engineering

National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology

National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology is a engineering topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology rather than just read about it. In short: The National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (産業技術総合研究所, Sangyō Gijutsu Sōgō Kenkyū-sho), or AIST, is a Japanese research facility headquartered in Tokyo, and most of the workforce is located in Tsukuba Science City, Ibaraki, and in several cities throughout Japan. The institute is managed to integrate scientific and engineering knowledge to address socio-economic needs.

Key takeaways

National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology belongs to engineering; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

The National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (産業技術総合研究所, Sangyō Gijutsu Sōgō Kenkyū-sho), or AIST, is a Japanese research facility headquartered in Tokyo, and most of the workforce is located in Tsukuba Science City, Ibaraki, and in several cities throughout Japan. The institute is managed to integrate scientific and engineering knowledge to address socio-economic needs. It became a newly designed legal body of Independent Administrative Institution in 2001, remaining under the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry.

History In its present form AIST was established in 2001. However, its predecessor institutes have been operating since 1882. In 2015, it is running more than 40 researching institutes and several branches over Japan including International Metrology Cooperation Office.

Three missions of AIST Advanced Research by exploring broad spectra of research fields and integrating multidisciplinary subjects to promote innovation in versatile fields that strengthen the competitiveness of Japanese industries in the world market and create new industries. Interdisciplinary and Cross-Disciplinary Research that enables planning long-range governmental policies by exploiting the current and future needs of society. Basic Research that maintains and strengthens competitiveness of national science and technology by developing and maintaining high standards of scientific and engineering research under the sole responsibility of AIST.

Type-I and Type-II basic research The institute attempts to use and integrate scientific and engineering knowledge that is fragmented into various disciplines to address versatile and highly complex socio-economic needs that change rapidly with time. AIST defines such research as Type-II Basic Research, which integrates multiple disciplines and creates methods for the use of integrated knowledge; traditional basic research is defined as Type-I Basic Research, which is the pursuit and discovery of novel rules, laws and principles that govern natural phenomena. AIST places its highest priority on the pursuit of complete research, "Full Research", ranging from Type-I Basic Research to the development of products by conducting intensive Type-II Basic Research. Each Unit of AIST places its highest priorities on establishing an integrated research system that enables researchers with different scientific backgrounds to participate in scenario-oriented research projects to address the needs of society.

Employees The institute employs researchers of various backgrounds and levels of expertise who carry out research with respect to the three main mission of the institute. The number of employees are as follows:

Researchers: 2,288 Tenured researchers: 2,046 Fixed-term researchers: 242 Administrative staffs: 661 Total number of employees: 2,949 (as of April 1, 2012)

Geological Survey of Japan The Geological Survey of Japan (GSJ) was created from geoscientific research units within AIST in 2001 to replace the old GSJ created in 1882.

Notable scientists Hiroyuki Yoshikawa, former President of AIST, University of Tokyo (1993–1997), Science Council of Japan (1997–2003) and International Council for Science (ICSU) (1999–2002) Jun Kondo, a famous researcher for the Kondo effect Sumio Iijima, the discoverer of the Carbon nanotube Yoshinori Tokura, famous for nanotechnology experiments Hiromichi Kataura, well known for his research in carbon nanotubes and for the Kataura plot

Products HRP-2 Promet, a domestic general helper robot (under development) in joint Humanoid Robotics Project with Kawada Industries. HRP-4C, a female humanoid robot. Paro, a baby harp seal robot for therapeutic use. DeleGate, a multi-purpose application-level gateway / proxy server. Spectral Database for Organic Compounds (SDBS), a free online searchable database containing Raman, EPR, FT-IR, EI-MS, 1H-NMR and 13C-NMR spectra of ca 34,000 organic compounds. Structure atlas of human genome

See also Humanoid Robotics Project Independent Administrative Institution (IAI) List of Independent Administrative Institutions (Japan)

References

External links AIST Web site Humanoid Robotics Group: Humanoid robot HRP-2 Promet and Theage.com, "Robotic helper coming soon"

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In engineering, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology

In research: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology appears in engineering research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 2001 establishments in Japan, Independent Administrative Institutions of Japan, Research institutes in Japan, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
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Frequently asked questions

What is National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology in simple terms?

Why does National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology matter?

Because it connects several engineering ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology.