Outline of life forms

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to life forms: A life form (also spelled life-form or lifeform) is an entity that is living, such as plants (flora), animals (fauna), and fungi (funga). It is estimated that more than 99% of all species that ever existed on Earth, amounting to over five billion species, are extinct. Earth is the only celestial body known to harbor life forms. No form of extraterrestrial life has yet been discovered.

Archaea Archaea – a domain of single-celled microrganisms, morphologically similar to bacteria, but they possess genes and several metabolic pathways that are more closely related to those of eukaryotes, notably the enzymes involved in transcription and translation. Many archaea are extremophiles, which means living in harsh environments, such as hot springs and salt lakes, but they have since been found in a broad range of habitats. Thermoproteota – a phylum of the Archaea kingdom Thermoprotei Sulfolobales – grow in terrestrial volcanic hot springs with optimum growth occurring Euryarchaeota – phylum includes microorganisms Haloarchaea Halobacteriales – found in water saturated or nearly saturated with salt. Methanobacteria Methanobacteriales Methanococci Methanococcales aka Methanocaldococcus jannaschii – thermophilic methanogenic archaea, meaning that it thrives at high temperatures and produces methane Methanomicrobia Methanosarcinales Methanopyri Methanopyrales Thermococci Thermococcales Thermoplasmata Thermoplasmatales – An order of aerobic, thermophilic archaea, in the kingdom Halophiles – organisms that thrive in high salt concentrations Korarchaeota Korarchaeum cryptofilum – These archaea have only been found in high temperature hydrothermal environments, particularly hot springs Lokiarchaeota Methanogens Nanoarchaeota Nanoarchaeum equitans – This organism was discovered in 2002 and lives inside another archaea. Psychrophiles – (sigh-crow-files) Nitrososphaerota – a phylum of the Archaea proposed in 2008 after the genome of Cenarchaeum symbiosum thermophilic – (a thermophile is an organism)

Bacteria Bacteria Gram positive no outer membrane Actinomycetota (high-G+C) Bacillota (low-G+C) Mycoplasmatota (no wall) Gram negative outer membrane present Aquificota Deinococcota Fibrobacterota/Chlorobiota/Bacteroidota (FCB group) Frateuria aurantia (a species of Proteobacteria) Fusobacteriota Gemmatimonadota Nitrospirota Planctomycetota/Verrucomicrobiota/Chlamydiota (PVC group) Pseudomonadota/Myxococcota/Bdellovibrionota/Campylobacterota Spirochaetota Synergistota Unknown / ungrouped Acidobacteriota Chloroflexota Chrysiogenota Cyanobacteria Deferribacterota Dictyoglomota Thermodesulfobacteriota Thermotogota

Eukaryote Eukaryote – organisms whose cells contain complex structures enclosed within membranes. Unikonta Opisthokonta Animal – multicellular eukaryotic organisms that form the biological kingdom Animalia. With few exceptions, animals consume organic material, breathe oxygen, are able to move, reproduce sexually, and grow from a hollow sphere of cells, the blastula, during embryonic development. Subkingdom Parazoa Porifera Placozoa Subkingdom Eumetazoa Radiata (unranked) Ctenophora Cnidaria Bilateria (unranked) Orthonectida Rhombozoa Acoelomorpha Chaetognatha Superphylum Deuterostomia Chordata Cat Cat behavior Hemichordata Echinodermata Xenoturbellida Vetulicolia † Protostomia (unranked) Superphylum Ecdysozoa Kinorhyncha Loricifera Priapulida Nematoda Nematomorpha Lobopodia Onychophora Tardigrada Arthropoda Superphylum Platyzoa Platyhelminthes Gastrotricha Rotifera Acanthocephala Gnathostomulida Micrognathozoa Cycliophora Superphylum Lophotrochozoa Sipuncula Hyolitha † Nemertea Phoronida Bryozoa Entoprocta Brachiopoda Mollusca Annelida Echiura Mesomycetozoa Fungi – any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes unicellular microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as multicellular fungi that produce familiar fruiting forms known as mushrooms. Blastocladiomycota Chytridiomycota Glomeromycota Microsporidia Neocallimastigomycota Dikarya (inc. Deuteromycota) Ascomycota Pezizomycotina Saccharomycotina Taphrinomycotina Basidiomycota Agaricomycotina Pucciniomycotina Ustilaginomycotina Subphyla incertae sedis Entomophthoromycotina Kickxellomycotina Mucoromycotina Zoopagomycotina Amoebozoa Conosa Mycetozoa (slime-molds) Archamoebae Lobosa Protamoebae Bikonta Apusozoa Excavata Archaeplastida (plants, broadly defined) Glaucophyta – glaucophytes Rhodophyceae – red algae Chloroplastida Chlorophyta – green algae (part) Ulvophyceae Trebouxiophyceae Chlorophyceae Chlorodendrales – green algae (part) Prasinophytae – green algae (part) Mesostigma Charophyta sensu lato – green algae (part) and land plants Streptophytina – stoneworts and land plants Charales – stoneworts Plantae – land plants (embryophytes) SAR supergroup Alveolata Heterokonta Rhizaria

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