science

PIK-5

PIK-5 is a science topic covered in the lgStudy science library. This page brings together a partial reference excerpt, illustrations, worked examples, real-world applications and a short study plan, so you can understand PIK-5 rather than just read about it. In short: The PIK-5 was a training glider produced in Finland in the 1940s, and 1950s, equipping the country's gliding clubs with an aircraft greater in performance than primary gliders but less than competition sailplanes. The PIK-5 had a pod-and-boom configuration, with a high, strut-braced monoplane wing and a cruciform tail carried at the end of a tail boom that extended from a position high on the aft end of the pod.

Key takeaways

PIK-5 belongs to science; place it in that map before memorising details.
Learn the definition first, then one example that makes the definition concrete.
Connect PIK-5 to a quantity you can measure, compute or draw — that is where exam questions come from.
Reproduce the core statement of PIK-5 from memory before moving on to harder problems.

Reference excerpt

The PIK-5 was a training glider produced in Finland in the 1940s, and 1950s, equipping the country's gliding clubs with an aircraft greater in performance than primary gliders but less than competition sailplanes. The PIK-5 had a pod-and-boom configuration, with a high, strut-braced monoplane wing and a cruciform tail carried at the end of a tail boom that extended from a position high on the aft end of the pod.

History The prototype first flew in September 1946, and testing continued until it was badly damaged in a crash in summer 1948 Over the subsequent months, the wings were repaired, and a new fuselage constructed to a revised design. This was completed the following winter, and flights recommenced. However, this aircraft, now known as the PIK-5B, was destroyed in a crash in summer 1951. Again, it was rebuilt with modifications, particularly to the wing structure, resulting in the PIK-5C version. This version first flew on 5 July 1952, and went on to become the pattern for around 30 similar machines that would be built over the ensuing years.

Variants PIK-5 PIK 5A PIK-5B PIK-5C

Specifications (PIK-5C) Data from Karhulan Ilmailukerho website : PIK-5c Cumulus (OH-151), The World's Sailplanes:Die Segelflugzeuge der Welt:Les Planeurs du Monde Volume IIGeneral characteristics Crew: 1 Length: 6.4 m (21 ft 0 in) Wingspan: 12.4 m (40 ft 8 in) Wing area: 14.7 m2 (158 sq ft) Aspect ratio: 10.4 Airfoil: Göttingen 533 Empty weight: 120 kg (265 lb) Max takeoff weight: 210 kg (463 lb) Performance

Stall speed: 45 km/h (28 mph, 24 kn) Never exceed speed: 190 km/h (120 mph, 100 kn) Rough air speed max: 120 km/h (74.6 mph; 64.8 kn) Aerotow speed: 20 km/h (12.4 mph; 10.8 kn) Winch launch speed: 90 km/h (55.9 mph; 48.6 kn) Terminal velocity: with full air-brakes at max all-up weight 180 km/h (112 mph; 97 kn) g limits: +4 -2 Maximum glide ratio: 18 at 60 km/h (37.3 mph; 32.4 kn) Rate of sink: 0.85 m/s (167 ft/min) at 52 km/h (32.3 mph; 28.1 kn) Wing loading: 14.3 kg/m2 (2.9 lb/sq ft)

Notes

References

Shenstone, B.S.; K.G. Wilkinson (1963). The World's Sailplanes:Die Segelflugzeuge der Welt:Les Planeurs du Monde Volume II (in English, French, and German) (1st ed.). Zurich: Organisation Scientifique et Technique Internationale du Vol a Voile (OSTIV) and Schweizer Aero-Revue. pp. 180–191. Hardy, Michael (1982). Gliders and Sailplanes of the World. Shepperton: Ian Allan. "PIK-5c Cumulus (OH-151)". Karhulan Ilmailukerho website. Retrieved 2009-01-09. "PIK-sarjan lentokoneet". Polyteknikkojen Ilmailukerho website. Retrieved 2009-01-08. Taylor, Michael J. H. (1989). Jane's Encyclopedia of Aviation. London: Studio Editions. Tiusanen, Keijo (1952). "PIK-5c". Ilmailu (9): 12.

Illustrations

Worked examples

Example 1 — a first encounter with PIK-5

Start with the simplest possible case. Write down what PIK-5 claims or describes in one sentence, then invent the smallest concrete situation in which that sentence is true. In science, the smallest case is usually a single object, a single equation or a single measurement. Check that every symbol or term in your sentence has a meaning in that case.

Example 2 — changing one variable

Take the situation from Example 1 and change exactly one quantity: double it, halve it, or set it to zero. Predict what should happen to PIK-5 before you calculate. Comparing your prediction with the result is the fastest way to find out whether you understand the idea or only the words.

Example 3 — an exam-style question

Typical questions about PIK-5 ask you to (a) state it precisely, (b) apply it to given data, and (c) explain a limitation. Practise writing all three answers in under five minutes; the third part is what separates a full-mark answer from an average one.

Applications of PIK-5

In research: PIK-5 appears in science research whenever the underlying quantities have to be modelled precisely. Papers usually cite it as a starting assumption and then explore where it breaks down.
In technology and industry: Engineering practice reuses PIK-5 in design rules, simulations and safety margins. Knowing the idea lets you read a specification sheet and understand why the numbers look the way they do.
In the classroom: PIK-5 is common in secondary-school and first-year university syllabi. It links to neighbouring topics 1940s Finnish sailplanes, Aircraft first flown in 1946, Glider aircraft, so understanding it makes those chapters shorter.
In everyday life: Look for PIK-5 outside the textbook — in sport, cooking, traffic, electronics or the sky above you. An example you found yourself is remembered far longer than one you were given.

Affiliate

Preply — study more efficiently by working with a personal tutor. 50% off.

How to study PIK-5 in 20 minutes

Read the reference excerpt below once, without taking notes.
Close the page and write down what PIK-5 means in your own words.
Compare your version with the excerpt and mark what you missed.
Work through the three examples above with pen and paper.
Explain PIK-5 out loud to somebody else — or to Teacher Smith in the lgStudy chat.

Frequently asked questions

What is PIK-5 in simple terms?

Why does PIK-5 matter?

Because it connects several science ideas at once: it gives you a definition you can apply, a quantity you can calculate, and a way to check whether a result is plausible.

How should I study PIK-5?

Read the excerpt, restate it from memory, then work through the examples and applications listed on this page. The five-step study plan above takes about twenty minutes.

What does this page cover?

It gives you a compact reference excerpt plus original lgStudy explanations, examples, applications and study material on PIK-5.