science

Orckit-Corrigent

Orckit-Corrigent is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Orckit-Corrigent rather than just read about it. In short: Orckit-Corrigent was an Israel-based supplier of telecommunications networking equipment and products that facilitated the delivery of Carrier Ethernet and TDM migration applications for telecommunication providers. Orckit-Corrigent was founded in 1990 and is headquartered in Tel Aviv, Israel.

Key takeaways

Orckit-Corrigent belongs to science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Orckit-Corrigent to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Orckit-Corrigent from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Orckit-Corrigent was an Israel-based supplier of telecommunications networking equipment and products that facilitated the delivery of Carrier Ethernet and TDM migration applications for telecommunication providers. Orckit-Corrigent was founded in 1990 and is headquartered in Tel Aviv, Israel. It went public in 1996, making history as the first Israeli company to face excess public demand at its initial public offering (IPO) in NASDAQ. However, despite those initial large contracts the company was unable to renew them. After years of losses, the company underwent a failed debt restructuring agreement in 2012, and entered bankruptcy and liquidation proceedings in mid-2015.

Corporate history Orckit was founded in 1990 by Izhak Tamir and Eric Paneth. In September 1996, Orckit announced an initial public offering (IPO) of 3.3 million of its ordinary shares at a public offering price of $16.00. The company then made history when its initial public offering on the Nasdaq over-the-counter exchange was postponed due to oversubscription. This made Orckit the first Israeli company ever to suffer a deferral on Nasdaq as a result of excess public demand. In 2000, Orckit founded Corrigent Systems as a fully owned subsidiary. This move marked a transformation of the company, which originated as a DSL vendor, into a packet transport network (PTN) vendor. That year, the company began developing and manufacturing PTN products for metro aggregation networks and, Resilient Packet Ring (RPR) technology was developed and introduced to the market as IEEE 802.17 Standard, as part of the company's packet transport technology. In 2007, Orckit-Corrigent launched its CM4000 PTN line of products, which currently serves multiple telecom providers worldwide, including leading Indian carrier Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd. (BSNL), Deutsche Telekom, a leading Pan-European Scandinavian Service Provider, Mexican redIT (formerly MetroNet), and others.

Global expansion In August 2009, Orckit-Corrigent opened a new office in Brazil to help strengthen its Latin American presence. In January 2010, Lindsay Ryan was hired as regional sales manager to head a new office in Manila, Philippines. At its peak, the company had international offices in Israel, US, India, Japan, Korea, Germany, Russia, Brazil, Mexico, Thailand, and the Philippines. In February 2010, VK Aggarwal was appointed new managing director of Orckit-Corrigent's new India headquarters. The company also hired additional employees to better serve existing customers and develop new opportunities in the region.

In March 2010, Orckit-Corrigent opened a new office in Thailand and appointed Monchai Kunwattanakorn as the new VP Sales for Thailand, Laos and Myanmar. In May 2010, Orckit-Corrigent opened a new sales office and service center in Germany, headed by Bernd Muehlhaus. This was an important move for the company, as the European region captured approximately a third of the global Carrier Ethernet market. Orckit-Corrigent was active in the German market, having signed an agreement with Media Broadcast GmbH for Deutsche Telekom in 2008.

Bankruptcy Following the "dot com boom", Orckit amassed increasing debt throughout the 2000-2010 decade, ultimately reaching a debt restructuring agreement with its creditors in 2012. In June 2014 the company was valued at US$1.7 million, down from a peak of US$2 billion in the early 2000s. As of June 2015, the company was in liquidation proceedings and was expected to be sold as a stock exchange shell. In 2021, the corporate website merely contained financial runoff information, by 2022 it was no longer operational.

Market Orckit-Corrigent offered networking infrastructure for the delivery of residential, business and mobile backhauling services in packet-based networks. Orckit-Corrigent focused on what the company termed time-division multiplexing (TDM) migration, whereby carriers operating legacy SDH networks with growing levels of Ethernet traffic are offered the ability to progressively transition to a network where traffic is offloaded to a platform that can handle both TDM and Ethernet services. Orckit-Corrigent targeted the carrier Ethernet switch (router) market and optical networking equipment market, offering application delivery for the PTN market and TDM migration for MSPP installed-base. The company's PTN included standard and interoperable MPLS and MPLS-TP switches, enabling packet, as well as legacy services, over packet transport networks. It also offered circuit emulation and packet synchronization technologies as one of the building blocks for the TDM upgrade.

Products The CM-4000 product family contained a series of packet transport network switches. It consisted of the CM-4140, CM-4206 and CM-4314T/4314 models. Orckit's CM-401x portfolio of switches included the CM-4011, CM-4012 and CM-4013 products and was fully compatible with the company's metro aggregation products.

References

External links

Official Website Orckit-Corrigent on Google Finance Interview with Izhak Tamir, Co-Founder, Chairman and President of Orckit-Corrigent Optical Keyhole, September 17, 2010 TDM Migration and the Path Toward Unified Networks TMC Next Generation Networks, July 2010 Rethinking VPN Architecture at Layers 2 and 3 Converge Network Digest, April 22, 2010 Next step for MPLS is the metro edge Lightwave, January 1, 2010

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Orckit-Corrigent

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Orckit-Corrigent claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Orckit-Corrigent before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Orckit-Corrigent ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Orckit-Corrigent

In research: Orckit-Corrigent appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Orckit-Corrigent in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Orckit-Corrigent is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Companies formerly listed on the Nasdaq, Telecommunication services, Telecommunications companies of Israel, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Orckit-Corrigent outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Orckit-Corrigent in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Orckit-Corrigent means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Orckit-Corrigent out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Orckit-Corrigent in simple terms?

Why does Orckit-Corrigent matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Orckit-Corrigent?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Orckit-Corrigent.