medicine Hematology Branch Immunology Center Population Sciences Branch Sickle Cell Branch Systems Biology Center

Past directors List of NHLBI directors from 1948 - present

See also Cardiac Arrhythmia Suppression Trial Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension

Notes and references

External links Official website NHLBI Homepage NHLBI account on USAspending.gov John T. Watson Papers (1964-2003) - National Library of Medicine finding aid for a former administrator of the NHLBI's artificial heart program

Illustrations

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute illustration

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In biology, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute

In research: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute appears in biology research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1948 establishments in Maryland, American organizations established in 1948, Heart disease organizations, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute in simple terms?

Why does National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute matter?

Because it connects several biology ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.