Oreum

Key takeaways

Oreum belongs to earth science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Oreum to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Oreum from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Oreum (Korean: 오름) refers to the around 360 small rising extinct volcanoes on Jeju Island, in Jeju Province, South Korea. They are commonly described as cinder cones or parasitic cones, and are often inside larger volcanic craters.

Etymology The word oreum comes from the Jeju language. It refers to small mountains. "Oreum" itself originates from the word "climb" (오르다). The word is now considered to refer to Jeju's numerous small parasitic cones (측화산; 側火山; also 기생화산; 寄生火山).

Description Around 360 oreum are distributed throughout Jeju. Their formation and preservation are due in part to the high permeability of the volcanic rock. Magma erupting under pressure can solidify into scoria, which may fall and pile up around a crater to form circular and elliptical scoria cones and cinder cones. These are popularly known as oreum in Jeju Island. There are about 360 such oreum. Oreum are classified as cinder cones, lava domes, fault blocks, or cryptodomes. Oreum are considered culturally and symbolically important to Jeju. They have traditionally been associated with folk religion and ancestral worship rituals. Oreum also serve as sites of settlements (particularly at their bases), agriculture, and defense.

Famous oreum

Geomunoreum

Geomunoreum is located between Jeju City and Seogwipo, on the eastern side of the island. This oreum is considered geologically interesting because of its significant lava tube system. In June 2007, this system was made a UNESCO World Natural Heritage Site, as part of the item Jeju Volcanic Island and Lava Tubes, because of its high academic and natural heritage value. Tourists are able to enter some of the lava tube system, as well as hike on a trail on the oreum.

Yongnuni Oreum

Yongnuni Oreum is 247.8 m (813 ft) tall oreum in Gujwa, Jeju City. It is likely named for, and is said to resemble a Chinese dragon lying down. The oreum is considered beautiful, with scenic views of the east coast of Jeju, including of the mountain Seongsan Ilchulbong and the island Udo. Its gentle incline makes it a popular hiking destination for families.

Geum Oreum

Geum Oreum, alternatively Geomeun Oreum, is located in Hallim, Jeju City. It is 427 m (1,401 ft) above sea level at its highest point. It is on privately owned land, and offers views of Hallasan and Sanbangsan, as well as paragliding from the top. People can hike up to the top, where there is a marshy area inside a caldera.

Saebyeol Oreum

Saebyeol Oreum is located in Bongseong-ri, Aewol-eup, Jeju. Saebyeol Oreum was also called the Saebel Oreum or Saebil Oreum. It was written as Hyobyeolak (曉別岳) in the geography book Sinjeungdonggukyeojiseungram, Hyoseongak (曉星岳) in the text T'amnajidomitchidobyŏngsŏ and Sinseongak (新星岳) in the text Chejuguynŭpchi (제주군읍지). There is a view that Saebel and Saebil are words in the Jeju language meaning "stars" but this is uncertain. At the southern peak, there are ridges in the southwest, northwest, and northeast directions and there are 5 dagger-shaped mountaintops that look like a star. And Saebyeol Oreum was the place where Goryeo [Korean) military under General Choi Young suppressed the Mongolian military.

Darangswi Oreum Darangswi Oreum is located in Sehwa-ri, Gujwa-eup, Jeju. Although it is only 382 meters above sea level, it has all of the characteristics of a volcanic terrain and is called a 'queen of oreum. Darangswi (다랑쉬) is the dialect of Jeju which means the Moon. It is named Darangswi because the crater of mountain peaks looks like a full moon. There is a large, deep funnel-shaped circular crater in the mountain area. The outer circumference of this crater is about 1,500 m. It forms a long ellipse from south to north, the north is relatively flat. The depth of the crater is 115 m, which is the same as Baengrokdam on Hallasan. Most oreum are asymmetrically inclined, whereas Darangswi Oreum is arranged with concentric contour lines. There is a village of Darangswi, which was abandoned due to the Jeju Uprising. In 1992, eleven of the remains of the victims were unearthed at the Darangswi cave.

Ttarabi Oreum Ttarabi Oreum is located in Gasi-ri, Pyoseon-myeon, Seogwipo. One of the biggest features there is 3 craters. Several large and small peaks are connected with a smooth ridge. On the horseshoe-shaped foot of the mountain, there are debris slide layers as Dunji Oreum in Gujwa-eup. It is said that it is considered to belong to a recent volcano erupted because of the debris slide. It is said that the name, Ttarabi (따라비) comes from the name Ttangharabeoji (땅할아버지), which looks like a family with nearby oreum. Ttangharabeoji means grandfather for ground in English. Ttarabi Oreum is a typical autumn oreum. As well as the foot of the oreum, the surrounding mountain is a silver grass field. Back then, horses were released and raised in the great grassland.

Statistics

By region

Jeju City (제주시) : 59 Seogwipo (서귀포시) : 37 North part of Jeju (북제주군) : 151 (Hallim-eup 16, Aewol-eup 50, Gujwa-eup 40, Jocheon-eup 30, Hangyeong-myeon 13, Udo-myeon 2) South part of Jeju (남제주군) : 121 (Daejeong-eup 8, Namwon-eup 29, Seongsan-eup 22, Andeok-myeon 31, Pyoseon-myeon 31)

By type

List of oreum This is a list of oreum on Jeju. There are reportedly 368 oreum, of which 63% are privately owned.

Jeju City This is a list of 51 oreum in Jeju City (제주시)

… excerpt ends here. Continue reading the full article.

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Oreum

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Oreum claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In earth science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Oreum before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Oreum ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Oreum

In research: Oreum appears in earth science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Oreum in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Oreum is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Jeju words and phrases, Mountains of Jeju Province, Parasitic cones, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Oreum outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

How to study Oreum in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Oreum means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Oreum out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Oreum in simple terms?

Oreum (Korean: 오름) refers to the around 360 small rising extinct volcanoes on Jeju Island, in Jeju Province, South Korea. They are commonly described as cinder cones or parasitic cones, and are often inside larger volcanic craters.

Why does Oreum matter?

Because it connects several earth science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Oreum?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Oreum.