science

Osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis

Osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand Osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis rather than just read about it. In short: Osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis (OOKP), also known as "tooth in eye" surgery, is a medical procedure to restore vision in the most severe cases of corneal and ocular surface patients. It includes removal of a tooth from the patient or a donor.

Key takeaways

Osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis belongs to science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect Osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of Osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

Osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis (OOKP), also known as "tooth in eye" surgery, is a medical procedure to restore vision in the most severe cases of corneal and ocular surface patients. It includes removal of a tooth from the patient or a donor. After removal, a longitudinal lamina is cut from the tooth and a hole is drilled perpendicular to the lamina. The hole is then fitted with a cylindrical lens. The lamina is grown in the patients' cheek for a period of months and then is implanted upon the eye. The procedure was pioneered by the Italian ophthalmic surgeon, professor Benedetto Strampelli in the early 1960s. Strampelli was a founder-member of the International Intra-Ocular Implant Club (IIIC) in 1966.

Medical uses An operation to graft the OOKP is undertaken in severe pemphigoid, chemical burns, Stevens–Johnson syndrome, trachoma, Lyell syndrome and multiple corneal graft failure. There is a significant risk of anatomical failure of lamina in the long term, estimated at 19% in a small study, with the main risks being laminar resorption, particularly in allografts, and glaucoma. Another, bigger study comparing OOKP with the lesser known osteo-keratoprosthesis (OKP) in 145 and 82 patients and follow-up terms up to 10 years yielded the following statistics:

10-year anatomical survival: 66% for OOKP and 47% for OKP 2-year functional survival (visual acuity better than 1.30 logMAR or 20/400 Snellen): 63% for OOKP and 49% for OKP 10-year functional survival (visual acuity better than 1.30 logMAR or 20/400 Snellen): 38% for OOKP and 17% for OKP Another long-term study of 181 patients puts the chances of retaining an intact OOKP after 18 years at 85%. In 2022, a retrospective study conducted on 82 eyes with OOKP using original Strampelli technique, showed an anatomical survival of 94% up to 30 years of follow-up. The same study also reported a visual acuity better than 1.00 logMAR (or 20/200 Snellen) at 10 years in 81% of the eyes, and a visual acuity of 1.21 logMAR (or 20/324 Snellen) at 30 years.

Procedure OOKP is a two-stage operation: Stage 1 of the surgery involves five separate procedures:

The eye is opened up and the entire inner surface of the eyelids, corneal surface and all scar tissue is removed Inner mucosal lining of the cheek is transplanted onto the new surface of the eye A canine or premolar tooth and part of the adjacent bone and ligaments are removed A bolt-shaped structure is fashioned from the tooth-bone complex which is fitted with a plastic optical cylinder The tooth-bone-cylinder complex is implanted into the patient's cheek to grow a new blood supply Stage 2 (about 4 months later) involves two separate procedures:

The cheek mucosal lining over the eye is opened and the inner contents of the eye are removed The tooth-bone-cylinder complex is removed from the cheek and inserted into the eye, the mucosal cheek lining is replaced over the implant. At the end of the procedure, light can now enter through the plastic cylinder, and the patient is able to see through this cylinder with good vision.

History The procedure was pioneered by the Italian ophthalmic surgeon Professor Benedetto Strampelli in Rome in the early 1960s. The son of the geneticist and agronomist Nazareno Strampelli, Benedetto Strampelli held the chair of ophthalmic surgery at Rome's Ospedale di San Giovanni in Laterano where he was one of the first surgeons in Italy to transplant cornea. In 1953 he was the first Italian to implant intraocular lenses which were manufactured to his own design by Rayners in UK. Strampelli was a founder-member with Harold Ridley and Peter Choyce of the International Intra-Ocular Implant Club (IIIC) in 1966.

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with Osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what Osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to Osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about Osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of Osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis

In research: Osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses Osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: Osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics Dentistry procedures, Eye surgery, Ophthalmology, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for Osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

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How to study Osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what Osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain Osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is Osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis in simple terms?

Why does Osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study Osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on Osteo-odonto-keratoprosthesis.