astronomy

Nitzan Rosenfeld

Nitzan Rosenfeld is a astronomy topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Nitzan Rosenfeld rather than just read about it. In short: Nitzan Rosenfeld is a professor of Cancer Diagnostics at the University of Cambridge. He is a Senior Group Leader at the Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and co-founder of Inivata, a clinical cancer genomics company.

Key takeaways

Nitzan Rosenfeld belongs to astronomy; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Nitzan Rosenfeld to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Nitzan Rosenfeld from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Nitzan Rosenfeld is a professor of Cancer Diagnostics at the University of Cambridge. He is a Senior Group Leader at the Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute and co-founder of Inivata, a clinical cancer genomics company.

Education Nitzan trained in Physics, and specialized in quantitative molecular biology, obtaining a Ph.D. in the field of Systems Biology from the Weizmann Institute of Science.

Research and career After completing his Ph.D., Rosenfeld began working in translational research within Rosetta Genomics Ltd, a leading company in microRNA-based diagnostic tests for cancer. In 2009 he joined the Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute at the University of Cambridge. Within his first year, his laboratory became one of the few worldwide to obtain accurate data on circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) in patient plasma. His team was first to develop and demonstrate effective methods of gene panel sequencing of cell-free plasma DNA. They went on to demonstrate the utility of exome-wide sequencing for analysis of ctDNA. Targeted sequencing of plasma DNA has since become widely used in cancer research and diagnostics. His team and clinical collaborators demonstrated the ability to use ctDNA to study tumour heterogeneity and evolution, and provided key evidence for the utility of ctDNA in monitoring cancer response and progression. Their key publication in the New England Journal of Medicine demonstrated the advantages of ctDNA over other biomarkers, notably circulating tumor cells. These accumulated achievements played a significant role in the explosive growth of the ctDNA field. Rosenfeld is the co-founder and Chief Scientific Officer of Inivata Ltd., one of the UK's leading genomics companies that was amongst the first to offer clinical liquid biopsy tests for cancer genomic profiling.

Awards and honours In 2013, Professor Rosenfeld was awarded the Cancer Research UK Future Leaders in Cancer Research Prize and the British Association for Cancer Research Translational Research Award. He was awarded the Foulkes Foundation Medal in 2015 from the Academy of Medical Sciences for outstanding bioscience research. Rosenfeld was awarded the 2020 Pezcoller Foundation – EACR Cancer Researcher Award, celebrating academic excellence and achievements in the field of translational cancer research. He was elected Fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences in 2020. His citation on election reads: "Nitzan Rosenfeld is a Senior Group Leader at Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute. He is a pioneer and world leader in developing liquid biopsy tests for cancer using circulating tumour DNA. He has developed multiple clinical diagnostic tests for cancer, based on microRNA expression profiling and on circulating cell-free tumour DNA in plasma. He co-founded Inivata Ltd., one of the UK's leading genomics companies that was amongst the first to offer clinical liquid biopsy tests for cancer genomic profiling. His research group continues to develop sensitive methods for detection of cell free tumour DNA in body fluids, and ways to apply these for cancer detection and monitoring."

References

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Nitzan Rosenfeld

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Nitzan Rosenfeld claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In astronomy, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Nitzan Rosenfeld before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Nitzan Rosenfeld ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Nitzan Rosenfeld

In research: Nitzan Rosenfeld appears in astronomy research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Nitzan Rosenfeld in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Nitzan Rosenfeld is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Academics of the University of Cambridge, Cancer researchers, Fellows of the Academy of Medical Sciences (United Kingdom), so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Nitzan Rosenfeld outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Nitzan Rosenfeld in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Nitzan Rosenfeld means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Nitzan Rosenfeld out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Nitzan Rosenfeld in simple terms?

Why does Nitzan Rosenfeld matter?

Because it connects several astronomy ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Nitzan Rosenfeld?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Nitzan Rosenfeld.