biology

Onzole Formation

Onzole Formation is a biology topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Onzole Formation rather than just read about it. In short: The Onzole Formation is an Early Pliocene (Montehermosan to Chapadmalalan in the SALMA classification) geologic formation in the Borbón Basin of northwestern Ecuador. The formation consists of a shallow marine sandstone member containing many fish fossils, among which megalodon, and a deep water member comprising tuffaceous shales and mudstones containing gastropods, bivalves and scaphopods.

Key takeaways

Onzole Formation belongs to biology; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Onzole Formation to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Onzole Formation from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

The Onzole Formation is an Early Pliocene (Montehermosan to Chapadmalalan in the SALMA classification) geologic formation in the Borbón Basin of northwestern Ecuador. The formation consists of a shallow marine sandstone member containing many fish fossils, among which megalodon, and a deep water member comprising tuffaceous shales and mudstones containing gastropods, bivalves and scaphopods.

Subdivision The formation consists of the Esmeraldas Member, which is a unit comprising highly foraminiferal tuffaceous calcareous shale. They were deposited by shallow water gravity flows, which brought the Esmeraldas fauna into the deep water (1,000 metres (3,300 ft)) from shallow water, on the order of 75 metres (246 ft). The Esmeraldas Member is covered by the Súa Member comprising burrowed, bioturbated, silty sandstones deposited in a coastal environment.

Fossil content The formation has provided bivalve, gastropod, and scaphopod fossils and the following vertebrates:

See also List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Ecuador

References

Bibliography Aguilera, Órangel A.; Schwarzhans, Werner; Béarez, Philippe (2016), "Otoliths of the Sciaenidae from the Neogene of tropical America", Palaeo Ichthyologica, 14: 7–90, retrieved 2019-02-09 Schwarzhans, Werner; Aguilera, Órangel (2016), "Otoliths of the Ophidiiformes from the Neogene of tropical America", Palaeo Ichthyologica, 14: 91–124, retrieved 2019-02-09 Schwarzhans, Werner; Aguilera, Órangel (2013), "Otoliths of the Myctophidae from the Neogene of tropical America", Palaeo Ichthyologica, 13: 83–150, retrieved 2019-02-09

Further reading G. Carnevale, W. Landini, L. Radgaini, C. Celma, G. and Cantalamessa. 2011. Taphonomic and paleoecological analyses (mollusks and fishes) of the Súa Member condensed shelled, upper Onzole Formation (Early Pliocene, Ecuador). Palaios 26(3):160-172 A. E. Longbottom. 1979. Miocene Sharks' teeth from Ecuador. Bulletin of The British Museum (Natural History) Geology 32:57-70 W. D. Pitt and L.J. Pitt. 1997. Nassarius (Mollusca: Neogastropoda) from the Neogene of northwestern Ecuador. Tulane Studies in Geology and Paleontology 29:135-150 E. H. Vokes and H. E. Vokes. 2000. Catalogue of Tulane University fossil localities E. H. Vokes. 1988. Muricidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) of the Esmeraldas Beds, northwestern Ecuador. Tulane Studies in Geology and Paleontology 21(1):1-50

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Onzole Formation

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Onzole Formation claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In biology, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Onzole Formation before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Onzole Formation ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Onzole Formation

In research: Onzole Formation appears in biology research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Onzole Formation in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Onzole Formation is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Chapadmalalan, Deep marine deposits, Geography of Esmeraldas Province, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Onzole Formation outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Onzole Formation in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Onzole Formation means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Onzole Formation out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Onzole Formation in simple terms?

Why does Onzole Formation matter?

Because it connects several biology ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Onzole Formation?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Onzole Formation.