astronomy

Nuna 5

Nuna 5 is a astronomy topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Nuna 5 rather than just read about it. In short: The Nuna 5 is the 2009 model of the Nuna series solar-powered racing car built by the Dutch Nuon Solar Team. In October 2009, Nuna 5 ran second, in a field of twenty-five, in the World Solar Challenge in Australia.

Key takeaways

Nuna 5 belongs to astronomy; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Nuna 5 to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Nuna 5 from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

The Nuna 5 is the 2009 model of the Nuna series solar-powered racing car built by the Dutch Nuon Solar Team. In October 2009, Nuna 5 ran second, in a field of twenty-five, in the World Solar Challenge in Australia. It completed the 3,021 km (1,877 mi) race in 32 hours 38 minutes, having an average speed of 91.9 km/h (57.1 miles/h).

History The Nuon Solar Team has won the World Solar Challenge four times (in a row) with Nuna in (2001), Nuna 2 (2003), Nuna 3 (2005) and Nuna 4 (2007). The 2001 win was the first time a new team won the World Solar Challenge. At that time was called the Alpha Centauri Team. The 2009 Nuon Solar Team consists of 14 students from Delft University of Technology. As in previous years, Dutch energy supplier Nuon is the main sponsor of the team. The team is assisted and advised by professor and former astronaut Wubbo Ockels. In July 2010. Nuon Solar Team and Nuna5 visited Japan. They visited several universities and city offices. In August 2010, Nuna 5 ran third, in the Suzuka Dream Cup in Japan.

Design and production The Nuon Solar Team began designing Nuna5 on a full-time basis in September 2008. After two series of wind tunnel tests at the Low Turbulence Tunnel laboratory of Delft University of technology in December and January, the aerodynamic design was finished late January 2009. The team began building the car in February 2009. The body was built from carbon fiber at Schaap Composites shipyard in Lelystad, which is known for having built the ABN Amro Volvo Ocean Race boats. The car was involved in a serious crash on October 5, 2009, while on a practice drive in Australia. A tire burst while the car was traveling at 110 km/h [68 mph], causing the car to run off the road sustaining severe damage.

Solar panel Like previous Nunas, Nuna 5 will be equipped with Gallium Arsenide triple junction solar cells. The solar cells have an estimated efficiency of 34% and are normally used on solar panels in space. By regulations it is allowed to carry 6 square meters of solar cells. Due to the type of solar cells on Nuna 5, it competed in the Challenge Class of the World Solar Challenge.

World Solar Challenge 2009 - new regulations The 2009 regulations are comparable to those from 2007 (the year Nuna 4 raced). The major change was the diminished battery weight, changing from 30 kg in 2007 to 25 kg. Other changes required cars not be allowed to race on, previously used, slicks (smooth tires), requiring profiled (treaded or grooved) tires. Also, the driver was required to sit more upright with a seating angle of, at most, 27 degrees.

Technical specifications

References

External links

Nuon Solar Team ""How low can you go"" (PDF)., article in Leonardo times (magazine TU Delft Aerospace Engineering Students Society) ( 242 KB)) Nuna 5 vs. Nuna 4 dragrace on YouTube Photos from the Nuon solar team

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Nuna 5

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Nuna 5 claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In astronomy, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Nuna 5 before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Nuna 5 ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Nuna 5

In research: Nuna 5 appears in astronomy research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Nuna 5 in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Nuna 5 is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Delft University of Technology, Dutch inventions, Science and technology in the Netherlands, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Nuna 5 outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Nuna 5 in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Nuna 5 means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Nuna 5 out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Nuna 5 in simple terms?

Why does Nuna 5 matter?

Because it connects several astronomy ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Nuna 5?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Nuna 5.